Earth and Life Science - Planet Earth PDF

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE PLANET EARTH  PLANET EARTH Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbour life. Our planet’s has molten nickel-iron core give rise to an extensive magnetic field, which, along with the atmosphere, shields us from harmful radiation coming from t...

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE PLANET EARTH  PLANET EARTH Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbour life. Our planet’s has molten nickel-iron core give rise to an extensive magnetic field, which, along with the atmosphere, shields us from harmful radiation coming from the Sun. In this lesson, you will understand why this planet is called the “living planet.” Directions: Loop 10 words that are related to the planet’s characteristics to support life. Looping can be horizontally, vertically or diagonally. List down all the words that you have found below. Earth: A Habitable Planet Earth: A Habitable Planet  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARTH NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE TEMPERATURE It influences how quickly atoms, molecules or organisms move. Low temperature slows down chemical reaction and produces ice that makes liquid water unavailable. High temperature can cause break down of important biological molecules. In Earth’s condition, temperature is just right to support life.  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARTH NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE WATER It is one of the important ingredients on the different biological processes. Absence of this will interfere reactions necessary for life. However, solid form of this water in earth has different forms. It is solid (ice) in the 2 poles and liquid along the equator which allows living organisms to consume it.  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARTH NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE ATMOSPHERE It provides significant insulation or shielding from the sun and impact of small to medium size meteorites. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) traps heat and avoid our planet from freezing. Moreover, ozone (O3) layer shields the Earth’s surface from harmful UV radiation. Atmosphere also provides chemicals needed for life, such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide.  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARTH NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE ENERGY Earth has available energy- rich sunlight to support life. Living organisms like plants and photosynthetic bacteria use light as the source of their energy. Some chemosynthetic organisms rely on chemical energy to support various biological processes.  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARTH NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE NUTRIENTS It is an essential factor used to build and maintain organism’s body structure. Insufficient or absence of nutrients can impede synthesis of the different biological molecules. In Earth, there are processes that recycle nutrients. Water, carbon and oxygen, phosphate and nitrogen cycles are some of the examples. Volcanism also helps in cycling the nutrients.  EARTH Earth is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life and is the only one known for sure to have liquid water in the surface. These are reasons why planet earth is a unique one: It has liquid water; Plate Tectonics; and It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays.  EARTH Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has a large amount of liquid water. About 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by liquid or frozen water. Because of this, Earth is sometimes called “blue planet.” Planet Earth is habitable because it has the right distance from the sun. It is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients for life including water and carbon. It can provide water, oxygen, useful biological products for human, and has suitable weather and climate. Earth, Venus, and Mars may have similarities: They all are terrestrial planets, made of solid rocks and silicates; They all have an atmosphere; They all almost have the same time to rotate on their axes; Earth and Mars both have water; They all have carbon dioxide; and All have landforms. Earth, Venus, and Mars have differences: (1) Venus has no water; (2) Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3) Earth has life forms.  EARTH’S SUBSYSTEMS EARTH SUBSYSTEMS Earth is sometimes called the “water planet” or the “blue planet” because seas cover more than two-thirds of its surface. Earth is the only planet or moon in the solar system with rain that falls from clouds, runs over the land, and collects in extensive oceans. It is also the only body we know that supports life.  ATMOSPHERE The gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface primarily composed of different gases such as nitrogen and oxygen.  ATMOSPHERE Layer of gaseous envelope that surrounds the planet on the surface and extends thinly unto space. The processes that happens in the atmosphere includes weather and climate.  It is the gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface, primarily composed of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Atmosphere serves as the Earth’s blanket. Its name rooted from the Greek word atmos which means gas and sphaira which means globe or ball. It is composed of gases in varying amount and its relative abundance is also crucial in different parts of the earth.  