Nursing Informatics: PDF

NURSING INFORMATICS Prepared by: Fatima Sheryl Agcaoili, RN Josephine D. Lorica, DPA, RN What is informatics? Informatics is the science and art of turning data into information (Bemmel and Musen, 1997).  Informatics ( Healt...

NURSING INFORMATICS Prepared by: Fatima Sheryl Agcaoili, RN Josephine D. Lorica, DPA, RN What is informatics? Informatics is the science and art of turning data into information (Bemmel and Musen, 1997).  Informatics ( Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), 2019)  Study of the structure, behavior and interactions of natural and engineered computational systems.  Studies the representation, processing and communication of information in natural and engineered systems  Has computational, cognitive and social aspects Health Informatics (US National Library of Medicine, 2014) Interdisciplinary study of the design, development, adoption, and application of IT-based innovations in health care services delivery, management and planning What is NURSING INFORMATICS? (American Nurses Association, 2001)  A specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science, to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice.  facilitates the integration of data, information and knowledge to support patients, nurses and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology. What is NURSING INFORMATICS?  Computer science, information science, and nursing science combined to assist in the management and processing of nursing data, information, and knowledge to support the practice of nursing and the delivery of nursing care. Nursing Informatics (Canadian Nurses Association, 2018)  practice and science of integrating nursing information and knowledge with technology to manage and integrate health information  Goal: improve health of people and communities while reducing costs Nursing Informatics (ANA, 2019; HIMSS, 2019)  “specialtythat integrates nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage and communicate data, information, knowledge and wisdom in nursing practice.” Historical perspectives in Nursing Informatics  Nursing informatics emerged as a response to the innovations and development in technologies in the health care industry and in nursing practice.  THERE ARE SIX (6) IMPORTANT TIME PERIODS IN THE HISTORY OF NURSING INFORMATICS 1. Before the 1960s 4. The 1980s 2. The 1960s 5. The 1990s 3. The 1970s 6. After 2000s Before the 1960s  Computers were initially used in the health care facilities for basic business office functions.  Early computers used punch cards to store data and card readers to read computer programs, sort and prepare data for processing. Computers used around the 50s to 60s The 1960s  Studies were conducted to determine the effective utilization of the computer technology in health care industry and to identify the areas of nursing that needs to be automated.  Hospital Information Systems (HIS) were developed primarily to process financial transactions and serve as billing and accounting systems. The 1970s  Nurses recognized the computer’s potential for improving documentation of nursing practice, the quality of patient care and the repetitive aspects of managing patient care.  Nurses assisted in designing several mainframes for the Health Information Systems (HIS)  Computers used in financial and management functions were perceived as cost-saving technologies.  Many of the early Health Information Systems (HIS) were developed and funded by contractors and grants from federal agencies in the United States. The 1980s  Nursing informatics became an accepted specialty and many nursing experts entered the field.  Discharge planning systems were developed and used as referrals to community health care facilities in the continuum of care.  Microcomputers/PCs emerged in this period. The 1990s  In 1992, Nursing Informatics was approved by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a new nursing speciality. (McCormick, et al., 1994)  This was the period that brought laptops and notebooks to the bedside and all of the point-of-care settings.  Local Area Networks (LANs) were developed for hospital nursing units. Wide Area Networks (WANs) were developed for linking care across health care facilities. Internet was also started to be used. After the 2000s  Clinical Information Systems became individualized in the electronic patient record (EPR) or also known as electronic health record.  The internet has also provided a means for development of clinical applications.  Home health care has also increasingly partnered information technology for the provision of patient care.  Telenursing, is increasing in popularity and providing patient care in an efficient NI Philippine Evolution (Pe Benito, n.d.)  1999: Development of Standards for health Information in the Philippines (SHIP)  2005: Formation of Master of Science in Health Informatics  2009: CMO No. 14. Policies and Standards for BSN – Informatics (2/1) is offered as part of the Math, Nat Sci & IT  2010: Formation of the Philippine Nursing Informatics > Sub-specialty organization of PNA for nursing Informatics  2017: CMO 15 – CHED Policy, Standards f and Guidelines for BSN Program > NI as a major subject (NCM110) = 2 (1) Why the Trend towards Informatics (HIMSS, 2018)  Increasingly present in our profession due to changing and advancing technology  Healthcare systems are integrating technology daily practice at very fast pace  Security and patient privacy must be upheld while achieving the goal of transforming data into useful knowledge Advantages of NI  Shared data  Centralized control  Disadvantages of redundancy in control  Improved data integrity  Improved data security & database systems  Flexible conceptual design Role of Informatics in Nursing? (HIMSS, 2014)  Help identify potential problems earlier  Identifying changes in patient status can occur quickly  Information is readily available  Data are interpreted, systematized and arranged  Formalize an appropriate plan of action  Aligns nursing best practice with clinical workflows & care  Improves clinical policies, protocols, processes & procedures Role of Informatics in Nursing? (HIMSS, 2014)  Strengthen nurses ’clinical decision-making skills  Enhance nursing practice  Quicker access to patient information  Improve overall efficiency  Reduction in potential errors  Has potential to change nursing practice for the better – patient care delivery Metastructures of Nursing Informatics DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE WISDOM DATA  Raw, uninterrupted fact, without meaning  Building blocks to create information Information  Group of data elements that have been organized and processed so that one can interpret the significance of the data elements.  Dataand Information are both building blocks in producing knowledge. Knowledge  Built on a formalization of the relationships and interrelationships between data and information.  This is the part where you understand the information. Wisdom  Knowledge used to make appropriate decisions and acting on those decisions.  Itis the appropriate use of data, information, and knowledge in making decisions and implementing nursing actions. GROUP WORK Discuss the similarity of the DIKW to the nursing process. Provide some examples. Powerpoint presentation to be presented next meeting ☺ THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! ☺ REFERENCES  American Nurses Association. (2001). Scope and Standards for Nursing Informatics Practice. Silver Spring, MD: Nursesbooks.org.  American Nurses Association. (2008). Nursing Informatics: Scope and Standards of Practice. Slivers Springs, MD: Nursesbooks.org.  American Nurses Association. (2015). Nursing Informatics: Scope and Standards of Practice. (2nd, Ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Nursingbooks.org.  Blum, B. (1989). Medical informatics - Phase II. In H. Orthner, & B. Blum (eds.), Implementing Health Care Information Systems (p. 24). New York, NY: Springer- Verlag,  Blum, B. L. (1986). Clinical Information Systems. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.  Englebardt, S., & Nelson, R. (2002). Health care informatics: An interdisciplinary approach. St Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc.  Graves, J., & Corcoran, S. (1989 Winter). The study of nursing informatics. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing & Scholarship, 21(4), 227-231.  Nelson, R., & Joos, I. (1989 Fall). On language in nursing: From data to wisdom. PLN Vision, p. 6.