Lesson 1 - Introduction to Health Informatics and its Importance PDF

Lesson 1 Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Health Informatics Course NUR 351 Dr. Sally M.Farghaly  1 ‫شريحة‬ Objectives By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: Define health i...

Lesson 1 Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Health Informatics Course NUR 351 Dr. Sally M.Farghaly  1 ‫شريحة‬ Objectives By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: Define health informatics related concepts. Determine the Nursing Informatics Framework. Recognize the Application of Health Informatics in Nursing. Identify the benefits of health informatics in nursing. Determine role of nurse informatics according to ANA.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance “ Computers are incredibly fast, accurate, and stupid. Human beings are incredibly slow, inaccurate, and brilliant. Together they are powerful beyond imagination “  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Introduction Over the past four decades, the field of informatics has become the focus of a large body of research, theory development. In order to address both the visible and hidden aspects of informatics in nursing.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Informatics – science that combines: Domain science Computer science Information science Cognitive science It denotes an application of computer science and information science to the management and processing of data, information, and knowledge in the named discipline.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics defined as: Nursing Knowledge & Information “is a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to Nursing manage and communicate data, information, Informatics knowledge and wisdom in nursing practice. Information & Nursing Communication Practice Technologies  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics supports consumers, patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Health informatics: It is use of information technology (software) in combination with information management concept methods to support delivery of health care. Umbrella term encompassing medical, nursing dental and pharmacy informatics among others.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance A healthcare information system (or HIS) Define a Healthcare Information System (HIS) as a system for holding and updating patient-related information and records, clinically as well as administratively oriented. refers to any system that stores and manages information related to the health of individuals from different sources, such as hospitals, clinics, doctors, and all other organizations that work in the health sector.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance A healthcare information system (or HIS) So a HIS creates, sends, receives, processes, and stores information about patients. This is done by taking data as input from the healthcare worker, then processing it and generating useful information as output to help improving the quality and effectiveness of medical services.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance A healthcare information system (or HIS) Nowadays, it seems inevitable that we exploit the Internet in all aspects of our modem life, and in particular, the applications in the health sector, where all local networks in hospitals, clinics, etc. are interconnected to enable each healthcare organization to have access to the same medical records stored in one central place.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance A healthcare information system (or HIS) The management of HIS is based on cataloging, maintaining, transmitting, and comparing a significant amount of data and information. HIS requires effective storing and efficient retrieval of electronic medical records, which is the best way to guarantee secure access to a central database full of all the medical data.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics Conceptual Framework The main concepts in nursing informatics theory are: A. Data is a single observation or discrete entities that are described objectively without interpretation" and would include some value assigned to a variable.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Measures to insure data integrity include Education of personnel who collect and enter data System checks to ensure accurate data entry and data completeness Data verification techniques. Measures to minimize the entry of fraudulent information  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics Conceptual Framework B. Information: Is data that have been organized and interpreted. It reflects interpretation, organization, or structuring of data. Information is the result of processing data. For example, if a child's height and weight are recorded on a standardized growth chart during each well child visit, you can interpret whether the growth pattern is normal or abnormal Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Characteristics of quality information are: 1. complete and clear in its descriptions 2. accurate 3. measurable, preferably by objective means such as numbers 4. verifiable by independent observers 5. promptly entered 6. rapidly and easily available when needed…  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics Conceptual Framework C. Knowledge: is the synthesis of information derived from several sources to produce a single concept or idea. Knowledge provides a basis for logical decision-making. D. Wisdom: is defined as the appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems. It is knowing when and how to apply knowledge to deal with complex problems or specific human need  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing Informatics Conceptual Framework E. Data Management: involves control, retrieval and use of data. Key issues related to data management include organization-of data to maximize its usefulness, insuring accuracy and safeguarding integrity F. Processing: It is transformation of data from one form to another, usually at a more complex level of meaning or organization. Information processing includes gathering, interpreting and synthesizing data to produce knowledge and/or make decisions. This occurs when data are transformed into information and information to knowledge.