PATHFIT1 Prelims: First Quarter Reviewer PDF

PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO IT IS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE AGAINST PHYSICAL EDUCATION DISEA...

PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO IT IS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE AGAINST PHYSICAL EDUCATION DISEASE many doctors today agree that obesity WHAT IS PHYSICAL EDUCATION? is a serious health risk. vital part of the total education of all without any form of diet management individuals throughout their academic and control with the numerous journey. processed foods student’s intake every renders meaningful learning day compounded by a sedentary experiences which help in the lifestyle. enhancement of every student's academic performance, mental IT IS A PROGRAM FOR MUSCLE STRENGTH alertness, readiness, and enthusiasm AND FITNESS for learning. physical education develops the student’s motor skills and hand-eye “PHYSICAL” coordination. related to the body and its also develops the upper body muscles characteristics. through activities like doing push up as well as the lower body muscles through “EDUCATION” stationary jumping jacks, 3min running instructions or training for a particular and jumping exercises. Programs task. usually have core training exercises also like doing abdominal crunches. AIMS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IT PROMOTES ACADEMIC LEARNING a) develop student’s physical competence physical health allows students to and knowledge of movement and safety function even better in classrooms. and their ability to use these to perform a good cardiovascular system in a wide range of activities. developed from regular promotes excellent blood and exercise oxygen MAJOR GOAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION circulation. This means more nutrients circulate through out the body which MOTOR SKILLS includes the brain. is a function that involves specific this circulation produces longer movements of body muscles to perform attention span during classes allowing a certain task. longer concentration and absorption. 7 REASONS WHY PHYSICAL EDUCATION IS IMPORTANT GOOD HEALTH the value of physical fitness can never be overstated. It is only in physical educational classrooms that students learn the value of taking care of themselves thru proper grooming, healthy eating and regular exercise. -TIPS FOR STAYING HEALTHY- IT BUILDS SELF-ESTEEM Eat variety of nutrient-rich foods. Students who are active in physical Eat moderate portions. activities like basketball, volleyball, DO NOT skip meals. martials arts and running just to name a DO NOT eliminate certain foods. few are more confident with themselves Foods are not good or bad. according to most social school studies. Drink water. It's probably because of the self- Avoid too much caffeine. discipline and dedication to excel in a sport that brings out the best in students.  PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s students learn communication skills and how to collaborate together as a group. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT through physical education activities the students gradually learn to manage themselves and acts wisely with courage when exposed to stressful and emotional situations. IT DEVELOPS COOPERATION, TEAMWORK, MENTAL DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTSMANSHIP SKILL through physical education activities most physical education programs are learners acquire knowledge and holistic. understanding of rules and strategies of the program allows students to interact the games, sports, and dance together to a common goal and that is instructions. to win and excel physically. Varied activities in physical education it brings out competitive sides of help the student’s development their students working both body and mind ability to analyze body movements, but also promotes sportsmanship. skills, and game situations. IT PROMOTES A PHYSICALLY ACTIVE SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT LIFESTYLE Integrated efforts by health and the purpose of physical education is to physical education programs can instill in students, at an early age, the highlight the importance of spiritual value of self-preservation and choosing concepts like critical awareness, a lifestyle that is good for both the mind contemplation, purposeful living nature, and body. acceptance, transparency, awareness, tolerance, resiliency, experience, GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL community, and the critical role of the EDUCATION body, mind, and spirit to holistic health. a) to develop the movement potential of each individual to an optimum level LEGAL BASES OF PHYSICAL b) to develop a basic understanding and EDUCATION appreciation of human movement. c) to develop and maintain the optimal The International Charter of Physical physical fitness and productivity of the Education and Sport UNESCO states individual. that the practice of physical education d) to develop skills, knowledge, and and sports is a basic right for all. attitudes active participation The right to improve people’s physical, engagement in varied fitness activities. intellectual and moral prowess through physical education and sport must be 5 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL ensured within the educational system EDUCATION and in other aspects of social life. To do this, a legal framework is drafted PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT relative to inclusion of physical through the carefully selected physical education within the school curricula. activities an individual who participates actively will develop and maintain good THE PURPOSES OF PHYSICAL healthy and optimum level of physical EDUCATION fitness. a) to involve the learner in a wide range of SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT movement, knowledge, and skill- physical education provides more than building experiences, just exercise for students. b) to contribute to the learner’s growing value system and his/her development of responsible attitude and behavior essential to a healthy lifestyle.  PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s c) to promote understanding of and CHAPTER 2: CORE TRAINING appreciation for the differences among people in physical activity settings. WHAT IS THE CORE? d) to develop the habit of regularly it is the central part of the body. participating in physical activity as part the stomach muscles sometimes of health enhancing person fitness plan. called abs. e) To expand options for wise use of it is the lumbo-pelvic and hip. leisure time. i. center of Gravity is located here. ii. where all movements begin. ARTICLE XIV, SECTION 19, 1987 CONSTITUTION OF REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ” That state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs league competitions and amateur sports in including training for international competition to foster self- discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.” “All education institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country and in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.” TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS ACTION: Stabilization & Compression. RECTUS ABDOMINIS ACTION: Flexion of trunk.  PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL OBLIQUES As respondents have experienced, lack ACTION: Lumbar flexion, Side of movement or physical activity has (lateral), and rotation of trunk. implications on our health. The World Health Organization (WHO) notes that regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and manage non- communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and several cancers. It also helps prevent hypertension, maintains healthy body weight, and can improve mental health, quality of life, and well-being. GLOBAL RECOMMENDATIONS RATIONALE FOR CORE TRAINING children and adolescents (5-17 years old) should have 60 minutes or more a) will improve posture, muscle balance, physical activity daily. and stabilization. adults (18-64 years old) should do at b) help prevent low back pain. least 150 minutes a week of vigorous c) help prevent the development of activity. muscle imbalances and inefficient neuromuscular control. POSTURE AND CORE STABILITY d) all movement starts here. refers to the relative position of the body and/or the arrangement of its body FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS parts at any movement. (FMS) TYPES OF SPINAL CURVES these are basic observable patterns of behaviors present from childhood to KYPHOTIC CURVES adulthood. is characterized by an exaggeration of the curve on the thoracic region. NON-LOCOMOTOR SKILLS in adults, kyphosis can be caused by also known as stabilization skills. degenerative disease of the spines, these are controlled bodily movements. fractures caused by osteoporosis, and injury(trauma). LOCOMOTOR SKILLS transporting the body from one place to LORDOTIC CURVES another. is characterized by an excessive curvature of the cervical. MANIPULATIVE SKILLS it can be caused by being overweight, it is the use of the hands; feet body to and weakness in the abdominal control an object. muscles. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SCOLIOSIS it is any body movement carried out by is characterized by lateral curvature the skeletal muscles and requiring spine. energy. it can be caused by birth defects, previous surgery on the chest wall as a EXERCISE baby, and injuries to or infections of the it is a planned, structured, repetitive spine. movement of the body designed to -TO IMPROVE POSTURE- improve or maintain physical fitness. Be mindful: check posture throughout the day. HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF SEDENTARY Strengthen core muscles: a strong LIFESTYLE core supports better posture by stabilizing the spine.  PATHFIT1 PRELIMS: FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER r.d.s Stretch regularly: stretching tight muscles will help maintain good alignment. Ergonomic Adjustment: Arrange your workspace to support proper posture and minimize strain. 4 ANATOMICAL POSITION AND DIRECTIONAL TERMS ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR the front and back parts of the body. SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR used to denote the height. PROXIMAL AND DISTAL distance in relation to body parts. SUPINE AND PRONE lying face up or down. 8 ANATOMICAL MOVEMENTS OF THE BODY FLEXION flexing both arms towards the body. EXTENSION opposite of flexion. ABDUCTION a movement away from the midline ADDUCTION a movement towards the midline. ELEVATION movements of shoulder upward. DEPRESSION movements of the shoulder downward. DORSIFLEXION refers to the flexion at the ankle. PLANTAR FLEXION refers to the extension at the ankle.