HAR 2102 Leadership and Management in Art (PDF)

👑 HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) Teacher: JUSAYAN, GAZELLE RUBY M Time: 0920-1120 Days: TTH Introduction to Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields Th...

👑 HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) Teacher: JUSAYAN, GAZELLE RUBY M Time: 0920-1120 Days: TTH Introduction to Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields The Self in the Arts Personal awareness in relation to the essence of arts management. The Arts Manager A visionary person, vital to the growth and survival of the art scene Maybe a leader of an organization, an institution, a creative enterprise, or they are a policy-maker, or even a support staff. A game changer— agents of transformation in specific art disciplines, or even within a municipality or region. Can traverse geographical borders and create interventions at the national or international level An Arts Manager’s Commitment The Three commitments in arts management by Derrik Chong— HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 1  Derrik Chong is the Director of Undergraduate Studies and Senior Tutor in the School of Management at Royal Holloway University of London. He read business administration (BComm Toronto; MBA McGill) and art history (MA York) in Canada, where he also worked in advertising, before completing a PhD at the University of London. His main area of research is the intersections of management and the arts. The commitment to excellence and artistic integrity. Artistic Excellence and Integrity This goes beyond offering what one thinks the public wants. It is not also merely being true to one’s self as an artist. It means relentlessly pursuing one’s vision in the arts as a leader and tastemaker. It allows the arts manager to initiate creative partherships. It starts with recognizing the need to nurture one’s heritage delivering sound, and meaningful, moralistic content. “What is worth doing for the betterment of the society?” The commitment to accessibility and audience development. Accessibility and Audience Development A commitment to bridge the artists and the public which requires upgrading the needed core competencies for the creation of project or programs. Oral and written communication for reaching out the public must be improved. Making art accessible by being the one reach out. Creating and being involved in the local community paves the way for brand/product awareness and gives your products/company a more positive view HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 2  The commitment to public accountability and cost-effectiveness. Public Accountability and Cost Effectiveness A commitment to be a steward of the arts, having a continuous passion for the arts. An arts manager must also have the willingness to be accountable to the public, use resources efficiently, and regularly upgrade one’s core competencies in order to be better. Passion, vision, innovation, courage to take risks, the willingness to establish connections and leadership. Discover ways to produce good results without costing a lot of money. Likewise, your service/product must have good value for the amount of money paid. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 3  While knowledge and skills are important, the desire and discipline to commit oneself also play a vital role to one’s success in the field of arts management. Setbacks and Roadblocks Common roadblocks to success by Jeff Zannetti Jeff Zannetti graduated with an Economics degree from the University of Pennsylvania and studied business at the Wharton School of Business. Before starting “Winning Mindset” he worked in finance at Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, Barclays Capital, and Merrill Lynch. Jeff was a nationally-ranked All-Ivy League wrestler at UPenn. While there isn’t a magical formula to guarantee or control success, there are certainly elements within our control that will lead to increasing the probability of achieving success in all aspects of life by avoiding the most common roadblocks. Procrastination “Getting ready to get ready” It's the start that stops most people from ever beginning to take the first step in their journey towards success. A common misconception or prey thought is viewing successful people as naturally gifted or talented. Where the actual reality is that the successful people hold themselves accountable in their daily actions. "The road to someday leads to the city of nowhere." Blaming Others, Pointing Fingers, Making Excuses, Or Complaining Viewing our past adversities to blame others or make excuses is a common roadblock to success. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 4  It is your responsibility to produce a positive solution to a negative situation. No one is perfect and we all make mistakes, that’s also true. So, it is important to acknowledge your mistakes head on by taking personal responsibility for your actions while learning and growing from the mistakes. Why Me? This question will lead you to focusing your attention solely on the problem rather than the solution. More effective questions to lead you to become more efficient with your time are, “How can I learn from this?” or, “What could I have done differently?” Have a great balance of a relationship with yourself by being your biggest critic while at the same time being your own best friend. Growth mindset by Carol Dweck Dweck studies human motivation. She spends her days diving into why people succeed (or don’t) and what’s within our control to foster success. Her work bridges developmental psychology, social psychology, and personality psychology, and examines the self-conceptions (or mindsets) people use to structure the self and guide their behavior. Her research looks at the origins of these mindsets, their role in motivation and self- regulation, and their impact on achievement and interpersonal processes. