Dental Conditions Gr. 12 PDF

COMMON DENTAL CONDITIONS 0  Define These Terms! Oral Health Gingivitis Periodontitis Masticate Dental Decay Plaque Halitosis  Dental Terminology Oral Health - the overall health of the mouth, including teeth and gums. It involves the absence of diseases, su...

COMMON DENTAL CONDITIONS 0  Define These Terms! Oral Health Gingivitis Periodontitis Masticate Dental Decay Plaque Halitosis  Dental Terminology Oral Health - the overall health of the mouth, including teeth and gums. It involves the absence of diseases, such as cavities, gum disease, and oral infections Gingivitis - inflammation, redness, & bleeding of the gums, often caused by plaque buildup Periodontitis - inflammation and breakdown of the gums, teeth and surrounding bone Masticate - is the process of chewing food in preparation for swallowing and digestion. Dental Decay - the breakdown of tooth structure caused by bacteria in the mouth that produce acids from sugar, leading to cavities. Plaque - a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth and gums, contributing to tooth decay and gum disease. Halitosis - bad breath Dental Plaque Dental plaque is a sticky, fuzzy colorless or pale yellow film that constantly forms on teeth. Bacteria in plaque can cause cavities, gingivitis and halitosis  GINGIVITIS 04 Gingivitis Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums Often caused by plaque buildup on the teeth. Appears as red, swelling, and bleeding gums. Gingivitis can vary from mild, moderate to severe Treatment Professional Dental Cleaning: Removal of plaque and tartar through regular cleanings. Oral Hygiene instruction- Oral Homecare regime  PERIODONTITIS 6 Periodontitis Bacterial infection that attacks soft tissue and bone supporting teeth Bone dissolves around teeth leading to tooth loss if untreated Presents as mild & can progress to moderate and severe forms of periodontitis Causes Poor oral hygiene, leading to plaque buildup Smoking Genetics or family history of gum disease Diabetes Hormonal changes Certain medications Frequent, uncontrolled clenching or grinding of the teeth Periodontitis Treatment Non-Surgical Treatments Scaling and Root Planing: ○ Deep cleaning to remove plaque and tartar from above and below the gumline. Antibiotics: ○ Topical or oral antibiotics may be prescribed for advanced cases Surgical Treatments Flap Surgery (Pocket Reduction Surgery): ○ Lifting back the gums to remove tartar and reducing the space between the gum and tooth. Bone and Tissue Grafts: ○ Regenerative procedures to restore lost bone and gum tissue using grafts.  Dental Decay 03 Dental Decay-cavity Bacteria involved Streptococcus mutans. Dental decay is a hole that forms in the enamel of the tooth. It starts small and gradually increases in size penetrating the tooth surface when left untreated. Cause Poor oral hygiene, leading to plaque buildup Frequent consumption of sugary or acidic foods and drinks Inadequate fluoride intake Dry mouth or reduced saliva production often due to medication, illness  Cavity Progression Image 1 - enamel decay Image 2 - decay progression entering the dentin Image 3 - further progression approaching pulp chamber - sometimes requires root canal treatment Rampant Decay Multiple cavities that develop and spread rapidly May be due to poor oral hygiene Excessive sugar intake Substance abuse or a combination of above Impacted Wisdom Teeth Bruxism Occurs from clenching and grinding Can be mild, moderate to severe Treatment may be an oral appliance or mouthguard to stop the progression Dental Specialties Dental Anaesthesia Dental Public Health Endodontics Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oral Medicine and Pathology Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Pediatric Dentistry Periodontics Prosthodontics  Research Dental Treatment Research Task 0