21st Century Literature Reviewer PDF

- Propaganda Literature - La Solidaridad, Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo...

- Propaganda Literature - La Solidaridad, Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo 2. American Period LESSON 1 - Poetry - focuses on societal change - Drama - degrades the Spanish rule What is Literature? 3. Japanese Period - Literature/litteratura - Poetry - love for country and work - Any written work - Fiction - An expression of human experiences, - Drama written in words, well-chosen, and - Newspaper arranged. - Essay Characteristics of Literature - what makes Pre-Colonial Period - the earliest era literature a literature? - Oral Literature - Proverbs, Tanaga, Riddles 1. Universality - it appeals to everyone. - Folktales - Myths, Epics, Fables, and “Great literature is timeless and timely.” Folk Songs 2. Artistry - has an aesthetic appeal to everyone and thus possesses a sense of Contemporary Period - started after the beauty. EDSA People Power Revolution 3. Intellectual Value - stimulates critical thinking that enriches the mental processes of abstract and reasoning, making man realize the fundamental truth of life and nature 4. Suggestiveness - unravels and conjures LESSON 2 one man’s emotional power to define The poem “Padre Faura witnesses the symbolism and those alike. Execution of Jose Rizal” was written by Denton 5. Spiritual Value - has the power to Remoto motivate and inspire 6. Permanence - determined by a written Federico Faura - “Padre Faura,” the mentor of work’s ability to stand the test of time Jose Rizal 7. Style - distinct way the author expresses his or her thoughts Jose Rizal’s pen names: Pepe, Laong Laan, Dimasalang, Ute Writing Style of William Shakespeare - Iambic pentameter (each line has 10 Jose Rizal was executed on December 30, 1896 syllables. The stress is at 2, 4, 6, 8, and at 7:18am. His last words were “Consummatum 10) Est.” - Blank verse - He was shot twice by Filipino soldiers. The second shot was a “mercy” shot to ERAS OF LITERATURE end his suffering. 1. Spanish Period - He was confirmed to have been - Religious - Pasyon (kinakanta), prepared to die due to his normal heart Senakulo (pasyon but acted out), rate. Komedya (the war between muslims and Christians) Metaphor - a figurative language that tries to - Secular: compare two things without using the words - Awit (realism, 12 syllables, slow tempo “as” or “like.”; a direct comparison. - Korido (8 syllables, fast tempo) - Prose Narrative realism, natural tempo Poetry - a literary art where the evocative and aesthetic qualities of language are brought out in line or together. Relies heavily on imagery, Chekhov’s Gun - when you introduce intimacy, and sound effect devices. something at the first part, you must use that - The opposite of prose as prose does not by the end of your story. use figurative language. - According to the playwright Anton Chekhov, “if in the first act you have ELEMENTS OF POETRY: hung a pistol on the wall, then in the 1. STANZA - composed of a series of lines. following one it should be fired. Usually divided by space. Otherwise, don’t put it there.” 2. RHYME - similar sounding words at the end of each line SECTORS WHERE YOU MAY SEE GENDER 3. RHYME SCHEME - pattern of rhyming INEQUALITY words per stanza 1. EDUCATION - Women have been 4. RHYTHM - the pitch and delivery of the discouraged to pursue education in lines history. 5. TONE - the author’s feelings. Contrary 2. WORK - women are expected to take to mood, which focuses on the reader’s care of the children and household feelings. work, whether they work or stay at 6. IMAGERY - vivid description used to home. illustrate the images 3. FAMILY LIFE - women are expected to - Visual Imagery - description submit to their husbands and fathers. given by our eyes Also, double standards in sexual - Auditory - what we hear conduct. - Kinesthetic - movements - Ex. Robin Padilla’s recent hearing - Olfactory - smell - Gustatory - Taste - Tactile - how we feel when we touch something LESSON 4 Ralph Semino Galan - author of the poem Unlocking of terms: LESSON 3 1. Impartiality (noun) - fairness Daryll Delgado - she was born and raised in 2. Magistrate (noun) - heads who establish Tacloban City but resides in Quezon city with the laws their husband (William). 3. Culpability (noun) - responsibility for - Works for an international NGO, heads wrongdoing or failure. the research programs for SEA and 4. Accoutrement (noun) - an accessory or writes global labor rights. equipment - Her first book: After the body displaces 5. Derision (noun) - a state of being water (USTPH, 2012) which won an ridiculed. award Symbolism - When the author uses an object Concubinage - unfaithful relationship by a or reference to add deeper meaning to a story. married man with a woman called a concubine. This is only applicable when the Some symbols in the poem: husband houses the concubine. 1. Blindfold - impartiality - Pardon: forgiving the concubine and 2. Double edged sword - the good and bad husband by the wife outcomes of law - Consent: allowing the husband to cheat 3. Scales of Justice - balance of Adultery - when a married woman has an justice/equality outside relationship with a man called a paramour. Unsaying - when the writer did not directly say it, allowing them to take it back or depend solely on the readers’ understanding. Marxism - in literary criticism is about class - Adaptations enable the general public struggle. to open up new perspectives and using new avenues of storytelling. Hegemony - leadership or dominance by a group or one country over others. 3 Types of Irony 1. Verbal Irony - when something that is said actually means the opposite. Typically employed when people are sarcastic or are involved in wordplay. Vancouver - first few years as a caregiver to 2. Situational Irony - when what we the Choi family expect to happen turns out to be the - Allowed to open the doors for her family opposite. - Two years later, got the permit 3. Dramatic Irony - When the character is residence for her family misled about what happened while the - Two years later, family moved due to audience has full knowledge of it. huge amount of paperwork - Miguel, 15, waiting to turn 16 to get a job Written by Gabriela Lee - Inception reference?!?! - Spam used to be a novelty to eat, is now Artificial Intelligence - according to B.J. an everyday food. Copeland, “AI is the ability of a digital - “He was asleep” - “I couldnt sleep last computer or computer-controlled robot to night” perform tasks commonly associated with - Miguel’s humilitaton with Shaughnessy intelligent beings.” and Isabela’s pronunciation - Headphones as his best friend. Freytag’s Pyramid - by Gustav Freytag. It is a conceptual framework of storytelling. Waiting by Ron Darvin PARTS OF FREYTAG’S PYRAMID: Ron Darvin - assistant professor in transitional 1. Exposition - the introduction of the language and literacy education across the life major fictional elements—the setting, course characters, style, etc. - Committed to advancing decolonial, 2. Inciting Incident - part of the story antiracist, and anti-oppressive that is an unexpected event and starts pedagogies the plot movement. 3. Rising Action - series of events that When does soon begin? strengthen the conflict. 4. Climax - the most exciting moment Characters: when the main character faces the 1. Isabel - 41 year old woman, former conflict. teacher, and former wife to Roberto 5. Falling Action - the aftermath of the who went abroad to look for a job climax. It is when the author ties up 2. Miguel - a 15 year old boy who is the son loose ends. of Isabel and Roberto 6. Resolution - the moment that the 3. Roberto - a man who is also around his character gets closure. 40s, former husband of Isabel. 7. Denouement - it is the ending. Creative Adaptation - the translation of a literary work such as a poem, novel, short story, or play into another genre. - Some adaptations are The Hunger Games series, Sherlock Holmes.