Rajasthan Art & Culture PDF

1. Shravana Month Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha On 5" day or Panchami, Nag On the 3rd day Tritiya, Choti Teej is Panchami is celebrated. celebrated, 9 day or Navmi, Nidari Navmi is...

1. Shravana Month Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha On 5" day or Panchami, Nag On the 3rd day Tritiya, Choti Teej is Panchami is celebrated. celebrated, 9 day or Navmi, Nidari Navmi is Choti Teej procession of Jaipur is very celebrated on this day mongoose is popular worshipped Amavasya This festival celebrates love between 15 day Hariyali Amavasya is husband and wife. celebrated It is festival of nature love Following fairs are organized There is a tradition of sending gifts or Sinjara for newly wedded brides 1. Fateh Sagar Lake fair at Udaipur leheriya is worn by women on this day. 2. Kalpavriksha fair at Mangliyawas, Ajmer On the 15th day or Purnima, Raksha Banana 3. Buddha Jauhad fair at Anupgarh, is celebrated. Ganganagar It is also called Nariyal Purnima. Shravan Kumar is worshipped on this day. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  2. Bhadrapada Month Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha On 3rd day (Tritiya ) 2nd day Dvitiya, Baba Ri Beej or Ramdev ji anniversary is celebrated. Badi Teej is celebrated also known as Budhi Teej, Kajali Teej and Satudi Teej A big fair takes place in Runicha (Jaisalmer) from 2nd day (Dvitiya) to 11th day (Ekadash)i Badi Teej of Bundi is famous. It is also known as Kumbha of Marwar On 6th day Chat, Ub-Chat is celebrated Ub- 4th day Chaturthi, on this Ganesh Chaturthi is Chat is celebrated by bachelor women who celebrated. It is also known as Shiv Chaturti, pray for well qualified husbands Kalank Chaturthi, Chatra Chaturthi As per the tradition, women observe fast and Fairs organized on Ganesh Chaturthi - pray by standing entire day Ranthambore, Sawai Madhopur Hal Chat marks the anniversary of Lord Chungi Teerth, Jaisalmer Balrama. On 5 th day ( Panchami ) Rishi Panchami is On 8th day Ashtami, Krishna Janmashtami is celebrated. Sapta-Rishi is worshipped on this celebrated day And following fairs are organized On 9th day/Navmi. Goganavmi is celebrated Bhojan Thali Mela at Kamun. Bharatpur Farmers tie 9 knots on their plough on this Hariram ji ka Mela at Jhorda, Nagore occasion. On 8th day Radha-Janmashtami is observed. Fair This is celebrated by Nimbark Sect at Salemabad ( Ajmer). It is also the main site of A cattle fair is organized at Dedrewa (Churu) Nimbark Sect. Gogamedi in Hanumangarh People of this sect consider Radha as wife of lord Krishna On 12 day Baras, Bach-Baras On 10th day Dashmi, Teja Dashmi is Use of knife is forbidden celebrated Whole grains are consumed and no processed On 11th day (Ekadashi) Jal-Jhulni gyaras or food is consumed on this day Dev Jhulni Ekdashi is celebrated. procession of Lord Krishna is taken and the idol is given a Amavasya 15th day is known as Sati bath. Amavasya. On this day, Rani Sati fair is organized in Jhunjhnu 14th day Chaturdashi is also referred as Anant-Chaturdashi. On this day idols of Lord Her real name was Narayani Devi. Her Ganesha are immersed in water. husband’s name was Tandhan Agarwal 15th day/Purnima marks the commencement She is also called Dadi Sati of Shradha. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  3. Aashvin Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha In this entire fortnight no auspicious work Ist day/Ekam marks the beginning of is done. Sharddhs are observed for a period Sharad Navratra of 16 days On 8th day Ashtami, Durga- Goddess Sanjhi is worshipped. The idols Ashtami/Homa-Ashtam is celebrated are made up of cow dung and sand On 10th day Dashmi, Vijaya Dashmi is Matesyndranath temple of Udaipur is celebrated. called temple of Sanjhi Weapons, arms and sacred tree of Nathdwara Saanjhis are made up of banana Khejdli/Khejdi are worshipped on this day leaves o On 5th June 1988 postal stamp was On the last day of Shraddh Tumbudha fast issued on Khejadi is observed 15th day Purnima is also known as Sharad Purnima Raas Purnima Marwar festival or Mannd festival is organized on this day in Jodhpur. U Meera festival is organized in Udaipur A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  4. Kartika Krishna Paksh Shukla Paksha On 4th day Chaturthi, Karva Chauth is On 1st day Ekam, Govardhan worship is celebrated done 8 th day/ Ashtami, Ahoi Ashtami is Annakuta festival is celebrated in celebrated and women keep fast for the Nathdwara in which Bhil tribe participates. good health and well being of their children On 2nd day Dooj. Bhaiya Dooj/Yam-Dooj 13th day Trayodashi, Dhanteras is is celebrated. celebrated 8th day is Gopa-Ashtami On 14th day Chaturdashi, Roop Chaudas/Roop Chaturdashi is observed 9th day is Amla Navmi or Akshaya Navmi. 15th day/ Amavasya, Diwali is celebrated 11th day/Ekadashi - This is called as Dev This day also marks the death anniversary Uthni Gyaras/ Prabodhini Gyaras/Tulsi of Lord Mahavira and Dayanand gyarash Saraswatı. The famous fair of Pushkar also starts on this day. 15th day Purnima, it is also known as Satya Narayan Purnima. Following fairs are celebrated on this day Pushkar fair ends on this day, Kolayat fair (Bikaner) Chandrabhaga fair (Jhalrapatan) Rameshwaram fair (Sawai Madhopur) Chandrabagha fair is famous for trading malwi breed Kapil Muni lived at Kolayat who had given Sankya Darshan Rameshwar ghat is known for confluence of three rivers. Viz – Chambal, Banas and Seep A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  7. Magh Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha 4h day Chaturthi is known as Til (sesame 1st day/Ekam - Gupta Navratras (Secret) seeds) Chaturthi or Sakat Chauth 5th day/ Panchami - Basant Jayanti is fair is celebrated in Barwada, Sawai celebrated in which Goddess Saraswati is Madhopur. worshipped. On the 11th day/Ekadashi, Shat-Tila Gargi award is given on this day Ekadashi is celebrated. On 15th day Purnima, on this day On 15th day Amavasya is also known as Beneshwar fair is organized at Nevatpura, Mauni Amavasya. Dungarpur. Silence is observed on this day The Beneshwar Dham temple is located at Royal bath of Kumbha fair takes place on the confluence point of three rivers Mahi, this day Som and Jakham. This temple was constructed by Saint Maoji. The temple of Beneshwar is famous as the broken idol of Lord Shiva is worshipped here It is also known as "Kumbha or Adivasis" or "Pushkar of Vagar". A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  8. Falgun Shukla Paksha Shukla Paksha 13th day Trayodashi, on this day 2nd day Dvitiya, phulera dhuj is Maha Shivratri is celebrated. celebrated A fair is organized at the 15th day Purnima, Holi is celebrated Ghushmeshwar Mahadev temple in Koda- mar Holi -Bhinay (Ajmer) Shiwar, Sawai Madhopur. Lathmar Holi - Mahavir ji (Karauli) Pathar-mar Holi – Barmer First cooperative society of Rajasthan was established here in 1904. Iloji’s marriage procession is taken out in Barmer Tribes of Mewar play Bhagoriya during Holi. On Holi, "Badshah Ki Sawari or Todarmal ki Sawari" is taken out in Byawar In Sangod(Kota), Nhan festival on Holi in which A procession is also carried out called Nhan Jhaki Janam maran paran festival is celebrated in Jaipur A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  9. Chaitra Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha ❖ First day Ekam, Dhulandi is played on ❖ Ist day/Ekam, it marks the this day commencement of Hindu New Year ❖ 8th day Ashtami, this day is celebrated ❖ Hindu calendar is 57 years ahead of as Sheetla-Ashtmi. English calender ❖ A fair is organized in at Chaksu (Jaipur) ❖ Basant navratra starts on this day called Donkey fair. ❖ 3rd day Tritiya, festival of Gangaur is ❖ Donkey is