Overview of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines PDF

Overview of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines “IN THE EYES OF SERVICE” Portia A. Evangelista, PHD MAN RN Discussant- College of Nursing  COURSE PLAN COURSE NCM 104 CODE COURSE COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING LECTURE /CHN1 (Individual and Famil...

Overview of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines “IN THE EYES OF SERVICE” Portia A. Evangelista, PHD MAN RN Discussant- College of Nursing  COURSE PLAN COURSE NCM 104 CODE COURSE COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING LECTURE /CHN1 (Individual and Family as TITLE Clients) PRE-REQUISI NCM 101, NCM 102, NCM 103 TE CREDIT UNITS & CONTACT Theory ,2 Units (36 hours); Skills Lab-1 Unit (51 Hours) Clinical -1 unit HOURS (51hours) COURSE DESCRIPTION This course deals with concepts, principles, theories and techniques in the provision of basic care in terms of health promotion, disease prevention, restoration and maintenance and rehabilitations at the individual and family level. It includes the study of the Philippine Health Care Delivery System, national health situation and the global context of public health. The learners are expected to provide safe, appropriate and holistic nursing care  Public Health Is a science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency thru’ organized community effort for 1. Sanitation of the environment 2. Control of communicable diseases 3. Education of individuals in personal hygiene 4. Organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases 5. Development of social machinery to ensure everyone a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health, so organizing these benefits as to enable every citizen to realize his birthright off birth and longevity” ( DR. C.E. Winslow)  Public Health Nurses on the go! DOH will only hire 11,795 nurses for Human Resource for Health (HRH) Program under National Health Workforce Support System (NHWSS) in 2023  Public Health Nursing ❑ Is the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences. ❑ Evaluations are conducted to determine the extent to which the intervention has an impact on the health status of individuals and the population. ❑ Public health nurses are trained and educated to assess the population overall of the world. Whereas the community of health nurse's knowledge lies within assessing the needs of individuals and families within the population that they work. ❑ Public Health includes community health.  Community Health ❑ Part of paramedical and medical intervention/approach which is concerned on the health of the whole population. ❑ Aims: 1. Health promotion 2. Disease prevention 3. Management of factors affecting health  Definition of Community Health Nursing “The utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele-individuals, families, population groups and communities, concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability and rehabilitation.” ( Maglaya, et al) Goal: “To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximize their potential for high-level wellness” ( Nisce, et al) Definition of Community Health Nursing Special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health and some phases of social assistance and functions as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and disability ( WHO Expert Committee of Nursing) A learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of contributing as individuals and in collaboration with others to the promotion of the client’s optimum level of functioning thru’ teaching and delivery of care (Johnson)  Definition of Community Health Nursing A service rendered by a professional nurse to IFCs, population groups in health centers, clinics, schools , workplace for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation (DR. Ruth B. Freeman) Philosophy of CHN “The philosophy of CHN is based on the worth and dignity on the worth and dignity of man.”(Dr. M. Shetland)  Basic Principles of CHN 1. The community is the patient in CHN, the family is the unit of care and there are four levels of clientele: individual, family, population group (those who share common characteristics, developmental stages and common exposure to health problems – e.g. children, elderly), and the community. 2. In CHN, the client is considered as an ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE recipient of care 3. CHN practice is affected by developments in health technology, in particular, changes in society, in general 4. The goal of CHN is achieved through multi-sectoral efforts 5. CHN is a part of health care system and the larger human services system. Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines Date Event 1901- Act # 157 ( Board of Health of the Philippines) ; Act # 309 ( Provincial and Municipal Boards of Health) were created. 1905- Board of Health was abolished; functions were transferred to the Bureau of Health. 1912- Act # 2156 or Fajardo Act created the Sanitary Divisions, the forerunners of present MHOs; male nurses performs the functions of doctors 1919- Act # 2808 (Nurses Law was created) - Carmen del Rosario , 1st Fil. Nurse supervisor under Bureau of Health Oct. 22, 1922- Filipino Nurses Organization (PhilippineNurses’Organization) was organized.  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 1923 – Zamboanga General Hospital School of Nursing & Baguio General Hospital were established; other government schools of nursing were organized several years after. 1928- 1st Nursing convention was held 1940 – Manila Health Department was created. 1941 – Dr. Mariano Icasiano became the first city health officer; Office of Nursing was created through the effort of Vicenta Ponce (chief nurse) and Rosario Ordiz (assistant chief nurse)  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines Dec. 8, 1941 – Victims of World War II were treated by the nurses of Manila. July 1942 – Nursing Office was created; Dr. Eusebio Aguilar helped in the release of 31 Filipino nurses in Bilibid Prison as prisoners of war by the Japanese. Feb. 1946 – Number of nurses decreased from 556 – 308. 1948 – First training center of the Bureau of Health was organized by the Pasay City Health Department. Trinidad Gomez, Marcela Gabatin, Costancia Tuazon, Ms. Bugarin, Ms. Ramos, and Zenaida Nisce composed the training staff.  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 1950 – Rural Health Demonstration and Training Center was created. 1953 – The first 81 rural health units were organized. 1957 – RA 1891 amended some sections of RA 1082 and created the eight categories of rural health unit causing an increase in the demand for the community health personnel. 1958-1965 – Division of Nursing was abolished (RA 977) and Reorganization Act (EO 288)  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 1961 – Annie Sand organized the National League of Nurses of DOH. 1967 – Zenaida Nisce became the nursing program supervisor and consultant on the six special diseases (TB, leprosy, V.D., cancer, filariasis, and mental health illness). 1975 – Scope of responsibility of nurses and midwives became wider due to restructuring of the health care delivery system. 1976-1986 – The need for Rural Health Practice Program was implemented. 1990- 1992- Local Government Code of 1991(RA 7160)  Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 1993-1998 – Office of Nursing did not materialize in spite of persistent recommendation of the officers, board members, and advisers of the National League of Nurses Inc. Jan. 1999 – Nelia Hizon was positioned as the nursing adviser at the Office of Public Health Services through Department Order # 29. May 24, 1999 – EO # 102, which redirects the functions and operations of DOH, was signed by former President Joseph Estrada. Roles of the PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE Clinician, who is a health care provider, taking care of the sick people at home or in the RHU Health Educator, who aims towards health promotion and illness prevention through dissemination of correct information; educating people Facilitator, who establishes multi-sectoral linkages by referral system Supervisor, who monitors and supervises the performance of midwives Health Advocator, who speaks on behalf of the client Advocator, who act on behalf of the client Collaborator, who working with other health team member  In the event that the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) is unable to perform his duties/functions or is not available, the Public Health Nurse will take charge of the MHO’s responsibilities.  Responsibilities of CHN 1. Be a part in developing an overall health plan, its implementation and evaluation for communities 2. Provide quality nursing services to the three levels of clientele 3.Maintain coordination/linkages with other health team members, NGO/government agencies in the provision of public health services 4. Conduct researches relevant to CHN services to improve provision of health care 5. Provide opportunities for professional growth and continuing education for staff development