1102 - Week 2 (Zoom) - Academic presentation (Jason Leung).pdf

ENGL 1102AEF Presentation Skills These slides are designed for the course and should only be used by the teachers and students involved. All rights reserved. What are some elements of an academic presentation? Tone Style Citations and referencing What is the most common type of academic presentation...

ENGL 1102AEF Presentation Skills These slides are designed for the course and should only be used by the teachers and students involved. All rights reserved. What are some elements of an academic presentation? Tone Style Citations and referencing What is the most common type of academic presentations? informative presentation →To provide factual information about a topic (research) →To support your points with reliable sources (citation) * note that a presentation can have more than one purpose Who is the audience? At the tertiary education level, the audience of an academic presentation may include: classmates from the same or different disciplines lecturers or tutors a specific group of audience (e.g. social workers, patients, researchers, professionals of a particular discipline or field) What is the style? Professional Formal Pay attention to: Choice of vocabulary Use of visuals Content Sources of references Non-verbal signals Avoid: Being casual or funny Being colloquial in language (E.g. gonna, wanna) How long is an academic presentation? Depends on the nature and requirement Time management is important Avoid overrun problem Estimate the appropriate amount of time allocated to different sections of the presentation / different speakers Structure Formal academic presentation Part Content Introduction Introduction Preview of Main points Body Main points Support: Examples and elaboration Conclusion Summary Closure Q&A Comments and responses 7 Introduction: Structure 1. Greet and thank your audience 2. Introduce yourself (and group members) 3. Use attention-getting strategies a) Ask a question b) State startling fact or statistics c) Share a case d) Stress audience benefit 4. Provide background information 5. Preview your main points (prepare a standalone slide which shows the outline of your presentation) Match the examples with the attentiongetting strategies. 1) Do you know what stress is? 2) Chris, an S6 student, has been suffering from insomnia for three years. 3) After this presentation, you will know how to erase your stress and maintain a healthy lifestyle. 4) 86% of local secondary school teens were reported to have symptoms of excessive stress. 8 Body: Point and Support Specific evidence based on reliable sources Using sources for support Quotation, summary, paraphrasing + a ref list Acknowledging the source in 1) Your speech, 2) Main content of the PowerPoint slides (APA style), and 3) The reference list 9 APA format Incorporating source materials To provide support To help convince the audience of your ideas, To show thorough research has been conducted. (1) Referring to sources orally It is possible to be a bit less formal than in written text. You can include the given name with the surname, and if there are more writers then instead of ‘et al’ you use ‘and colleagues’. However, the level of formality often depends upon the purpose and audience. Here are some examples: Miller’s 1999 study on … A study by Johnson in 2012 found that … According to Griffith, 30% of the … Smith defines Gross National Happiness as … Here is a quotation by Morrison on … Some researchers, as you can see, think differently about … Adams believes that … In 2007, Chan reported that … Smith and Jones give three main reasons … Body: Point and Support (Step 1) Refer to others’ work in your speech Victoria Dr Sandler, the chief of Clinic of Metabolic, suggests that the technology can be used to help young patients control food intake. In his study, 68% of the patients reported a drop in weight in three months. In another study, Dr Woodstone, a specialist in family medicine, found that it could also help 80% of the participants with diabetes control weight. According to Hilton, the new technology can help researchers understand the patterns of weight control process...... Moreover, the new technology should play a major role when evaluating the impact of obesity on public health. Ian 13 (2) Identifying sources on slides You will use slides that summarise, paraphrase or quote information from various sources; this includes in-text references in the appropriate style for your subject; you also need to have a full reference list at the end. In-text citations In-text citations typically appear at the beginning or the end of the sentence. Citations in the former position are known as author-prominent citations (Example 1), whereas those in the latter are referred to as information-prominent citations (Example 2). Author-prominent citations Example 1: Kim et al. (2021) further examined the role of communication styles of an AI instructor in online education and found that undergraduate students experience more positive perceptions (e.g., attitudes) about a relational AI instructor than a functional, task-oriented AI instructor. Information-prominent citations Unlike author-prominent citations, which place emphasis on the source of the idea cited, information-prominent citations focus on the idea itself. If you opt to use an information-prominent sentence, ensure that the closing punctuation mark appears after the bracket. For instance: Example 2: At times, ChatGPT may make unusual errors by confidently presenting factoids that are inaccurate or fabricated (Qadir, 2022). The advent of ChatGPT and comparable technologies may facilitate effortless and inattentive employment, potentially leading to rampant plagiarism (Qadir, 2022). If the year of publication is unavailable, use ‘n.d.’ (‘no date’). For example: The availability of machine teachers or AI-based education in higher education remains uncertain at present (Della Pietra, n.d.). What information is given in the following in-text reference? Oral presentations You need to provide the author’s family name or surname and the year of publication. If you quote information, you also need to use double quotation marks and provide the page number. “Oral presentations audience-friendly, should not friendly” (Mackean, 2007, p.11) be reader- Body: Point and Support (Step 2) Include the sources in PowerPoint slides In-text citation (APA) Smaller font size ELC PolyU. (2014, August 1). Problem-solution presentation: Citing during a presentation [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVWf1l4_xuQ&index=33&list=PLXu vlaVwcr2rkYxJxXggB1BFyM-Izf6M- 17 When you refer to reliable sources, your points become stronger and your argument is more credible. 2A) Expressions to acknowledge the work or ideas of other people Here is a list of expressions to use. Introducing common views: It’s often said… People today tend to believe… It’s general knowledge that… Introducing something implied/assumed: One implication of X’s treatment of ___ is… It’s a widely held assumption that… Although Y is not said directly, it is assumed… The writer argues/acknowledges/claims/demonstrates/agrees/emphasizes/ questions whether/reminds/suggests/urges… 2B) Introducing summaries and quotes Explaining Quotations As X puts it, “_____”. According to X, “_____”. In her book, X states, “_____”. Disagreeing, with reasons I think X is mistaken because she overlooks… X contradicts herself by stating A in one sentence then B in the other. I disagree with X, because research has shown… Reporting verbs are a way for you, the writer, to show your attitude towards the source of information you are citing. These attitudes are either ‘positive’, ‘negative’ or ‘neutral’. Do you agree with what the author has said? If so, use reporting verbs with a positive meaning to them. Here are some reporting verbs that tend to be positive: Reporting verbs acknowledges affirms analyses applauds argues contends explains identifies observes persuades proves supports Do you disagree with what the author has said? In this case, you can use a negative reporting verb to indicate this. Here are some reporting verbs used when there is a belief that the literature is incorrect. Reporting verbs accuses confuses doubts guesses intimates questions speculates Perhaps you don’t feel positive or negative about the source you are citing. In this situation, you should use a neutral reporting verb. Here are some reporting verbs that tend to be neutral: Reporting verbs acknowledges adds describes expresses maintains recognizes reports says thinks Reporting verbs A note about the use of tense: Reporting verbs You may use the simple present or simple past tense to describe the content of the source. To determine the appropriate tense, consider whether the process being conveyed actually occurred or reflects an idea or opinion. If the summary details specific research methods, the process of data collection or other past events, past tense should be used. Conversely, if the summary pertains to an idea or concept, simple present tense should be used to convey a sense of immediacy and relevance. (3) Including a reference list (Step 3) The Reference List Same format as in a research paper Place it at the end of the presentation 25 Reference List Your presentation should end with a complete list of references. It is also polite to have a hard copy of the reference list to give to the audience. The reference list needs to arranged alphabetically. Body: Visual Aids Use charts, diagrams, pictures from other sources Acknowledge the source right below the diagram Refer to the visual aids in your speech 1) On the slide, you need to acknowledge the source right below the diagram. 2) In your speech, refer to the visual aids. 3) Tell them what they need to look at (with non-verbal help, e.g. pointing to the visual). 4) Explain and elaborate your content with the visual to support your point. 27 Body: Visual Aids Now, let’s study Figure 1. The chart shows you the most common types of hobbies among the teens surveyed. 100% Favourite Hobbies 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% As you can see, more than 80% of them loved playing video games, which is the most popular activity. Dr Woodstone explained that nowadays most teens are obsessed with their smartphone and mobile games with various themes and natures, which can attract all types of teenagers. 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Video Gaming Watching Movies Fashion Photography Others Figure 1 Matide, A. (2017). Favourite hobbies among teens [Chart]. http://matide.com /chart144905542898-hobbies/ 28 Body: Taking Turns Group presentation: Team work Taking turns: Structure of linking and handover 1. Summarize your point 2. Use transitional phrases 3. Introduce the name of the next speaker 4. Tell the audience the content of the key point that your member is going to talk about 5. Maintain eye contact with your groupmates 29 Conclusion Steps for concluding a presentation 1. Summarize main points and restate main idea 2. Give recommendation/suggestion (if appropriate) 3. Tell the audience that you are about to finish 4. Thank the audience 5. Invite questions (to start the Q&A session) To summarize, … Lastly, our presentation has introduced four types of weight management and their advantages and disadvantages. To maintain a healthy lifestyle, we should do exercises every day and do a regular medical check per year. This is the end of our presentation. Thanks for listening to us. Now, if you have any questions, we are very happy to answer them. 30 Learning sources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsdXum7LxHQ https://apastyle.apa.org/ ELC PolyU. (2014, August 1). Problem-solution presentation: Citing during a presentation [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVWf1l4_xuQ&index=33&list=PLXuvla Vwcr2rkYxJxXggB1BFyM-Izf6M- Adam Forrester. (2011c, November 24). Academic presentation - The handover [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_213753&feat ure=iv&src_vid=WIGQqbX7Gx8&v=YFP1K_bBH7g