vehicle of Sheetla mata celebrated ❖ The Gangaur of Jaipur and Udaipur is very popular ❖ unmarried women keep fast and pray for a worthy husband and wish for good wife for brother ❖ In Jaisalmer, only Gaur procession takes place on Chaturthi. ❖ Highest numbers of folk songs are sung during Gangaur ❖ The Gangaur of Nathdwara is known as Gulabi Gangaur/Chunadi ❖ On 8th day Ashtami, on this day the Ashokastamhi is celebrated ❖ 9th day Navmi, Ramnavmi is celebrated ❖ 15th day Purnima, Hanuman Jayanti is celebrated on this day. ❖ Fairs are organized in Salasar (Churu) and Mehndipur (Dausa). A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  10. Vaisakha Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha ❖ 3" day/Tritiya, Dheenga Ganvar fair is ❖ 3-day Tritiya, it is also known as celebrated in Jodhpur Akshay Tritiya or Akha-Teej. ❖ 15th day Purnima, it is also known as Buddha-Purnima or Peepal-Purnima. ❖ Buddha Festival is also celebrated on this day ❖ Major fairs that are organized on this day are listed below ❖ Banganga fair, Virat Nagar (Jaipur). ❖ Gomati Sagar fair, Jhalrapatan ❖ Gotmeshwar fair. Amod (Pratapgarh) ❖ Matrukundiya fair, Chittor ❖ Seetabari fair, Baran ❖ Nakki Jheel fair, Mt Abu (Sirohi) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  11. Jyaestha Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha 15 day/Amavasya, Badmawas or Vat- 10th day/Dashmi, Ganga Dashmi/Ganga- Vriksha Amavasya is observed on this day. Dussehra is celebrated. A fair is organized in Kaman (Bharatpur) 11" day/Ekadashi, Nirjala gyaras is observed on this day, To mark this occasion kites are flown in Udaipur. 12. Ashadha Krishna Paksha Shukla Paksha ❖ On 1st day Ekam , Gupta navratras are observed on this day ❖ On 9th Day Navmi, it is also known as Bhadlya Navmi. ❖ On 11th day Ekadashi, Devsyani ekadashi is celebrated ❖ 15 day/Purnima, on this day, Guru Purnima is celebrated. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Festivals of Muslim community Prophet Mohammed was the founder of Islam. He was born in Mecca in 570 (Saudi Arab) AÐ in 622 AD he shifted from Mecca to Medina, this event is known as Hijrat" This also marks the begin of Islamic calendar, known as Hijri calendar Hijri calendar, is a lunar based calendar, but there is no provision of Adhik Mas in this calendar. It is because of the absence of Adhik Mass Muharram Muharram is observed on the 10 day of the month. On this day, Hussain, son of of Prophet Ali martyred in the battlefield of Karbala in 680AD. In his memory Tajia processions are carried. On 27th day, Urs (Fair) of Saiyad Fakhruddin is celebrated in Galiakot (Dungarpur). Sayyad Fakhruddin is considered as the religious head of Daudi-Bohra Sect. Safar A feast is observed after 40 days of death of Hussain; hence it is celebrated on the 20th day of Safar month. Rabi-ul-Avval 12" day, the Prophet Mohammed was born as well as died on this day. His birth anniversary is celebrated as Id-Ul-Miladul-Nabi. The death anniversary of Prophet Mohammed is known as Baravafat. Jamat-Us-Sani 8th day marks the birth anniversary of Khawaj Moinuddin Chisti. He was born in Sanjari (Persia, Iran), and came to India during reign of Prithvi Raj Chauhan and settled in Ajmer Rajjab 1st to 6th day Urs of Khawaja Moinuddin Chisti is celebrated. On 6th day the death anniversary of Sufi Saint is celebrated. The Ghori family of Bhilwara starts the proceeding of Urs. During the Urs on 6 day 'Kul Ki A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Rasma' program is celebrated. On the 9th day Bade Kul Ki Rasma Program is celebrated. 27" day of this month is known as Meraj ki Ratat/Shab-E-Meraj/Night of Meraj. It is believed that on this day Prophet Mohammed took the sacred journey to heaven and met Allah Shaban On the 14th day of this month Shab-E-Barat is observed. It is also known as night of forgiveness or the Day of Atonement. Ramjan It is considered as the most sacred month of the Islamic calendar. This is a month of fasting 27th day is known as Shab-E-Kadra. It is believed that the sacred text of Kuran was revealed to the world on this day Shavval On 1" day, Id-Ul-Fitr is celebrated also known as Meethi Eid Sewaniyon ki Eid. Eid is a festival of harmony Jilhij In this month, Muslims take the much-coveted Pilgrimage of Haj. On 10 day, Eid-Ul-Juha is celebrated also known as Bakreed. As per traditions people make sacrifice of something. Festival of Jains: ❖ Rishabhdev Jayanti:- Chaitra Krishna Navmi (This day marks the birth anniversary of Lord Rishabdeva) Fair is organised at Dhulev village in Udaipur ❖ Mahavir Jayanti:- Chaitra Triyodashi On this day birth anniversary of Lord Mahavir is celebrated, Teerthankar of Jains who is the 24h and last teerthankar. Das Lakshan Parva ❖ This festival begins on Bhadrapad shukle panchmi to chaturdashi A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Das-Lakshan Parva of Bhadrapada is called as Paryushan', It is also called as Maha Purva ❖ Svetambar Jain’s celebrate it from Bhadrapad krishna dwadashi to shukle chaturthi. 1. Rot Teej ❖ It is celebrated by the Jains in Bhadrapada Shukla Tritiya or 3rd bright day of Bhadrapada 2. Sugandha Dashmi ❖ It is celebrated on Bhadrapada Shukla Dashmi or 10th bright day of Bhadrapada. Festivals of Sikhs 1. Gurunanak Jayanti: - Karthik Purnima ✓ On day of the Kartik month Kolayat Fairs (Bikaner) ▪ Sahwa (Churu) 2. Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti ✓ It is celebrated on Paush Shukla Saptami or 7th bright day of Paush. 3. Lohdi: It is celebrated on 13 January. 4. Vaisakhi : ✓ On 13 April 1699 AD, Guru Govind Singh established Khalsa-sect at Anandpur Sahib (Punjab) ✓ Khalsa means pure and refers to those followers who wears visible symbols of their faith and train as warriors to protect the religion. Festivals of Sindhi Community: 1. Chetichand or Jhulelal Jayanti: Chaitra Shukla Ekam or 1" bright day of Chaitra. This is the birth anniversary of Lord Jhulelal ji he is considered as an incarnation of the Lord Varuna God of the Sea). 2. Auchand:- This marks the death anniversary of Jhulelal ji. It is observed on Ashwin Shukla Ekam or 1" bright day of Ashwin. 3. Chaleeha: It is celebrated from 16th July to 24th 4. Thadi Satam: It is celebrated on Bhadrapada Krishna Saptami A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Festivals of Christians: 1. Christmas: - It is celebrated on 25 December. ✓ On this day Jesus was born 2. New year ✓ It is celebrated on 1" January 3. Good Friday ✓ On this day Jesus was crucified. This is observed on the Friday right before Easter 4. Easter ✓ On this day it is believed that Jesus was reborn. ✓ This is celebrated on Sunday after the first full moon that takes place after 22nd March 5. Ascension Day ✓ It is celebrated 40 days after the Easter ✓ It is believed that Jesus went back to heaven on this day A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk God in Rajasthan "Pabu Hadbu Ramde, Mangalia Meha. Panchu Pir Padharjayo, Gogaji Jeha. Pabu Hadbu Ramdevji, Mehaji, Gogaji: - These are the 5 Pirs which are worshipped by both Hindus and Muslims. Pabuji Rathore ❖ Father: - Dhandal ji ❖ Mother: - Kamala de ❖ Place of birth: - Kolumand (Barmer) ❖ Wife: - Phoolm de / Supyar De (Princess of Surajmal Sodha of Amarkot) ❖ Mare - Kesar Kalmi (horse of a Bhil woman named Deval) ❖ Companions: - Chanda and Dama (both were Bhil brothers) ❖ Fair: - Chaitra Amavasya, organized in Kolumand. Prabhuji came up after three rounds during his marriage to protect the cows of the Bhil woman named Deval and he died while fighting against "Jindrao Dhani" (Jayal) in "Dechu (Jodhpur)". Pabuji is considered the "incarnation of Lakshman". Pabuji is called the "camel protector deity". Raiika / Rabari / Devasi (camel raising caste) consider Pabuji as