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Relationship of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Applied: I’d better stop the car Context: The traffic light I am driving towards has turned red Context: South facing traffic light on corner of Pitt and George streets has turned red Raw: Red  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance An example, an instance of vital signs for an individual can be considered a set of data. A serial set of vital sign taken over time, placed into a context, and used for longitudinal comparisons is considered information. That is, a dropping blood pressure, increasing heart rate, respiratory rate, and fever in an elderly, catheterized person. Recognition that the person may be septic and, therefore may need certain nursing interventions reflects information synthesis (knowledge) based on nursing knowledge and experience  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Goal of nursing informatics It is important that nurses should understand technology benefits and problem, and how it will affect their practice. Why informatics important to nursing? 1. Make nursing practice visible in local, national and international health care sets. 2. Empowering nurses with informatics to influence policy. 3. Information is a critical component of effective decision making and high quality of nursing practice.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Why informatics important to nursing? 4. Information gained through nursing informatics increase awareness& understanding of nursing& health care issues. 5. It is committed to maintain a clinical perspective. 6. It is promoting research that would be directly on improving patient care. Application of nursing informatics Practice. Education. Administration. Research.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Nursing informatics can be applied to all area of nursing practice include; Clinical practice Recording of patient assessment data in an electronic health record. Computer - generated nursing care plans Automatic billing for supplies or procedures Clinical practice Automated staff scheduling E-mail for improved communication Cost analysis and finding trends for budget purposes Quality assurance and outcomes analysis  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Education Computerized record-keeping Computerized-assisted instruction Interactive video technology Distance Learning-Web based courses and degree programs Presentation software for preparing slides and handouts-PowerPoint and MS Word Research The ability to find trends in aggregate data, that is data derived from large population groups-Statistical Software, SPSS.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Benefits of nursing informatics 1. Improve access to the medical record. 2. Decreased redundancy of data entry. 3. Decreased time spent in documentation. 4. Facilitation of data collection for research. 5. Improved communication between all health care providers 6. Improve patient care outcome by creating and using aggregated data prevent errors, easing working condition and better healthcare records 7. Making the storage and retrieval of health care records much easier, quicker retrieval  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Roles of a Nurse Informatics according to American Nurses Association: 1. The nurse begins to make design for stored information. 2. The nurse analyzes this information to identify progress of patient or help in decision making. 3. Nurse become informatics nurse specialist and found many opportunities to work in this field. 4. Become responsible for center computer or informatics system in hospital that guides all staff through connection with all computer of hospital. 5. Support nursing work processes using technology. 6. Re-engineer clinical work flow and facilitate change management. 7. Analyze clinical and financial data.  Introduction of Health Informatics and Its Importance Roles of a Nurse Informatics according to American Nurses Association: 6. Promote and facilitate access to resources and references. 7. Provide nursing content to standardized languages. 8. Enhance continuity of care. 9. Improve relationship between providers and recipients of health care. 10. Enable cost savings and productivity goals. 11. Monitor their patient outcomes by using automated clinical pathways. 12. Nurse researchers can access decision support systems such as knowledge about diabetic care or maintain information using database management tools. 13. Use of technology to prevent medication errors by having the ordering provider directly enters an order into the computer system. References 1. Susan A, Karen H, and Frith H: Applied Clinical Informatics for nurses, (2019) 2nd ed. 9781284129250 128412925X. 2. Altarum Institute (2017). Health sector economic indicators: Insights from monthly national health spending data through December 2016. Retrieved from http://altarum.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-related-files/CSHS- Spending-Brief_February_2017.pdf 3. International Council of Nurses. (2015). International classification for nursing practice (ICNP) informationsheet. Retrieved from http://www.icn.ch/images/stories /documents/pillars/Practice/icnp/ICNP_FAQs.pdf 4. Mary Jo Bowie, Essentials of Health Information Management: Principles and Practices, (2021) 4th Edition. ISBN-13: 978-1337553674/ ISBN-10: 1337553670 References 5. Dana C. McWay, Legal and Ethical Aspects of Health Information Management, 5th Edition, (2020), ISBN-10 : 0357361547/ ISBN-13 : 978-0357361542 (newer version added) 6. Susan M. Houston, Tina Dieckhaus, Bob Kirchner, and Renee Rook wood; An Introduction to Nursing Informatics Evolution and Innovation, (2015) ISBN: 978-1-4987-5751-5 Thank You