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 5  More Setbacks 1. Lack of Confidence Or adopt a new, more positive voice. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 6  Turn “Am I?” into “I Am!” I AM good enough, I AM capable of doing this. Or, “I may not do it perfectly, but I’m going to learn from it.” Or, “My goal is to go on this adventure.” 2. Fear of Failure Try reframing failure. Try to find the good in an unwanted situation. As Thomas Edison famously said: “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” Oprah Winfrey said that failure is a stepping stone to greatness. She says it’s not a failure if you enjoy the process. If you learned something, did you really fail? In improv theater, aspiring actors actors celebrate failure by taking what’s called “the failure bow.” It’s a way to acknowledge that an approach didn’t work, and even have a little laugh about it. Do not be too hard on yourself. 3. Fear of Success This sounds counterintuitive but is very real. We inadvertently sabotage our own success because we fear what will be different if we succeed. It can look like procrastination or insecurity. Athletes, performers, and musicians often have this. They want success but also fear how much their life will change. Success will always be rooted in purpose. For what purpose are you trying to achieve things? If you have achieved a purpose or have attained one of your goals, then you may consider that already as a successful endeavor. (Gazelle Jusayan, 2022) 4. Perfectionism Ask yourself how this trait is serving you. In what ways is perfectionism holding you back, or what are you missing doing because of the time you spend getting it absolutely right? HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 7  Perfectionists are afraid to take risks because they are so afraid of failing and NOT being perfect. If this is you, try asking what’s the worst that can happen? Is it really that bad? How do your perfectionist tendencies impact your coworkers? This is a diminishing trait to those around you. When others feel they can never do it well enough, they often give up or stop trying. In the workplace (and in life), this can lead to frustration and a lack of innovation on behalf of your team. IS THIS WHAT YOU WANT? 5. Feeling Stuck Take time for self-reflection. As Yogi Berra (an American professional baseball catcher who later took on the roles of manager and coach) said, “If you don’t know where you’re going, you’ll end up somewhere else.” We often feel stuck when we don’t know what we want. It’s important to spend time getting in touch with our talents, passions, and goals. Reflect on what fills you up, what drains you, what peak experiences you’ve had, your nonnegotiable values, and even helps you craft a personal vision statement for your life. Go on a personal retreat, even for just a few hours. This time you spend in self-reflection will serve you greatly. 6. Inertia a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged. Break a large task into many small tasks. Create small, achievable goals and reward yourself for meeting them. Then embark on your next goal. Create a disciplined work time. Cal Newport, an American non-fiction author, and an associate professor of computer science at Georgetown University, writes about “deep work” — that work you do when you’re hyperfocused and undistracted. Figure out your peak energy time and complete it when you’re fresh and strong. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 8  Morning is often a good time to check off tasks, as the feeling of mastery can propel you through the rest of the day. The Professional Manager Competencies Specific to the Arts The life of an artist/arts manager is a continuing enhancement and development. Aesthetic Sensivity The only way one can be a professionally competent arts manager is through a genuine appreciation of the art form one wishes to specialize in. The sound critical appraisal of works is made possible by immersing oneself in the art form and studying how it can elicit reactions and generate the desired or intended effects on the audience. Interdisciplinary Insight Research takes up a good part of an arts manager’s time. It may consist of observing and analyzing art audiences. The only way to acquire interdisciplinary insight is to allow oneself to go through a liberal arts education. 