their main deity. Pabuji is also called the "plague protector". Pabuji gave shelter to 7 Thori (caste) brothers of Gujarat. Pabuji's phad "is the most popular phad." The Bhopas (priests) of the Bhil caste play the "Ravanahatha" instrument while singing the phad. The heroic songs of Pabuji are sung with maat instrument and called the pavade (bhajan) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Books Related to Pabuji: 1. Pabu Prakash: - Asiya Modji (According to him Pabuji was born in Juna village of Barmer district.) Characteristics of Pabuji's personality: - 1. Gaurakshak (cow protector) 2. Pabuji Ra Duha: - Laghraj 2. Camel protector 3. Pabuji Ra Chand: - Bithu Meha ji 3. Plague protector 4. Opposed Untouchability 4. Pabuji Ra rupak: - Motisar Bagtawar 5. Bravery 6. Retractable 5. Pabuj ke sorthei: - Ramnath 7. Commitment 8. Asylum protectors Ramdevji Tanwar Place of Birth: - Undu Kashmir (Badmer) Father: - Ajmal ji (Feudal of Pokaran) Mother: - Manade Wife: - Natal De (Princess of Dalel Singh Sodha of Amarkot) Temple: - Runicha / Ramdevra (Jaisalmer) Guru: - Balinath ji (His temple is situated on the Mysorea hill of Jodhpur.) Horse: - Leelo Flag: - Neja Jagran: - Jamo Meghwal Devotee: - Rikhiya ❖ "Parcha Bawdi" is located near Ramdevara ❖ Ramdev ji book - "Chabis Baaniyan" ❖ Ramdev ji started "Kamadia sect". ❖ "Terhatali dance" is performed by women of Kamdia sect. ❖ On the day of "Bhadrapad Shukla Ekadashi" samadhi was taken by Ramdevji at Ramdevra. ❖ "Dalibai" Meghwal ("foster sister of Ramdev ji") took samadhi on "Bhadrapad Shukla Dasmi" A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ at Ramdevra. ❖ "Paglye" is worshiped in the temple of Ramdevji. ❖ Ramdevji had killed the tyrant named Bhairav in Pokaran region. ❖ Ramdevji is said to be the incarnation of Vishnu (Krishna) and the Pir of Peers. ❖ Ramdev ji tried to reduce social discrimination and increase communal harmony. Major Temple: - Characteristics of Ramdev ji's personality: - 1. Opposed Untouchability 1. Runicha - Jaisalmer 2. Motivators of communal harmony 2. Pokaran - Jaisalmer 3. Protector 3. Masuria Hill - Jodhpur 4. Leprosy Preventive God 4. Haldina - Alwar 5. Poet 5. Chhota Ramdevra - Gujarat Spiritual teachings of Ramdev Ji 1. He opposed idol worship. 2. He opposed pilgrimage 3. Emphasized the importance of the Guru. 4. Emphasized on karma 5. He also emphasized name remembrance emphasized. 6. Emphasized Satsang. 7. Man should sacrifice his illusion and ego. 8. God resides in every living being. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Gogeji: - (Gogaji Chauhan) Place of Birth: - Dadreva (Churu) Father - Jewar Singh Mother – Bachel de Gogaji had a battle with Mahmud Ghaznavi and Ghaznavi called him "Jaheer Pir". He fought for the protection of cows against his brothers, Arjan and Sarajan. The temple of Dadreva (Churu) is called the "Sheersh medi" (head was cut off). Gogamedi's temple is called "Dhur Medi". Gogamedi temple is built in "Tomb style". "Bismillah" is written in the temple. (Gogaji's temple is called Medi.) Gogaji's Oldi located in the khilari ki dhani (Sanchore, Jalore). He is worshiped as the "snake protector deity". Gogaji's temples are built under the Khejdi. Kavi Meha wrote a book titled "Gogaji Ra Rasavala" on them. Hadbu ji Shankla Birthplace - Bhundel (Nagaur) He was Ramdevji's cousin. After the death of his father, he started living in Harbhamjal (Jodhpur). His guru was Balinath ji. Hadbuji was the author of "Shakunasastra" (future speaker). He blessed Jodha to win Mandor and presented him a dagger. After winning Mandor, Jodha gave him a village in Bengti (Jodhpur) where he served old and disabled cows. Jodhpur Maharaja Ajit Singh built the temple here. In the temple, "bullock cart of Hadbuji" is worshiped. Hadbuji's vehicle was jackal. Mehaji Mangalia Main Temple - Bapini (Jodhpur) His fair is held on "Krishna Janmashtami". He was killed while fighting in the war against "Ranagdev Bhati" of Jaisalmer. The name of his horse - Kirad Kabra It is believed that priest of Mejaji are not blessed with sons A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Tejaji: - Tejaji’s name is not included among the five peeras Birth place – Khardnal ( Nagore) He was born into a Jat family Father - Tahar ji Mother - Raj Kanwar wife – Pemal de Mare - Leelan Priest / Bhopa - Ghodla Tejaji was going to bring his wife, to his in-laws’ place named paneer (Ajmer) In a village named "Sursura" Ajmer), was injured while saving the cows of a Gurjar woman named Lacha and died due to the bite of a snake. Tejaji is worshiped as the "snake protector deity". He is also called the "God of Kalabala". (Kalabala-disease) "Farmers sing" Tejaji's song "while plowing. In 2010, a "postage stamp" was issued by the Rajasthan government on Tejaji. A train runs in Rajasthan in the name of his mare Leelan. Book - (1) Jujhanar Teja (Lajjaram Mehta) (2) Tejaji Ra Baihala (Vanshidhar Sharma) Main Temple - Parbatsar (Built during the time of Jodhpur Maharaja Abhay Singh) Other Temples - Sandaria (in Ajmer) - Bhanta (in Ajmer) - Panner (in Ajmer) - Stale - Dugari (in Bundi) Temple of Bungri Mata, sister of Tejaji - is built in Kharnal (Nagaur). Devnarayan ji (God of medicine) Place of birth: - Asind (Bhilwara) He was born in the Bagdawat Gurjar family. Father - Sawai Bhoj Mother - -sendhu gurjar A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Wife - Pipalade (daughter of King Jai Singh Parmar of Dhar) Fair: - Bhadrapad Shukla Saptami He is considered to be the "incarnation of Lord Vishnu". He is called the "God of Medicine". Neem leaves are offered in their temple. There is no idol in their temple but brick is worshiped. Devnarayan ji's phad is the longest. It is sung with "Jantar Instrumental Instrument" by Gurjar Bhopo. A stamp has been issued on this fund. Postal stamp was issued on phad of Devnarayan ji Main Temple:- 1. Aasind (Bhilwara) 2. Jodhpur (Tonk) 3. Dedhamali - Beawar (Ajmer) 4. Dev Dungri - Chittor (built by Ranga Sanga) Dev Baba Main Temple - Nangala Jahaj (Bharatpur) Fair - Bhadrapada Shukla Panchami (On the day of Rishi Panchami) ▪ Chaitra Shukla Panchami Dev Baba was a veterinarian. To make them happy, 7 gwalas have to be fed. Mallinath ji He was the "Rathore king of Marwar". He defeated the Governor of Malwa (Nizamuddin) of Firoz Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi. His queen "Rupade" is a folk goddess, whose temple is in Malajal (Badmer). Guru - Ugam Singh Bhati Main Temple - Tilwara (Badmer) "Mallinath cattle fair" goes on for 15 days starting from the next day of Holi (Chaitra Krishna Ekadashi to Shukla Ekadashi). (Purchase and sale of animal of Malani breed) Mallinathji was the "future forecaster”. He tried to eradicate untouchability and discrimination in society. He organized a huge Hari Kirtan in Marwar in 1399 AD. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Tallinath ji: - (Gogadeo Rathore) His real name was - Gogadeva Rathore. He was the feudatories of "Shergarh (Jodhpur)". Guru - Jalandhar Nath Main Temple - Panchota (Jalore) He is called the "God of Oran". Oran - Land left around the temple, from which trees cannot be cut. Bigga Ji Main Temple - Rori (Bikaner) He was martyred while protecting the cows. He is clan deity of the jakar subclans of jats. Hariram Main Temple - Jhorda (Nagaur) Fair - Bhadrapad Shukla Panchami He is worshipedgodssnake protector diety. Pit of snake is worshiped in the temple. Kesariya Kunwarji He was the son of Gogaji. He is also worshiped as the snake protector deity'. Jharda ji He was Pabuji's nephew. He Avenge the killing of his father and uncle by killing Jindrao Khinchi (King of Jayal). Temple - (1) Kolumand (Jodhpur) (2) Simbhuda (Bikaner) They are also called Rupnath. In Himachal Pradesh, he is called "Balaknath". Junjhar ji Place of Birth: - Imloha (Sikar) He was killed while protecting the cows in the village."Syalodra (Sikar)" A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  In the Sylodra temple, there are statues of "Dulha-Dulhan" and "3 of his brothers". A fair is organized here on the day of Ramnavami. Mamadev He is the "deity of rain". They do not have a temple, instead his "toran" is worshipped outside the village. To make him happy, one has to sacrifice "buffalo". Veer phatta ji Main Temple - Santhu (Jalore) His fair is organised on "Bhadrapad Shukla Navami" Alam ji Main Temple - Dhori Manna (Badmer) Alam ji is called the "horse protector deity". Alam ji Jaitamalot was Rathore Dongji-jawahar ji They were the feudal lord of the village "Bathot-Patoda (Sikar) Later, they used to loot the rich and distribute their wealth among the poor. Major allies - Lothuji Nitharwal, Karanaji Meena, Baluji Nai, Sankhuji Lohar They looted Agra jail and Nasirabad Cantonment of British. Khetla ji Main Temple - Sonana (Pali) Fair - "Chaitra Shukla Ekam" is a fair. Treatment of stammering children is done here A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Saints and Sects of Rajasthan "Dadu Dayal" Birth - Ahmedabad A Brahmin named Lodiram was brought up him Guru - Brahmanand ji / Vridanand / Budhan Baba In the early days in Rajasthan, he lived in Sambhar, later in Amber. Main Center - Naraina (Jaipur) He gave the message of Nirguna devotion Dadu Dayal Ji is called "Kabir of Rajasthan". Dadu dayalji gave his sermons in "Dhundhandi". Satsang Sthal - Alakh Dariba He started the Nipakh movement. King Bhagwant Das of Amber had met Dadudayalji in 1585 AD with Akbar at Fatehpur Sikri. The temples of Dadupanth are called " Dadu Dwara". Here, the scripture "Vani" of Dadudayalji is worshiped. Dadupanthi does not burn the dead person's body, nor bury it, but leave it for the animals and birds to eat. Daduji's body was kept in "Bhairana Ki Pahadi (Jaipur)". Which is called "Dadukhol / Dadupalaka". There were 52 disciples of Dadu dayalji who are called "52 pillars". Fair - In Naraina - Falgun Shukla Panchami to Ekadashi Dadupanth branches - 1. Khalsa 2. Virakta 3. Uttrade 4. Khaki 5. Naga Major disciples of Daduji - A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  1. Sundaradas ji ❖ His real name was Bhimraj. He was the son of Jaitasi, the ruler of Bikaner. ❖ He established Naga branch. ❖ Naga sadhus carried weapons with them. ❖ Their place of residence was called Cantonment. ❖ Naga sadhus helped King Pratap Singh of Jaipur at the time of Maratha invasions. 2. Rajjab ji ❖ He was the Pathan of Sanganer. ❖ He did not get married after listening to Daduji's teachings and lived in the "groom of dress". ❖ Books - (1) Rajab Vani (2) Sarvangi 3. Sundaradas ji 'chote' ❖ He was born in the Vaishya family. ❖ He wrote 42 texts. Major texts - (1) Samudra Samudra, (2) Sundar Sagar ❖ In "Getolaav (Dausa)" there is a tomb of Sundaradas ji. 4. Balind ji ❖ Text - arylo 5. Garib Das Ji 6. Miskindas Ji 7. Bakhna Ji 8. Madhodas ji "Jambhoji" ❖ Pimpsar (Nagaur) was born into a Panwar Rajput family. ❖ Father - Lohat Ji ❖ Mother- Hansabai ❖ Childhood Name - Dhanraj ❖ He is considered to be the "incarnation of Vishnu". A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ He gave "29 sermons" to his followers at a place called Samrathal (Bikaner). Therefore their followers are called "Bishanoi". ❖ Death - Lalasar (Bikaner) ❖ Samadhi / main center - "Mukam (Bikaner)" ❖ "Ashwin and Phalgun Amavasya" is a fair here. ❖ He was a contemporary of Sikandar Lodi. He stopped cow slaughter at the advice of Jambhoji. Sikandar Lodi arranged fodder in Bikaner region at the advice of Jambhoji during the time of famine. ❖ Jodha (Jodhpur) and Bika (Bikaner) used to respect Jambhoji very much. ❖ Sermons are called Santharia. ❖ Main Temple – 1. Mukam (Bikaner) 2. Janglu, (Bikaner) 3. Ramdavas (Jodhpur) 4. Jambha (Jodhpur) Jambhoji Teachings - 1. Green trees should not be cut. 2. Animal violence should not be done. 3. Blue clothes should not be worn. 4. Encouraged widow marriage. ❖ Jambhoji is called a "scientific saint". "Jasnath ji" ❖ He was born in Jat family in Katariyasar (Bikaner). ❖ Father - Hammir ❖ Mother - Rupade ❖ Main center - Katariyasar ❖ Jasnathji and Jambhoji met in Gorakhmalia (Bikaner) in 1500 AD. ❖ He was a contemporary of Sikander Lodi. ❖ Sikandar Lodi donated the land to him near Qatariyasar. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ He blessed the Lunakaran of Bikaner to become king. ❖ He had given 36 sermons to his followers. ❖ His followers wear black wool thread around his neck. ❖ His followers consider "peacock feathers" and "net tree" to be sacred. ❖ Agni dance is performed by his followers. ❖ His wife Kalalde is worshiped. ❖ Fair - Three times a year – (1) Chaitra Shukla Saptami (2) Ashwin Shukla Saptami (3) Magha Shukla Saptami Major Texts - (1) Simbhudada, (2) Konda Other Centers - (1) Bamlu, (2) Likhamadesar, (3) Poonrasar, (4) Malasar, (5) Panchala Siddha - Nagaur ❖ Samadhi of saints is called Badi (84 Badis Famous). Chief Saint – (1) Lalnathji - Jeeva Pact (2) Ramnath ji - Yashonath Purana (Bibles of Jasnathi Sampradaya) (3) Rustom Ji - He was honoured by Aurangzeb by giving him the nagara and the mark. "Charandas ji" ❖ Place of Birth - Dehra (Alwar) ❖ Father - Muraligar ❖ Mother - Kunjobai ❖ Childhood Name - Ranjeet ❖ Guru - Sukhdev ❖ Main Center - Delhi A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ Fair - on Basant Panchami ❖ He had given "42 sermons" to his followers. ❖ His followers wear "yellow-colored clothes". ❖ He predicted the invasion of Nadir shah (King of Iran in 1739 AD - invasion of India). ❖ Major disciple - (1) Daya Bai - ❖ Books - 1. Daya Bodh, 2. Vinay Malika (2) Sahajobai ❖ Books - Sahaj Prakash ❖ People of this community worship Lord Krishna with "Sakhi " feeling ❖ He taught both "Sagun" (those with devotional worship) and "Nirgun". ❖ He had given sermons in the "Mewati language". ❖ When Charan Das Ji came to Jaipur, Sawai Pratap Singh donated him to the village of Koliwara. "Laldas ji" ❖ Place of Birth - Dholidub (Alwar) ❖ Samadhi - Sherpur (Alwar) ❖ Main Center - Nangala Jahaj (Bharatpur) ❖ Fair - (1) Ashwin Shukla Ekadashi, (2) Magha Purnima ❖ Father - Chandmal ❖ Mother - Samada ❖ Guru - Gaddan Chishti ❖ Preaching - in Mewati language ❖ They had greater influence in Mewat region. ❖ Book- Laldas ki chetawani ❖ Bandholi - lived in Alwar for a long time. ❖ The main center of his son Qutub Khan - Bandholi A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  "Saint Haridas ji" ❖ Birth - Kapodod (Nagaur) ❖ Real Name – Hari singh Sankla ❖ Intially he was a dacoit, but later became a monk. ❖ Main Center: - Gadha (Didwana) ❖ He ran Haridasi or "Niranjani Sampradaya". ❖ He gave the message of devotion both "Nirgun and Saguna". ❖ Books: - 1. Mantra Raj Prakash, 2. Hari Purush ki vaani "Saint Mavji" ❖ Place of Birth: - Sabla (Dungarpur) ❖ He worshiped Lord Shri Krishna as a "Niskalanki avatar". ❖ He had started Niskalanki sect. ❖ His followers consider him to be the Kalki avatar of Vishnu. ❖ He composed Krishna Leela in "Vagadi language". ❖ Sant Mavji founded Beneshwar Dham (Dungarpur). ❖ Major Texts: - 1. Chopda ❖ This book is in dialogue style. It is read on Diwali. It consists predictions. There is a total of 5 Chopads, which is as follows- 1. Prem Sagar, 2. Megh Sagar, 3. Sam Sagar 4. Ratan Sagar 5. Ananth Sagar, ❖ Other centers – 1. Sheshpur 2. Punjpur. Balanandacharya ❖ Main Bench - Lohargal (Jhunjhunu) ❖ He used to keep army with him, so he is called "Lashkar saint". ❖ He was a contemporary of Aurangzeb. ❖ He saved 52 idols from Aurangzeb and took them to safe places. ❖ He had assisted Raj Singh of Mewar and Durgadas Rathod of Marwar against Aurangzeb. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Nawaldas ji ❖ Place of birth: - Harsolav (Nagaur) ❖ Main Center - Jodhpur ❖ Sect - Naval sect ❖ Book - Navaleshwar Anubhavani Lalgiri ji ❖ Place of Birth: - Sulkhania (Churu) ❖ Main Center - Bikaner ❖ Sect- Alakhia ❖ Book - Alakh Stuti Prakas Saint Dhanna ❖ Place of Birth: - Dhuvan (Tonk) ❖ He was born in a Jat family. ❖ Guru - Ramanand ji ❖ He Started the Bhakti movement in Rajasthan. ❖ His temple is built in "Boranada (Jodhpur)". ❖ He is also popular in Punjab. "Saint Peepa" ❖ Real Name: - Pratap Singh Khinchi ❖ He "was the king of Gagraun (Jhalawad). ❖ He was a disciple of Ramanand ji. (There were 12 disciples in total) ❖ Sant Pippa is the "main deity of the tailor society". ❖ He gave the message of devotion to Nirguna. ❖ Main Temple - Samdadi (Barmer) ❖ Cenotaph-Gagarun ❖ Cave - Toda (Tonk) ❖ Fair - Chaitra Purnima A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ Book - 1 Pampa Praparchi; 2 P Chidhana; 3 P Pampa Katha ❖ King Shursen of Toda was influenced by him and distributed his entire wealth among saints. Santdas ji ❖ Main Center - Dantda (Bhilwara) ❖ Sect – Godh sect Rajaram ji ❖ Main center - Shikarpura (Jodhpur) ❖ He had given the message of environmental protection. ❖ People of Patel society have special faith. Narahad Pir ❖ Real Name: - Hazrat Shakkar Baba ❖ Main center: - "Narhad (Jhunjhunu) ❖ Fair- "Krishna Janmashtami" ❖ People with mental disease are treated here ❖ It is a place of communal harmony and Hindu-Muslim unity. ❖ He is called "Bagad ka dhani”. ❖ "Salim Chishti" was his disciple. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Meera Bai ❖ Place of Birth: - "Kudki (Pali)" ❖ Father: - Ratan Singh (Feudal of Bajoli, martyred while fighting alongside Rana Sanga in the battle of Khanwa.) ❖ Meera Bai was raised in Merta under care of her grandfather "Duda". ❖ Meera Bai's Husband - "Bhojraj" ❖ Meera Bai used to worship Shree Krishna as "her husband" with "Sagun form". ❖ Mirabai's Guru: - "Raidas" ❖ Raidas ji's Cenotaph is in the fort of Chittor. ❖ Mirabai merged with the idol of Lord Krishna in the 'Ranchhod Temple' of Dwarka. ❖ Mahatma Gandhi considered Meerabai to be a "satyagrahi woman" who struggled against injustice. ❖ Mirabai is called "Radha of Rajasthan". ❖ Mirabai's Books: - 1. Rukmani Mangal 2. Satyabhama Nu Roussano 3. Geet Govind 4. Narsi ji row Mayro. (This book was written in collaboration with Ratna Khati) 5. Padawali Dr. Gopinath Sharma has said, "In the Rajput families, whose women take pride in the practice of Jauhar and who have maintained the principle of staying true to their religion, Meera told the world that she too was the same Rajput women. One of which will always stand firm on her determination, no matter how terrible the consequences. she cannot be ready for any kind of compromise For her deep love for Krishna, " Rana Bai A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492   Main Temple - Harnawa (Nagaur)  Mother - Ganga Bai, Father - Ram Gopal  Fair - A huge fair is organized every year on Bhadrapad Shukla Trayodashi in the temple complex located in Harnava.  She was a disciple of Saint Chaturdas ji of Paladi and was a devotee of Krishna.  It is believed that she protected Jodhpur Maharaja Abhay Singh during the Ahmedabad campaign.  She is called the second Meera of Rajasthan. Gavri Bai  She is called " Meera of vagad".  Maharaval Shiv Singh of Dungarpur built a "Bal-Mukund" temple, which is also known as "Gavri Bai's Temple". Bhakt kavi Durlab ✓ He is called "Narsingh of Vagad". Community 1. Vallabh Sampradaya / Rudra / Pushtirmarga Sampradaya: ❖ Devotees worships the "child form of Krishna". ❖ temple is called Haveli. ❖ The music sung here is called 'Haveli Sangeet'. ❖ The pictures that are made on the wall / curtain behind the Shri Krishna idol in the temple are called "Pichhwai". ❖ Pichhwai of Nathdwara is famous. ❖ There are 41 temples of Vallabh sect in Rajasthan. ❖ Main Temple: - 1. Mathuresh ji - Kota 2. Shri Nath Ji - Sihad (Nathdwara) 3. Dwarkadhish - Kakroli (Rajsamand) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  4. Gokul Chandra - Kaman (Bharatpur) 5. Madan Mohan - Kaman (Bharatpur) Ramanandi Sect ❖ Followers of the sect worship "Lord Ram" as "Rasik Nayak". ❖ Therefore it is also called "Rasik Sampradaya". ❖ Book of "Krishna Bhatt "Ram Rassou" is based on love story of Ram and Sita. This book was written during the time of Sawai Jai Singh. ❖ Major Centers: - 1. Galtaji (Jaipur) - Krishna Das "Payahari" was its founder. ❖ Amber King Prithvi Raj and his queen Balabai were followers of Krishnadas Payahari. ❖ Galta ji was the meditation site of the Galav sage in ancient times. It is also famous for the ancient Sun Temple. It is also the chief seat of the Ramanuja sect, so it is also called Northern Totadri. Galta ji is also known as Dawdamal Tonsamal. 2. Raivasa (Sikar): - Agradas ji Nimbark Cult ❖ Main Center: - Salemabad (Ajmer) ❖ Founder - Parshuramji (He was born in the Brahmin family of Khandela. Charanpadukas of Parshuram are worshiped in the temple of Salemabad. Salemabad is also called Parshurampuri. He also wrote books called Parashuram Sagar and Vipramati. ❖ Followers of this community consider Radha ji as the wife of Shri Krishna. ❖ Fair - Bhadrapad Shukla Aastmi (Radhaashtami) ❖ Jaipur Maharaja Jagatsingh II went to Salemabad for the blessings of his son. ❖ This sect was also propagated in Shekhawati area and the Shekhawat rulers were devotee of Lord Krishna and considered "Gopinath ji" as tuetalary. The prose and sayings of the Nimbarka sect were sung from village to village by the Bhajan congregations, so king Todarmal of Shekhawati had established A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  the Raas Mandal for them. The influence of the Nimbark sect is also seen in the Shekhawati painting. Ramsnehi Sect  This sect believes in "Nirguna Bhakti".  Dasharatha son Ram is not worshiped in this community, but the name Nirgun is worshiped. Their saints wear "pink colored clothes".  "Fulladol's Fair" takes place on the next day of Holi in Shahpura (Bhilwara). Main Center: - 1. Shahpura (Bhilwara) - Ramcharan ji established this center.  He was born in a Vaishya family in Soda village (Tonk). His father's name was Bakhtram and mother's name was Deuji. His original name was Ramkishan. He also served as a minister in the state of Jaipur. Swami Ramcharan ji received initiation from Guru Kriparam Ji at Dantada (Bhilwara). He opposed idolatry, polytheism and preached the monotheism and the worship of the formless Rama. On being harassed by the idolaters, Ramcharan ji went to Shahpura, where the ruler of Rana Singh established an Cenotaph and monastery for him. The spiritual teachings of Ramcharan ji are compiled in a book called Anabhaivani. 2. Ren (Nagaur) - It was founded by Dariyav ji. 3. Sinthal (Bikaner) - It was founded by Hariramdas ji. He wrote a yoga book called Nishani. 4. Khedapa (Jodhpur) - It was founded by Ramdas ji.  Jaimaldas is the Adi Acharya of "Sinthal" and "Khedapa" branch. Parnami sect ✓ Main center - Panna (Madhya Pradesh) ✓ Founder - Prannath ✓ The temple of "Parnami cult" is located in Adarsh Nagar (Jaipur) ✓ The main text of the sect is "Kujalam Swaroop". A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Nath Sect It is form of Shaivism , which was founded by Nath Muni. There is Gorakh dune in Nohar (Hanumangarh) and it is said that the first Guru Gorakhnath lived here. 12 branches were established from Guru Gorakhnath, out of which 2 branches are in Rajasthan. There are two major branches of Nath sect in Rajasthan - 1. Vairag-panthi (Ratadunga, Nagaur) - Bhartrihari was first preacher. 