MTIB 2022 Hypersensitivity PDF
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Uploaded by UncomplicatedEarthArt
ILKKM Kuching, Sarawak
2022
MTIB
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Summary
This document is a MTIB 2022 study guide covering hypersensitivity, focusing on allergic reactions and immune responses. It details various hypersensitivity types, learning outcomes, and content, categorized by types for ease of understanding, making it an informative resource for medical students or researchers.
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MTIB 2022 ILKKM Kuching Sarawak 1 Learning Outcome: i. Describe the hypersensitivity response and the factors affecting and influencing the hypersensitivity response. ii. Identify classification of Hypersensitivity and type of hypersensitivity. iii. Explain the p...
MTIB 2022 ILKKM Kuching Sarawak 1 Learning Outcome: i. Describe the hypersensitivity response and the factors affecting and influencing the hypersensitivity response. ii. Identify classification of Hypersensitivity and type of hypersensitivity. iii. Explain the pathologic immune mechanism for each types of hypersensitivity response. 2 Content Outlines: 1. Definition Atopy Atopic Allergy Allergen Hypersensitivity 2. Factors Affecting Hypersensitivity Response 3. Gell and Coombs Classification of Hypersensitivity 4. Types of Hypersensitivity Response 3 Keupayaan genetik seseorang individu menghasilkan IgE ATOPY apabila terdedah kepada bahan allergen (biasanya melalui pernafasan @ pemakanan) Bentuk alergi dimana reaksi hipersensitiviti seperti ATOPIC eczema atau asthma berlaku di kawasan atau bahagian lain tubuh yang tidak terdedah dengan bahan allergen. Reaksi imun tubuh yang menyebabkan gangguan kepada ALLERGY pernafasan atau perubahan pada kulit akibat daripada pendedahan kepada allergen ALLERGEN Bahan yang menyebabkan berlakunya reaksi alergi 4 Pengenalan kpd reaksi hipersensitiviti Hipersensitivi boleh berlaku pada sesetengah orang yang telah terdedah kepada antigen yang sama sebelum ini. (pendedahan kali kedua) Dos awal (initial dose) antigen yang mampu merangsang sistem imuniti perumah dikenali sebagai sensitizing dose Shocking dose adalah dose berikutan (subsequent dose) bagi antigen yang sama, di mana mampu menghasilkan tindak balas imun yang abnormal. 5 Hipersensitiviti Tindakbalas imum yang abnormal/melampau terhadap antigen dan mengakibatkan kesan patogenik seperti kerosakan pada tisu atau organ-organ tubuh. Merupakan tindakbalas imun sekunder (perlu pre-sensitized) Tindakbalas berlaku bukan berpunca daripada kemasukkan antigen kali pertama memasuki tubuh Reaksi hipersensitiviti dibahagikan kepada dua klasifikasi berdasarkan pengkelasan Gell & Coombs : i. Tindakbalas Hipersensitiviti segera (diperantar oleh Ab) (few minutes to few hours) ii. Tindakbalas Hipersensitiviti Tertangguh (selepas 24 jam) 6 Gell and Coomb’s Classification Type I – immediate (atopic, or anaphylactic) Type II – antibody-dependent (cytotoxic) Type III – immune complex Type IV – cell-mediated (T- limfosit) Type V – stimulatory/inhibitory 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 “ A hero is no braver than an ordinary man, but he is brave five minutes longer." Ralph Waldo Emerson 18