BIOSPHERE The zone of the Earth where all forms of life exist. This serves as the ecosystem of all living and non- living organisms  BIOSPHERE Biosphere come from the Greek word bios meaning life. It composed of all living things and the areas where they are found. It includes all animals, microbes, and plants. It extends to the upper areas of the atmosphere where insects and birds can be found. The zone of Earth where all forms of life exist: in the sea, on land, and in water. It is sometimes called as the large ecosystem. This is the zone that life inhabits. Biosphere is a very thin layer of the earth’s surface. Living things breath, take in water and agents of sedimentation. Our life processes drives us to be in constant need of interaction with the planet we live in.  GEOSPHERE The solid part of the Earth that consists the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.  GEOSPHERE Geosphere comes from the Greek word geos meaning ground. It pertains to the solid part of the earth. It is divided in to three layers such as the crust, mantle and the core. It is composed of naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals, organic material or natural glass called rocks. It contains all the soil, rocks, and minerals present in the crust to the core of the Earth. It comprises the geologic landforms such as mountains and hills.  The solid Earth, consisting of the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.  The solid Earth, consisting of the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.  HYDROSPHERE The water part of the Earth that includes oceans and glaciers.  The water part of the Earth which circulates among oceans, continents, glaciers, and atmosphere. Oceans cover 71% of the Earth and contain 97.5% of its water. Hydro is a Greek word which means water. Hydrosphere is composed of all the water on Earth in any form. This can either be in a form of water vapor and liquid water. Another part of this subsystem is the permanently frozen parts called cryosphere. Earth is the only planet in the solar system that are known to contains water in all three phases.  Water on Earth is constant and consistently moving because of temperature and salinity. It also plays an important role in absorption and redistribution of solar radiation. It is not limited to the water we see on the surface of the oceans, rivers, lakes and seas. Underground and hidden from our sight is part of the hydrosphere cycle that keeps all the water continuously transported from one to another. Activity 1 MY ENVIRONMENTAL “TO DO” LIST The human population has increased rapidly since the 1700’s. For most of human history, there were fewer than half-billion people on Earth. In mid- 2009, 6.7 billion people inhabited our planet. Because of these, extensive pollution is everywhere. As a student, what can you do to save not only a particular system, but the Earth itself? Write your answer in the table. References: https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2Fc%2Fcb%2FThe_Blue_Marble_%2528remastered%2529.jpg%2F640px- The_Blue_Marble_%2528remastered%2529.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEarth&tbnid=5bSzR23V_5XFsM&vet=12ahUKEwiVmuCDu-35AhUFVpQKHUiSBEoQMygAegUIARDbAQ..i&docid=88gjCNbYu3- 8ZM&w=640&h=640&q=earth&ved=2ahUKEwiVmuCDu-35AhUFVpQKHUiSBEoQMygAegUIARDbAQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCDVN7DCzYE https://www.google.com/search?q=RIVER&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjEmqj4wO35AhVI-5QKHVnTAncQ2- cCegQIABAA&oq=RIVER&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIHCAAQsQMQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIKCAAQsQMQgwEQQzIHCAAQsQMQQzIHCAAQsQMQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzILCAAQgAQQsQMQgwEyBAgAEEM6BQgAEIAEUOsGWJsMYKQNaABwAHgAgAGwAYgB8wSSAQMzLjOYAQCgAQGqA Qtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=gnQNY8TRFcj20wTZpou4Bw#imgrc=dFX7lq4W7pfOQM https://www.google.com/search?q=earth+3+layers&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjO55zowu35AhUGHqYKHbqOAlAQ2- cCegQIABAA&oq=EARTH+3+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDoKCAAQsQMQgwEQQzoECAAQQzoLCAAQgAQQsQMQgwE6CAgAELEDEIMBOggIABCABBCxA1CYH Fi9fGCZiAFoAXAAeACAAcQCiAH-B5IBBzAuMy4wLjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=eXYNY47HHYa8mAW6nYqABQ#imgrc=czQZSYdCV_27wM https://www.google.com/search?q=biosphere&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjYudrLxO35AhVLJaYKHQobDogQ2- cCegQIABAA&oq=BIO&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgoIABCxAxCDARBDMgoIABCxAxCDARBDMgQIABBDMgoIABCxAxCDARBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDOgUIABCABDoLCAAQgAQQsQMQgwE6CAgAEIAEELEDOggIABCxAxCDAVDtBli7CWCNG GgAcAB4AIABYIgB5QKSAQE0mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=VngNY9i2IcvKmAWKtrjACA#imgrc=mPv4oM-Y08l9CM https://www.google.com/search?q=geosphere&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj62963xe35AhWaAqYKHYx3ClYQ2- cCegQIABAA&oq=GEOSPHERE&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgsIABCABBCxAxCDATILCAAQgAQQsQMQgwEyCwgAEIAEELEDEIMBMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDoKCAAQsQMQgwEQQzoECAAQQzoICAAQsQMQgwE6CAgAEIAE ELEDUKgFWNAUYP8eaAFwAHgAgAG0AYgBrAiSAQQxMC4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=OXkNY7rbBpqFmAWM76mwBQ#imgrc=FfQU1Bg-kgKKHM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6j5iHvYBIcg https://www.google.com/search?q=oceans&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwit38rrO_5AhVmmFYBHfAjBq0Q_AUoAnoECAIQBA&biw=1536&bih=754&dpr=1.25#imgrc=bpVV_lNHAj9rEM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Ihbuy5g84g