2. Man-Panthi (Mahamandir, Jodhpur) This temple was founded by Jodhpur Maharaja Maan Singh and his guru was Ayas Devnath. In 852 AD, King Devraj Bhati of Lodrava (Jaisalmer) was conferred the title of Rawal by Yogi Ratananath. According to Munnot Nainasi, Rawal Mallinath of Marwar was born with the blessings of Yogi Ratan Nath. According to Badar Dhadhi's book Veeramayan, Gogadev Rathore of Shergarh (Jodhpur) appeared and Jalandhar nath received a boon. There was a temple of Jalandhar Nath in the fort of Jalore. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk gods / saints and folk goddesses contribute to our culture 1. Social Reforms: - (i) Hindu Muslim unity (ii) Prevention of untouchability (iii) Empowered Women Empowerment (iv) Opposition of outside rituals (opposed idolatry) 2. Environmental/animal Conservation 3. Protection of religion and nationality 4. Prevention of sufferings 5. Moral and spiritual uplift 6. Emphasis on simple devotion 7. Promotion of folk culture 8. Promotion of folk literature / folk language 9. Promotion of painting 10. Architecture Importance of Fairs / Festivals: - 1. Simplicity in life 2. It helps in transferring social values from generation to generation. 3. Economic benefits - Development of tourism, revenue realization 4. Promotion of handicrafts - market center 5. Main center of purchase and sale of animals 6. Sports competition 7. Social harmony 8. Entertainment Center 9. Families of tribes introduce their culture 10. International popularity A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk Goddesses of Rajasthan Karni Mata Birth: - Suaap (Jodhpur) She was born in the Charan family. Her childhood name was Riddhi Bai. Main Temple: - "Deshnok" (Bikaner) It is called the temple of mice. Rats are called 'Kaaba'. white Kabe is considered auspicious. Karani Mata is called "white beard Old lady". Karani Mata's symbol: - eagle. Temple of Nehdi: - (Deshnok) Here Karni Mata used to live herself, and used to worship "Temderai Mataji". Her temple is also in Deshnok. (Nehdi - wood of blending) Jeen Mata Main Temple: - Raivasa (Sikar) The temple of his brother Harsha is also built on the nearby Harsha hill. Jeenmata's temple was built by "feudal Hattad Mohil" of Chauhan King Prithviraj I. Jeenmata is the 'goddess of tuetalary. Jeetmata's folk song is the longest. Jeenmata is called the "Goddess of honey bees". Aurangzeb used to send ghee of the lamp of this temple and he had made a chattra of the mother and presented it in this temple. Kaila Mata Her temple is located on the Trikut hill of Karauli. She is clan goddess of the "Jadaun dynasty" of Karauli. She is believed to be Hanuman's mother Ajni and Krishna's sister. Her devotees are called Languria. Her fair is organised on "Chaitra Shukla Ashtami" She is considered as the gentle form of Mataji. This is not a form of Shakti, so a fair is held only in the month of Chaitra (Navratra). A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  In front of his temple is the "Cenotaph of Bohra devotee"is located, where young children are treated. Sakraya Mata Main temple: - Udaipurwati Other Names: - Shakambhari Mata She is the tutelary goddess of Chauhan. She is the "clan diety of Khandelwalas". Other Temples: - 1. Sambhar (Jaipur) 2. Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh) Ashapura Mata Main Temple: - Nadoul (Pali) Modara (Jalore) She is the clan goddess of the Chauhan and Bissa Brahmins. The women who worship her do not put henna in their hands while worshiping Tanaut Mata Main Temple: - Tannaut (Jaisalmer) The soldiers of BSF worship her. She is also called "Vaishno Devi of Thar" and "Goddess of handkerchief". Swangia Mata Main temple: - Bhadariya (Jaisalmer) She is the clan goddess of the Bhati dynasty of Jaisalmer. Symbol: - Sugan Chirri Awad Mata is also considered as her form. Her temple is built in Jaisalmer. Bhadariya has the largest underground library in the world. Aayi Mata Main Temple: - Bilada (Jodhpur) She is the "clan goddess of Sirvi society". Her main temple is called Badare and other temple is called Dargah. Saffron drips with the flame of the lamp of her main temple. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  The flame of the lamp does not make the wall black. She was the 'disciple of Ramdevji'. Therefore, she also made efforts to remove untouchability and establish Hindu-Muslim unity. Sacchiyai Mata Main Temple: - Osian (Jodhpur) Clan Goddess of Oswal (Baniya) This temple was built by Gurjara Pratihar in the "Mahamaru style". Rani Sati Real Name: - "Narayani Devi" Main Temple: - Jhunjhunu She was sati with her husband "Tandhandas Agarwal". She is also grandma Daadi sati. Narayani Devi Main Temple - Alwar She belonged to barber community and was sati with her husband. She is the clan goddess of the barber caste People of the Meena caste also worship her. Sunda Mata There is a temple of Sunda Mata in the hills of Jaswantpura near Bhinmal in Jalore. Rope way was started here. A bear sanctuary has been established here. Chamunda Mata Her main temple is in Mehrangarh Fort of Jodhpur. There was an accident on 30 September 2008, in which Jasram Chopra Commission was formed to investigate. Sheetla Mata Main Temple - Chaksu (Jaipur) Construction - by Madhosingh I The potters are priests in this temple A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  She is worshiped as the "smallpox protector goddess". Sterile women worship her to have children. The only goddess whose broken idol is worshiped. Awari Mata Main Temple - Nikumbh (Chittorgarh) "paralyzed person is treated" in here temple Badli Mata Main Temple - Akola (Chittorgarh) Small children are treated here. Mahamaya Her temple is in Mavli (Udaipur). Small children are also treated here. Ambika Mata Main Temple - Jagat (Udaipur) This temple is called "Khajuraho of Mewar". (The Khajurah temples are in Madhya Pradesh, which were built by the kings of Chandel dynasty.) Bhadana Mata Main temple - Kota Persons suffering from ill effect of black magic are treated here Brahmini Mata Main Temple - Sansaran (Baran) The only goddess whose back is worshipped A "fair of donkeys" on Magh Shukla Saptami is organised here Tripur Sundari Main Temple - "Talwada (Banswara)" She is also called "Turtai Mata". A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Jwala Mata Main Temple - Jobner (Jaipur) Clan goddess of Khangarotha (Kachwaha) Cheek Mata Main temple - Jaipur Fair is organized on Magha Shukla Saptami Nakati Mata Main Temple - Jai Bhawanipura (Jaipur) Her Nose is broken. Kevaiye Mata Temple- Kinsaria (Nagaur) Dadhimati Mata Main temple - Goth, Manglod (Nagaur) Clan goddess of Dadhich Brahmins. Bhanwal Mata Main Temple – Bhanwal, Merta (Nagaur) She is offered 2 and 1/2cups of liquor. Markandi Mata Main Temple - Nimaz (Pali) Shemkari Mata Main Temple - Bhinmal (Jalore) Harshad Mata Main Temple - Abhaneri (Dausa) Jiladi Mata Main Temple - Alwar A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Ghevar Mata Main Temple - Rajsamand (Rajsamand lake’s foundation was laid) Rajeshwari Mata Main Temple - Bharatpur (clan goddess of Bharatpur dynasty (Jat)) Latial Mother Main Temple: - Faludi (Jodhpur) Clan Goddess of Kalla Brahmins Kantesari Mata Clan Goddess of Tribals A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk Saints, Folk Deities Folk Goddess Contribution to culture 1. Social Reforms I. Hindu-Muslim unity II. Abolition of untouchability- Ramdevji, Pabuji etc. III. Women empowerment IV. Opposition of Brahmanism (opposition to idolatry) 2. Message of environmental / animal protection 3. Protection of religion and nationality - Kallaji, Goga ji etc. 4. Prevention of sufferings 5. Moral and spiritual upliftment 6. Emphasis on simple devotion - Nirgun Bhakti 7. Promotion of folk culture - Agni dance, Terathali dance etc. 8. Promotion