2ND-PRELIM-EXAM-MMFC-SPORTS-VISION-COMPILATION-QA.pdf

GROUP 1 They were arguably the first to produce sports spectacles – for hunting – by This is when the input receives information which is processed via neuronal...

GROUP 1 They were arguably the first to produce sports spectacles – for hunting – by This is when the input receives information which is processed via neuronal carving two horizontal stenopaeic slits into a mask of wood or bone thereby networks and transferred to memory where it is interpreted and stored until What is one primary function of headwear in sports? reducing glare from snow, ice, and water (Dalland, 1917). it is required. Answer: B) To protect the eyes from injury Answer: Eskimos Answer: Information Processing Which type of headwear is most commonly used to reduce glare from GROUP 2 The following might adversely affect contrast sensitivity and sporting sunlight during outdoor sports? performance, except: This projects from the retina via the lateral geniculate body to the primary Answer: C) Cap or visor cortex. Answer: Training methods Answer: Retino-geniculate pathway What was one of the first recorded instances of using eyewear for sports - The visual system is unable to follow and process a moving object clearly related activities? unless the gaze velocity or the combined conjugate speed of head and eye It gives a measure of the ability of the visual apparatus to filter and process movements are able to stabilize the retinal image on the optic disc. Answer: Eskimos using carved masks with slits to reduce glare from information. snow & ice Answer: The statement is false. Answer: Contrast Sensitivity What material did Eskimos use to make early sports vision aids for hunting? GROUP 3 This relays information that controls pupil reactions and the visual Answer: C) Wood or bone accommodative response. It is an essential facet in the emotional and physical development of a child and encourages motor skills and facilitates both eye-hand and eye-foot Answer: Retino midbrain coordination. What object did Roman Emperor Nero reportedly use to protect his eyes while watching gladiator battles? Answer: Play Sports action involves eye-body coordination which may be proactive or Answer: C) An emerald reactive and such reactions are largely reflex. How long does it take so that the eyes steer the body to take action? Throughout history, competition and sport have been closely associated and different ______ have had different forms of participation. Answer: In milliseconds Who is credited with the earliest recorded use of “sports sunglasses” in history? Answer: Cultures Answer: B) Nero Successful players in visually demanding sports are believed to have the following, except: It is traditionally recognized as the oldest and purest of combat sports and murals in the Egyptian tombs of Beni Hason dating back to 3000 BC. Answer: Excessive Visual Cues True or false. The iris and choroid absorb incident light which is further limited from entering the eyes when the pupils constrict to a bright stimulus. Answer: Wresting Answer: False – Iris and Sclera It is the basis of the body’s efficient reaction. Who used the decapitated heads of the enemies as a ball? Answer: Visual Stimulus True or False. Blinking clears and protects the eyes and may be initiated by Answer: American Indians a foreign body touching the lashes. The eye-body coordination in sports action may be proactive or reactive. Answer: True Reactive means reactions are initiated by the player while proactive refers Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Sports Participation? to the response by the other players to the action. Answer: Flexibility Answer: The first statement is true, the second statement is false. It protects the eye against glare and injury. Answer: Bony orbital cavities  ______ encourages motor skills and facilitates both eye-hand and eye-foot 5. What are the unwanted by products of sports, except: Also known as VOR cancellation test coordination. Answer: D. None of the above Answer: Visual motion Sensitivity test (VMS) Answer: Play 6. It is a competition where there must be a winner or loser. Patient is asked to rotate their head horizontally while maintaining focus on Stones were used as early as _______ for bowling. the target. Answer: Sports Answer: 5200 BC Answer: Horizontal VOR Test 7. Which sport is under the Working Class sports It is the quality or state of being physically strong. Suggested that the VOMS can serve as a predictor of recovery time in Answer: A) Table Tennis patients with sports related concussion Answer: Strength Answer: Anzalon et al. 8. These are County and Ivy League Sports, except: This may occur in response to a problem without an apparent solution and may lead to unproductive stress which results in impaired performance. Answer: D) Swimming Supported the implementation of the VOMS baseline assessment into clinical practice. Answer: Frustration Answer: Moran et al. 9. These are Working Class Sports, except: This is an essential part of a child’s development. Answer: C) Golf Who founded that the test demonstrate internal consistency and basic Answer: Play validity compared with the post concussion symptoms Scale (PCSS). 10. Which of the following is NOT a psychological factor that can influence Answer: Mucha et al. performance in sports? GROUP 4 Answer: d) Correct warming up procedures 1. Which of the following is a psychological variable that can influence MTBI Answer: mild traumatic brain injury athletic performance? Answer: C. Counselling effects of sports psychology GROUP 5 this test ability is to follow a slowly moving target. It has been proposed that it may serve as a single component of a comprehensive approach to the assessment concussions. Answer: smooth pursuit 2. Which of the following is a psychological factor that can influence athletic performance? Answer: Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Answer: C. Fitness training it is important to establish the patient baseline symptoms Examiner hold two single points horizontally at a distance of 3ft. from the Answer: Baseline measurement patient and 1.5ft to the right and left of midline so that the patient must gaze 3. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of sports participation? 30 degrees to left and 30 degrees to the right. Answer: B. Improved physical fitness Answer: Horizontal saccades GROUP 6 4. What is the most serious disadvantage of sports participation? The test is repeated with the patient moving their head vertically while 1. What firm company advertised in The Times of London that “spectacles, maintaining focus on the target. close fitting and having extra-large lenses are best for shooting and billiards. Answer: D. Risk of injury Answer: Vertical VOR Test Answer: D. Negretti and Zambra✔️ 2. What year was the Contact lenses were first suggested as a means of 10. The type of contact lenses that were introduced in Czechoslovakia and correcting vision. proved to be an excellent sports lens. GROUP 8 Answer: B. Early 19th century Answer: A. Soft contact lenses ✓ 1. What is the primary purpose of saccadic eye movements? Answer: C) Quickly shift gaze between objects 2. Which type of eye movement is responsible for following a 3. What is the total diameter measurement for the early scleral or haptic 11. The type of contact lenses that are still today the most suitable contact moving object? lenses and fitted snuggly under the upper and lower eyelids. lenses for water and combat sports. Answer: B) Pursuit Answer: A. 25 mm✔️ Answer: D. Scleral ✓ 3. What is vergence eye movement? Answer: B) Eyes moving in opposite directions to maintain GROUP 7 binocular vision 4. It have been used as early as 5200BC for bowling and ball game with the participants on horseback. 4. Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for controlling eye 1. What is required for optimum visual performance in sporting activities? movements? Answer: B. Stones ✓ Answer: A) Clear ocular media Answer: B) Oculomotor nerve (III) 5. What is the term for a prolonged gaze at a single point? 2. What is the "Zone of Fog"? Answer: B) Fixation 5. It is recognized as the oldest and purest of combat sports and murals in Answer: B) A region where projectiles move too fast for the eyes to the Egyptian tombs of Beni Hason way back to 3000BC. track 6. What occurs during a nystagmus? Answer: A) Involuntary eye movement with a fast phase Answer: C. Wrestling✓ 3. At what speed do most observers struggle to track moving objects and a slow phase clearly? (Suggested based on early experiments into eye movements). o Answer: C) 50 degrees per second 7. Which condition is characterized by difficulty with eye movements? 6. Risk of injury is one of the disadvantages of sports participation while Answer: B) Strabismus reduced in speed is an advantage. 4. What factors must be considered when analyzing visual requirements for specific tasks? 8. What type of eye movement helps stabilize vision when the Answer: A. First statement is true, second statement is false.✓ Answer: B) Environmental factors such as lighting and glare head is moving? Answer: B) Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) 5. What does the “zone of fog” refer to in sports vision? Answer: B) A state of confusion and reduced awareness during high- 9. In which scenario would you most likely use convergence? 7. The most significant factor in winning that is partially innate and partially pressure situations. Answer: B) Reading a book acquired and therefore be optimized by coaching and training is: 10. What is the effect of fatigue on eye movements? Answer: C. Skill ✓ 6. Who determined that a pitched baseball cannot be followed during its Answer: D) Both B and C final 8-15 ft of flight. Answer: A) Hubbard and Seng (1954) 8. He is the South Korean tennis player who was known for the nickname GROUP ESSAY/ENUMERATION of "The Professor". 7. Which of the following factors can affect visual acuity? Answer: D) All of the above Discuss the role of the bony orbital cavities in protecting the eye. What types Answer: C. Hyeon Chun ✓ of injuries or threats do they help to prevent? 8. What does visual acuity primarily measure? Answer: It protect the eye from getting poked, squeezed, or even broken. Answer: B) The sharpness and clarity of vision. 9. Was one of the more successful types of refractive surgery that was discovered by Fyoderov, a Russian ophthalmologist. What are the four types of eye movements? 9. What is required for optimum visual performance in sporting activities? Answer: Answer: A) Clear ocular media Answer: B. Radial keratotomy ✓ 1) Pursuit Eye Movement 2) Saccades 3) Vestibulo-ocular Motor Movements 10. What is the "Zone of Fog"? 4) Vergence eye movements Answer: B) A region where projectiles move too fast for the eyes to track Enumerate at least 5 advantages of Sports Participation Essay Question: How does the Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) assessment help 1. Improved physical fitness in predicting the recovery outcomes of concussed athletes? 2. Cardiovascular performance Answer: 3. Strength The VOMS assessment is an important tool for identifying concussions and 4. Speed predicting recovery outcomes in athletes. By assessing vestibular and ocular motor impairments, it provides insights into the severity of symptoms 5. Response and reaction times like dizziness, blurred vision, and headaches, which are commonly associated with concussions. These symptoms are strong indicators of the What are the country and Ivy League Sports? athlete's recovery timeline, with dizziness notably linked to prolonged recovery periods. The assessment evaluates different domains, such as 1) Horse Riding 2) Golf smooth pursuit and saccades, which help determine the level of 3) Rugby Union dysfunction. This makes the VOMS a valuable tool for predicting prolonged 4) Rowing 5) Cricket recovery and guiding further treatment. (-------GROUP 5 WALANG ENTRY-------) Enumerate the four main types of eye movements Saccades Pursuit movements Essay: What are the advantages of contact lenses over eyeglasses? Fixation Vergence