Radiographic Terminology PDF

Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Everyone must be held responsible to beat the coronavirus We must strictly adhere to safety protocols to curb the resurgence of virus Introduction to Radiography & Medical Imaging Radiographic terminology Introduction to Radiography & Medical Imaging Slide 1 fchs.a...

Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Everyone must be held responsible to beat the coronavirus We must strictly adhere to safety protocols to curb the resurgence of virus Introduction to Radiography & Medical Imaging Radiographic terminology Introduction to Radiography & Medical Imaging Slide 1 fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Course Contents Standard terms Terminology of Positioning General planes Body landmarks Terminology of movement and direction fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win References Bontrager K.L: Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy, Mosby; ISBN 0-323-01219-J. Whitely A.S: Clark's Positioning in Radiography, Hodder Arnold; ISBN 0-340-76390-6. fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Common Abbreviations Abbreviation Meaning MSP Medial Sagittal plane FFD Focal Film Distance PA Posteroanterior AP Anteroposterior Lat Lateral RAO Right Anterior Oblique LAO Left Anterior Oblique RPO Right Posterior Oblique fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Common Abbreviations LPO Left Posterior Oblique CR Central Ray ASIS Anterior Superior Iliac Spine D.O.B Date of Birth LMP Last menstrual Period MAS Millie Ampere Second KV Kilo Voltage fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win ANATOMIC & POSITIONING TERMINOLOGY fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Anatomic Terminology 1. Anatomic position: Erect, face forward, feet together, arms at sides with palms forward fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win 2. Plane Flat surface passed through the body or a portion of the body Longitudinal planes – Coronal – Sagittal Horizontal plane – Transverse (Axial) fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Body Planes 1 Coronal Plane. 2 Median Sagittal Plane. 3Axial Plane fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win cephalad Directional Terms Anterior cephalic superior cranial inferior caudal Lateral caudad Medial fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Lateral Posterior Anterior Proximal Distal fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Joint Movement Terms Extension: when the angle of the joint increases. Flexion: when the angle of the joint decreases. Abduction: refers to a movement away from the midline. Adduction: refers to a movement towards the midline. Rotation: movement of the body part around its own axis, e.g. medial (internal) rotation towards the midline, or lateral (external) rotation away from the midline. Pronation: movement of the hand and forearm in which the palm is moved from facing anteriorly (as per anatomical position)to posteriorly. Supination: is the reverse of this. fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Abduct Flexion Joint Movement Terms Adduct Extension fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Inversion ROTATION vs. CIRCUMDUCTION Eversion PRONATION vs. SUPINATION fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Body Position Terms Describe the overall placement of the body fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Erect Positions Surface of body closest to the film used to give a more specific description. Examples: Posterior erect – Patient is standing with the posterior surface of the body next to the cassette. fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Left lateral erect Patient is standing with the left side of the body next to the cassette Left lateral erect position fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Recumbent Positions Supine (posterior recumbent position) – Lying down on the back. Prone (anterior recumbent position) – Lying face down fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Right lateral recumbent - lying down on the right side like lying down Oblique (Erect or Recumbent) Position when the body is rotated so that the medial sagittal plane (MSP) is neither nor to the film but at an angle Exact position is indicated by the surface closest to the film and the angle of rotation May be erect or recumbent Abbreviations: ( RPO, LPO, RAO, LAO) 45 degres RPO fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Decubitus Positions Ventral decubitus: Patient is prone & a horizontal beam is used Dorsal decubitus : Patient is supine & a horizontal beam is used fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Left lateral decubitus : Patient lying on the left lateral side & a horizontal beam is used fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win PROJECTION Refers to the path the beam takes through part Anteroposterior projection (AP) Beam enters the front surface and exits the back surface of the part AP projection in supine position fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Posteroanterior projection (PA) Beam enters the back and exits the front of the part PA projection in prone position fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Special Projections (Position) Axial This projection includes, an angulation of the beam, usually to the long axis of the body part. AP axial with 40° Caudal angle fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win Tangential Projection obtained when the central ray touches only along the edge of a curved body part fchs.ac.ae Stay Home-Stay Safe_ Commit to Win SEE YOU NEXT CLASS Slide 26 fchs.ac.ae