of folk literature / folk language 9. Promotion of painting - Phad, Pichhwai 10. Architecture - Temples, Mosques etc. 11. Importance of Fairs / Festivals (1) harmony in life (2) Transfer of social values from generation to generation (3) Economic benefits - development of tourism, revenue generation etc. (4) Promotion of handicrafts - market center (5) Main center of buying and selling of animals - cattle fairs (6) sports competition (7) Social harmony (8) Center of entertainment (9) Familiarity from tribal culture. (10) International popularity A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk Songs of Rajasthan The folk song is a reflection of the natural evocations of the common people. Folk songs are a spontaneous expression of the joy and sorrow of the human mind Poet Ravindra Nath Tagore called folk songs an art that carries a pleasant message of culture. In the words of Gandhiji, "folk song is the language of the people, folk song is the watchman of our culture. Defining folk songs in the Standard Dictionary of Folklore Mythology and Legend states that "folk songs are musical poetic compositions of a people whose literature is unabated with oral tradition, not with writing or printing. Rajasthani folk songs can be divided into three parts - 1. Folk songs of Common People 2. Professional folk songs 3. Regional folk songs Folk songs of Common People - These songs are sung by the public on various occasions. It can be divided into five parts. 1. Folk songs related to Sanskara :- Sagai, Badhawa, Chakbhat, Ratajga, Myra, Haldi, Ghodi, Bana-bani, Vara Nikaasi, Torana, Hathlewa, Kanwar Kaleva, Jimnavar, Kankanandora, Jala, Jua - Jui, Bindola, Jacha 2. Folk songs related to the festival - Teej, Gangaur, Rasiya, Hori, Dhamaal. 3. Season related folk songs - Phag, Siyala, Barh Masa, Cheti, Kajali, Chaumasa, Papio, Badli, Mor. 4. Religious folk songs - Languria, Teja, Chiraja, Harjas. 5. Miscellaneous Folk Songs - Among such songs, Idoni, Kangasio, Goraband, Panihari, Lur, Olun, Supana, Hichki, Mumal, Kurjan, Kajalia, Kaga etc. are very melodious. The beauty of folk music is seen in children's play songs, magic songs etc. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Professional Folk Songs Many castes in Rajasthan adopted music as a profession during the time of the monarchies. These castes sang songs in praise of their shelter, King Maharaja and the feudal lords The major musical castes - Dholi, Mirasi, Langa, Kalavant, Bhat, Rao, Jogi, Kamad, Vairagi, Gandharva, Bhope, Bhavai, Rana, Kalbeliya, Kathik etc. These songs reflect the shadows of many ragas like Mand, Des, Sorath, Maru, Parj, Kalingra, Jogia, Asavari, Bilawal, Peelu, Khamaj etc. The heroic songs sung during the war by the commercial castes were based on the Sindhu and Maru ragas. Regional Folk Songs They can be mainly divided into three parts - 1. Folk Songs of Desert Region Area - Barmer, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur Songs - Kurjaan, Peepli, Ratan Rano, Mumal, Ghughari, Kevda etc. Due to the free atmosphere, the folk songs of this place have higher vocals and longer melodies and more vocal expansion. 2. Folk Songs of Hills Area Area - Udaipur, Dungarpur, Banswara, Pratapgarh, Sirohi. Songs - Patelya, Bichio, Laler, Machhar, Nokhila, Thaari Oonta Ri Aswari, Naveri Aswari, Shikaar, Hamseedhon. There is more prevalence of group folk songs in them They have more tribal folk songs. 3. Folk Songs of Plain Region - Area - Jaipur, Kota, Alwar, Bharatpur, Karoli, Dhaulpur. Songs - Songs of Bhakti and Shringar Rasa Thus, Rajasthan is a prosperous state in terms of folk music. From the point of view of Rasa, here is the maximum number of songs of Shringar-Rasa. In which there is more description of disconnection, the reason behind this is the tendency of A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  alienation for earning or trading etc. of men. Shringar Rasa is followed by Shant Rasa and thenVeer. Folk songs 1. Kesariya Balam - The state song of Rajasthan which is sung in "Mand singing style". In this, the wife calls her husband back from Pardes. 2. Moreo - A song sung by a girl who has been engaged but is yet to get married. 3. Kurjan The message sends through Kurjan bird to her husband who has gone abroad. Kuranja - Siberian Cranes 4. Suvatio Bhil women send messages to their husbands through parrots. Kaga - By blowing up the crow, the woman celebrates the omen of the return of her estranged husband. Hichki - Folk song of Mewat Region (Alwar) that is sung when someone recalling. Bichudo - Hadoti Region’s folk songs Kaman - A song sung to save the groom from witchcraft. Badhawa - A folk song sung when an auspicious work is completed. Sithane – Song sung by women at the time of marriage. Pavana – A song to be sung on the arrival of son-in-law. Jorwa – Jaisalmer region folk song which is sung in memory of someone. Dhola – Maru A folk song from Sirohi region which is based on the love story of Dhola Maru. It is sung by singers of Dhadhi caste Olue / Cuckoo Peepli - Through Peepli, the wife remembers her husband who is in abroad and asks him to come back These songs are sung at the time of Teej in Shekhawati and Marwar. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Chirmi - The girl living in the in-laws remembers her loved ones through the chirmi plant. Humsidho - Folk songs sung by the Bhil tribe in harmony with the men and women. Gorbandh - The neck jewelry of a camel. The song is sung by women while making it. It is a folk song of the Shekhawati region. Panihari - Women who carrying water Folklore of a virtuous woman Rajasthan's Folk Music Style Mand :- In ancient times, "Jaisalmer region" was called Mand. Hence, here the developed folk music style is called Mand which later became popular in entire Rajasthan. Major Mand Singers - Allah Milai Bai - Bikaner Gawri Bai - Pali Jamila Bano - Jodhpur Banno Begum - Jaipur Mangibai - Udaipur Manganiyar - In Jaisalmer and Barmer region, folk music style is developed by the Manganiyars. Major Instruments - Kamaycha - Sakar Khan Manganiyar Khadtal - Saddik Khan Manganiyar Saddik Khan Manganiyar Rajasthan Folk Arts Research Council 3. Langa - Folk music style developed by the Langa caste in Jaisalmer, Barmer region. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Main Instrument - Kamaycha Stringed Instrument Main song - Nimbuda (song sung by a pregnant woman) Taalbandi - The folk music style developed by the Sadhus - Sanyasis of "Braj Region" which became popular in Bharatpur, Karoli, Alwar, Sawai Madhopur etc. areas of Rajasthan. Main Instrument - Nagada Music Gharanas of Rajasthan Gharana Founder Other artists Jaipur Manrang Mohammad Ali Khan - Kothi (Khyal Singing Style Ali Baksh Wale Patiala Fateh Ali Gulam Ali Khan (Branch of Jaipur Gharana The Nawab of Tonk Manatol Khan (Crying Fakir) Atrauli gave him the title Pandit Jasraj (Branch of Jaipur Gharana "General - Colonel 1. Bhimsen Joshi Mewati Sahib khan 2. Roshan Ara Begum Kirana Ghagghe Nazir 3. Gangu Bai Hangal Dagar Khan 4. Ustad Rajab Ali Beankar Bande Ali Khan Allah diya khan Baharam khan Senia Gharana dagar Kishori Amonkar Rangila Gharana Rajab Ali Khan Amrit Sen Kathak Gharana "Beankar“ Allah diya khan Surat Sen Ramadan Khan Bhanu Ji A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Features of Rajasthan Folk Songs Our folk songs have given a personification of nature which shows our love of nature. Ex - Chirmi, Peepli, Jeera In our folklore, animals and birds have been considered family members Exm. Kaga, Kuranja, Suvatio Our social beliefs reveal our social rituals Our culture is transferred from one generation to another through folk songs. Shringar Rasa is described in our folk songs but they do not contain vulgarity. Our folk songs