4 Reasons Why Liberal Arts is a Good Choice Humanities - English Literature, Modern Languages, History, and Philosophy Social Sciences - Anthropology, Economics, Geography, Political Science, and Sociology Creative Arts - Fine Art, Theatre, Speech, and Creative Writing Sciences – Astronomy, Biology, Chemistry, and Physics Competencies of a Manager Derived, Supervisory Management: “The Art Of Inspiring, Empowering, And Developing People” by Mosley (2008), reworked and adapted for the field HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 9  of arts management Technical matters Administrative and Human relations skills Tactician Able to determine the needed manpower support and funding for projects that feature specific creations or art forms Knowledge and skills to plan projects including logical and financial requirements is a must Planning usually involves pragmatic implications. (Practical) Strategy involves the ability to see the bigger picture and over a longer period. Being tactical requires conceptual skills—the ability to interpret, analyze, and synthesize information quickly and efficiently. Organizer Must consolidate and utilize time efficiently Documents must be filed very well Fiscal management is a priority Has the ability to coordinate, delegate tasks and ensure things get done Must develop the needed technical and administrative skills Might help to keep a journal or a planner handy Leader Must have strong human relation skills Must have the ability to elicit respect of others, to mentor and to support them Must also be a good follower himself/herself Great communicator Communicator and Networker Must facilitate effective and meaningful communication within the arts organization, between artists and target audience, artists and the HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 10  organization, and artists with each other. Must be able to handle and resolve conflict Able to express oneself orally and in writing 10 Universal Principles of Great Art and Their Application to Leadership and Management By Dean Eduardo A. Morato Jr., AIM W. SyCip Graduate School of Business 1. Unity In great art, there is unity in the message conveyed and a wholeness in the impact created. The elements of the artwork converge in one inspiring piece. 2. Harmony Harmony is synchronized flow. There is no jarring piece or discordant note. There is a pleasant gelling of the elements, which sing out in chorus with one voice. 3. Will The artist demonstrates supreme will in his works, molding his subject to fit his concept of reality, and inviting the rest of the world to identify with this expression of self. By mastering and applying the proper technical settings, the artist deliberately wills his reality to life. 4. Strength The artist exhibits strength through the boldness of his subject matter, as well as through his mastery of technology. Strength is pride glowing through masterpiece. It personifies the ego, and therefore, individuates the artwork from all others. 5. Intuition Great art shines with sheer intuition—a true knowing without the need for tedious technical processes. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 11  Artists practice this by continually experimenting and experiencing For example, a photographer might take a thousand shots before getting the right/best one. In fact, he does not get the right one... It gets him. 6. Balance and Contrast Opposites are, at one level, contrasts, at another level, balancing forces that counterpoint one another. There is darkness and light, yin and yang. The artist balances his composition by deliberately off-balancing it. He contrasts shapes, textures, colors, etc. The effect is asymmetry that blends rather than distracts. 7. Simplicity and Purity Less is more”, is a classical formula to a timeless art. The more an artist complicates and clutters his art, the more incomprehensible it becomes. The artist achieves this by focusing on one central figure. Other elements play a supporting role, subdued using the techniques of positioning, counterbalancing, coloring, reconstructing, etc. 8. Empathy and Compassion These jump out of the artwork and captures the heart of the beholder who then becomes one with the art. The artist wins his audience by humor or horror, love or loneliness. Even inanimate objects can be humanized by the skillful interplay of images 9. Truth Art is true when it freely expresses the artist, when the beholder resonates with the art in a meaningful way. It does not cheat by relying on mere technique. It does not copy nor reproduce the truth of others. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 12  Truth is original creation. 10. Universality Great art appeals to the sensitivities and sensibilities of all humanity through all time. The artist can render the subject in such a manner that the viewers discover a multiplicity of meanings. Each pondering of the artwork peels a new layer of insight. What is Your Personality Color? Howard’s Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences Intelligence Intelligence is often defined as our intellectual potential; something we are born with, something that can be measured, and a capacity that is difficult to change. In recent years, however, other views of intelligence have emerged. What is it about? Suggests that traditional psychometric views of intelligence are too limited first outlined in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, where he suggested that all people have different kinds of "intelligences" Gardner proposed that there are eight bits of intelligence and has suggested the possible addition of a ninth known as "existentialist intelligence”. Visual-Spatial ❖ Good at visualizing things. These individuals are often good with directions as well as maps, charts, videos, and pictures ❖ Read and write for enjoyment ❖ Good at putting puzzles together ❖ Interpret pictures, graphs, and charts well HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 13  ❖ Enjoy drawing, painting, and the visual arts ❖ Recognize patterns easily Potential Career Choices: ❑ Architect ❑ Artist ❑ Engineer Linguistic-Verbal ❖ Able to use words well, both when writing and speaking ❖ Typically very good at writing stories, memorizing information, and reading ❖ Remember written and spoken information ❖ Enjoy reading and writing ❖ Debate or give persuasive speeches ❖ Are able to explain things well ❖ Use humor when telling stories Potential Career Choices: ❑ Writer/journalist ❑ Lawyer ❑ Teacher Logical-Mathematical ❖ Good at reasoning, recognizing patterns, and logically analyzing problems ❖ Tend to think conceptually about numbers, relationships, and patterns ❖ Have excellent problem-solving skills ❖ Enjoy thinking about abstract ideas ❖ Like conducting scientific experiments ❖ Can solve complex computations Potential Career Choices: ❑ Scientist ❑ Mathematician ❑ Computer programmer ❑ Engineer ❑ Accountant HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 14  Bodily-Kinesthetic ❖ good at body movement, performing actions, and physical control ❖ end to have excellent hand-eye coordination and dexterity/skill ❖ Are skilled at dancing and sports ❖ Enjoy creating things with his or her hands ❖ Remember by doing, rather than hearing or seeing Potential Career Choices: ❑ Dancer ❑ Builder ❑ Sculptor ❑ Actor Musical ❖ Good at thinking in patterns, rhythms, and sounds ❖ Have a strong appreciation for music and are often good at musical composition and performance ❖ Enjoy singing and playing musical instruments ❖ Recognize musical patterns and tones easily ❖ Remember songs and melodies ❖ Have a rich understanding of musical structure, rhythm, and notes Potential Career Choices: ❑ Musician ❑ Composer ❑ Singer ❑ Music teacher ❑ Conductor Interpersonal ❖ Good at understanding and interacting with other people ❖ Skilled at assessing the emotions, motivations, desires, and intentions of those around them ❖ Communicate well verbally ❖ Are skilled at nonverbal communication ❖ See situations from different perspectives HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 15  ❖ Create positive relationships with others ❖ Resolve conflicts in group settings Potential Career Choices: ❑ Psychologist ❑ Philosopher ❑ Counselor ❑ Salesperson ❑ Politician Intrapersonal ❖ Good at being aware of their own emotional states, feelings, and motivations ❖ Enjoy self-reflection and analysis, including daydreaming, exploring relationships with others, and assessing their personal strengths Potential Career Choices: ❑ Philosopher ❑ Writer ❑ Theorist ❑ Scientist Naturalistic ❖ More in tune with nature and are often interested in nurturing, exploring the environment, and learning about other species ❖ Highly aware of even subtle changes to their environments ❖ Are interested in subjects such as botany, biology, and zoology ❖ Categorize and catalog information easily ❖ Enjoy camping, gardening, hiking, and exploring the outdoors ❖ Dislikes learning unfamiliar topics that have no connection to nature Potential Career Choices: ❑ Biologist ❑ Conservationist ❑ Gardener ❑ Farmer Existential ❖ The cognitive capacity to raise and ponder “big questions”—queries about love, about evil, about life and death— indeed, about the nature and quality of existence HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 16  ❖ Not in and of itself a religious or spiritual or sacred capacity ❖ There is a high interest in questions about life, death and beyond ❖ An ability to look beyond the senses to explain phenomena ❖ A desire to be an outsider while at the same time showing a strong interest in society and those around them. Potential Career Choices: ❑ Pastor ❑ Meditation instructor ❑ Yoga instructor ❑ Public speaker ❑ Philosopher The Purpose of Managing the Arts Managing the arts explores the boundaries of social, economic, and aesthetic goals. Tangible Heritage Physical artifacts produced, maintained, and transmitted intergenerationally in a society Includes artistic creations, built heritage (such as buildings and monuments), and other physical or tangible products of human creativity that are invested with cultural significance. Intangible Heritage Indicates ‘the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills, that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their Cultural Heritage’ [UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 2003}. Examples of intangible heritage are oral traditions, performing arts, local knowledge, and traditional skills World Heritage in the Philippines HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 17  There are currently 6 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the Philippines. This includes 3 cultural sites and 2 natural sites. As of 2017, there are also 29 sites in the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative list in the Philippines. 1. Baroque Churches of the Philippines (1993) Constructed between the 16th and 18th centuries during the Spanish period in the Philippines. Fusion of European church design and construction with local materials. Squat, monumental and massive appearance, which illustrates a fortress/protective-like character in response to pirates, marauders and to the geologic conditions of a country that is prone to seismic activities Made of stone (tuff or coralline limestone) , brick, and consolidated lime. Examples: San Agustin Church, Paoay, Ilocos Norte HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 18  San Agustin Church, Manila 2. Historic Town of Vigan (1999) Established in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 19  3. Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park (1999) Features a spectacular limestone karst landscape with an underground river One of the river's distinguishing features is that it emerges directly into the sea, and its lower portion is subject to tidal influences The area also represents a significant habitat for biodiversity conservation The site contains a full 'mountain-to-sea' ecosystem and has some of the most important forests in Asia HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 20  4. Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (1995) An outstanding example of an evolved, living cultural landscape that can be traced as far back as two millennia ago in the pre-colonial Philippines The terraces are in the remote areas of the Philippine Cordillera mountain range on the northern island of Luzon, Philippine archipelago Are a dramatic testimony to a community's sustainable and primarily communal system of rice production, based on harvesting water from the forest clad mountain tops and creating stone terraces and ponds, a system that has survived for two millennia HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 21  5. Tubbataha Reefs National Park (1993) Contains excellent examples of pristine reefs with a high diversity of marine life. Reaching over 100m depth, as well as large areas of deep sea. Remote and undisturbed character of the property and the continued presence of large marine fauna such as tiger sharks, cetaceans and turtles, and big schools of pelagic fishes such as barracuda HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 22  6. Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary Forming a mountain ridge running north-south along the Pujada Peninsula in the south-eastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 23  7. Punnuk A tugging ritual Marks the completion of the rice harvest and the beginning of the new agricultural cycle In Hungduan, Ifugao, three communities —Hapao, Baang, and Nungulunan—observe three post-harvest rituals, collectively known ashuowah. Punnuk, an intense tugging match in the Hapao River, is the last of the three rituals. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 24  8. Hudhud Chants The Hudhud consists of narrative chants traditionally performed by the Ifugao community It is practiced during the rice sowing season, at harvest time and at funeral wakes and rituals Comprises more than 200 chants, each divided into 40 episodes. A complete recitation may last several days. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 25  Second — The growth of art collections Managing the arts explores the boundaries of social, economic, and aesthetic goals. The Balay Negrense, also known as Victor Fernandez Gaston ancestral house, now the Balay Negrense Museum HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 26  Third — The art scenes in metropolitan centers and regional areas have become robust The Angono Petroglyphs, oldest known art in the Philippines. Around 127 animal and human figures, carved during the late Neolithic Era, or before 2000 BC Several institution that offer courses in Fine Arts, Music, Theater, Dance and Design University of the East Far Eastern University University of San Agustin University of Sto. Tomas University of the Philippines De La Salle – College of St. Benilde Technological University of the Philippines HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 27  Philippine Women’s University Ateneo De Manila University University of Baguio Enderun Colleges Meridian International College of Business and Arts Lyceum of the Philippines University St. Scholastica’s College Assumption College Mapúa University Etc. Art Organizations - Profit and Non-profit The Art Association of the Philippines (AAP) AAP Kababaihan Exhibit sa Kanlungan Metropolitan Museum of Manila Museo Pambata 3 Purposes of Managing the Arts Art as a Human Creation Art will never be totally superseded by changes in technology. There are art forms created within a community context. The authorship belongs to the community and is recognized by the community as such. There are artworks attributed to the creator. There are artworks that are transmitted across circuits of distribution. Creative Locale Initiative in the arts have the potential to transform a locale. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 28  It generates creativity in the place. Initiatives in the arts bring people to places. This starts a chain reaction. One of the direct beneficiaries is the tourism industry in the community The Personal Vision Crafting a personal vision is imagining how one’s work would fit into one’s life as a whole. A personal vision is different from having a role model in the arts or imitating someone famous in the arts scene, which shows not only a lack of originality but questionable ethics as well. One’s vision in the arts is unique. It is one’s personal journey. This journey may be a closer encounter or deeper knowledge about a specific art form or several of them. It can also be one’s competencies or skills training. It can also be the quantity and quality of relationships built in the arts scene over a period of time. Where are human creations showcased? Museum Art Galleries Performance halls Major Cultural Center Schools Time Management and Excellence Time Management The process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 29  Good time management enables an individual to complete more in a shorter period, lowers stress, and leads to career success. Benefits of Time Management 1. Stress Relief Making and following a task schedule reduces anxiety. As you check off items on your “to-do” list, you can see that you are making tangible progress. This helps you avoid feeling stressed out with worry about whether you’re getting things done. 2. More Time Good time management gives you extra time to spend in your daily life. People who can time-manage effectively enjoy having more time to spend on hobbies or other personal pursuits. 3. More Opportunities Managing time well leads to more opportunities and less time wasted on trivial activities. Good time management skills are key qualities that employers look for. The ability to prioritize and schedule work is extremely desirable for any organization. 4. Ability to realize goals Individuals who practice good time management can better achieve goals and objectives and do so in a shorter length of time. Tips for Effective Time Management 1. Set goals correctly Set goals that are achievable and measurable. Use the SMART method when setting goals. In essence, make sure the goals you set are Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant, and Timely. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 30  2. Prioritize wisely Prioritize tasks based on importance and urgency. For example, look at your daily tasks and determine which are: Important and urgent: Do these tasks right away. Important but not urgent: Decide when to do these tasks. Urgent but not important: Delegate these tasks if possible. Not urgent and not important: Set these aside to do later. F.I.F.O. Eisenhower Decision Matrix Urgent Non Urgent Decide - Schedule a Important Do - Do it now. time for it. Delegate - Who can do it Not Important Delete - Eliminate it. for you? 3. Set a time limit to complete a task Helps you be more focused and efficient Make the small extra effort to decide on how much time you need to allot for each task. This will help you recognize potential problems before they arise. You can make plans for dealing with them. 4. Take a break between tasks When doing a lot of tasks without a break, it is harder to stay focused and motivated. Allow some downtime between tasks to clear your head and refresh yourself. Consider grabbing a brief nap, going for a short walk, or meditating. 5. Organize yourself Utilize your calendar for more long-term time management. Write down the deadlines for projects, or for tasks that are part of completing the overall project. Think about which days might be best to dedicate to specific tasks. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 31  6. Remove non-essential activities Determine what is significant and what deserves your time. Removing non-essential tasks/activities frees up more of your time to be spent on genuinely important things 7. Plan ahead Make sure you start every day with a clear idea of what you need to do – what needs to get done THAT DAY. Consider making it a habit to, at the end of each workday, go ahead and write out your “to- do” list for the next workday. Implication of Poor Time Management a. Poor workflow The inability to plan and stick to goals means poor efficiency. For example, if there are several important tasks to complete, an effective plan would be to complete related tasks together or sequentially. However, if you don’t plan, you could end up having to jump back and forth, or backtrack, in doing your work. That translates to reduced efficiency and lower productivity b. Wasted time Poor time management results in wasted time. For example, by talking to friends on social media while doing an assignment, you are distracting yourself and wasting time. c. Loss of control By not knowing what the next task is, you suffer from loss of control of your life. That can contribute to higher stress levels and anxiety. d. Poor quality of work Poor time management typically makes the quality of your work suffer. For example, having to rush to complete tasks at the last minute usually compromises quality. e. Poor reputation HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 32  If clients or your employer cannot rely on you to complete tasks in a timely manner, their expectations and perceptions of you are adversely affected. If a client cannot rely on you to get something done on time, they will likely take their business elsewhere. HAR 2102 (Leadership and Management in Different Art Fields) 33