became a means of employment for various tribes. Our folk songs evolved into various Musical Gharanas and folk music style Due to the feudal environment in Rajasthan, songs of Veer-Rasa were sung. Songs of folk deities bring hope to the depressed mind. Various folk songs were sung in Rajasthan during the freedom struggle, which led to a public awakening in Rajasthan. Exm. Like - Panchhida Our regional songs reveal our regional characteristics and economic status A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Folk Dance- There are two types of folk dance of Rajasthan 1) Regional Folk Dance 2) Tribal folk dance Regional Folk Dance- 1) Ghumar- It is State Dance It is Soul of Rajasthan Women Rotates on its own axis only showing the elasticity of the hands It is performed only by women on Teej festival and other occasions. Its 8 stages are called “Sawai”. Main Instruments - Dhol, Nagara, Shehnai 2) Kachchhi Ghodi- Professional folk dance performed by men in the Shekhawati region Four men dance in 2 rows. Scene of the blossoming and closing of the flower while dancing A wooden mare is tied. 3) Fire Dance- It is performed by the people of Jasnathi sect. Major Center- Katariyasar (Bikaner) Dance on Burning Embers Used to speak Fate – Fate Promoted by Bikaner Maharaja Ganga Singh Agriculture Activities are done during this dance. 4) Dhol Dance- It is prevailed Jalore Region It is done in Thakna Style Men of Dholi, Mali, Sargada, Bheel perform this folk dance Jai Narayan Vyas encouraged it. 5) Ghudhla Dance- In Jodhpur, women perform this dance from Sheetlashtami to Gangaur. In memory of King Saatal who killed Ghudale Khan. Women dance with a pierced Pot on their head. A lamp is kept in a pot. Mani Shankar Ganguly, Komal Kothari, and Devi Lal Samar promoted this dance. Komal Kothari has been awarded Padama Award twice. Komal Kothari along with Vijay Dan Detha established the Rupayan Institute in Borunda Jodhpur in 1960. Devi Lal Samar established Bhartiya Lok Kala Mandal in 1952 in Udaipur, which is known for puppets game. 6) Terah Taali- The women of Kamadiya Sect perform dance at the time of Ramdevji's fair. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Now it is getting Professional In this, 9 Manjiras in the right leg and 2 Manjiras tied with elbows and 2 Manjiras in their hands to perform dance in sitting position. Women perform stunts while dancing Musical Instruments - Tanpura, Chautara Main Center- Padarla Pali Main Performer- Maangi Bai 7) Chari Dance- Folk dance performed by Gurjar women in Kishangarh region. Dancing by placing the chari on the head, burning cotton seeds are kept in the chari. Main Performer- Falku Bai 8) Bhawaai Dance- Folk dance performed by Bhavai community in Udaipur division. In this, less attention is paid to music and more stunts are performed. Features- ✓ Dancing on Sword ✓ Dance on Embers ✓ Dancing by placing 7-8 pots on the head. 9) Gindad Dance- Performed by men on the occasion of Holi in the Shekhawati region. In the round circles, Men keep wooden sticks in their hands and perform dance. A man who dances by wearing women's clothes is called Gangaur. Main Musical Instrument- Nagada 10) Bam Dane- Folk dance performed by men in Bharatpur region. Main Musical Instrument- Nagada (It is called as Bam) The song sung in it is called Rasiya Hence, this dance is also called Bam Rasiya. 11) Chung Dance- It is done in Shekhawati Region, on the occasion of Holi. 12) Bindori Dance- It is done in Jhalawar Region, on the occasion of Holi. 13) Daang Dance- It is done in Nathdawara region, on the occasion of Holi. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Dances of Bheel Tribe- 1) Gair- It is a Folk dance of the Bhil tribe in Mewar region This folk dance is also performed in Marwar on the occasion of Holi and participated by people from all castes, religions. In the round circles, Men keep wooden sticks in their hands and perform dance. Dancewear – Aungi Main center- Kanana (Barmer) 2) Gawari- This dance is performed by the Bhil men in Mewar It starts from the next day of Raksha Bandhan and lasts for 40 days. It is also called Rai dance 3) Yuddh- It is performed With Sword and Spear. 4) Dwichakri- It is performed by Making two circles. 5) Neja- It belongs to both the Bhil and Meena tribes. Both women and men take participation in this. In this, coconut is tied on a wooden stick, women protect this coconut and men try to remove it. 6) Ghumra- It is performed by Women of Bheel Tribe in Banswara Region 7) Hathimana- It is performed on the occasion of marriage. In it men dance on their knees. Garasiya- 1) Waalar- It is performed without musical Instruments. Both Man and Woman participate in it. 2 circles are made while dancing. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  2) Maadal- It is performed with an instrument called Maadal. 3) Lur- This dance is performed by the Garasiya women of the Lur gotra. There are 2 sides of the women while dancing. In this, the women of the groom's side demand a girl from the bride's side. 4) Kuud- Dance, which is performed on the beat of applause & without any instrument. 5) Jawara- The Garasiya women dance at the time of Holi with sorghum in their hands. 6) Moriya- It is performed by Garasiya Men at the time of marriage. 7) Gaur- It is performed on the occasion of Gangaur. Kalbeliya- Chakri- Women dance briskly in a circular pose. Main Performer- Gulaabo Shankariya- It is a Kalbeliya Couple Dance based on love story. Bagadiya- It is performed by Kalbeliya women while begging. Main instrument –Pungi, Khanjari ❖ Note – A Training School has been opened in Hathi Gaon to teach Kalbeliya dance ❖ Kalbeliya dance is included in UNESCO's Heritage List. Kanjar- 1) Chakari- Women perform this dance. Women wear dress named Khushni while performing Chakari dance. 2) Dhakad- It is performed by man of Kanjar tribe. Kathori- 1) Mavliya- Performed by the men on the occasion of Navratra. 2) Holi- By women, on the time of Holi. Pyramid formation during dance. Dances by wearing Fadka Sari. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  Rajasthan's Tribes Rajasthan is ranked sixth in India in There is a temple in Chittorgarh. terms of population of the tribe. ii. Chauth Mata - Sawai Madhopur iii. Rakt Danji mata - in bundi (in Ist - Madhya Pradesh santoor) IInd - Maharashtra iv. Hanuman In their homes, a window at the back IIIrd - Orissa is compulsory. IVth - Bihar They do not lie after drinking the cup of hākam raja. Vth - Gujarat Alcohol is poured into the mouth of VIth - Rajasthan a dead person. They bury the dead body. The largest population of the tribe in They like meat of peacock. Rajasthan is in Udaipur. The chief is called 'Patel'. The highest percentage of tribe is in 'Banswara'. Dance by - Chakri, Dhakad Minimum population of Tribe - 2. Kathodi Tribe Bikaner Minimum percentage - 'Nagaur' This tribe is originally a tribe of Maharashtra. 1. Kanjar Tribe They used to make katha from the The word Kanjar is derived from tree of khair, hence, it is called Kananachara, which means wandering kathaudi. in the forest. There maximum population is in Udaipur district of Rajasthan. The Kanjar tribe lives mainly in Kathudi does not drink milk. Hadoti region. They are very fond of alcohol. The main occupation of the Kanjar Women also drink alcohol. tribe is 'to commit crime'. Women do not wear jewelry. They ask for blessings from God The woman make tattoo before committing a crime, it is The head of the Kathodi tribe is called 'Pati Manga'. called 'Nayak'. Diety: Their hut is called 'Kholra'. i. Jogania Mata: clan diety of Kanjar A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  The Kathodi are a vulnerable tribe. ✓ Fair of Gyaras - Dungarpur And only 35-40 families of them are The influence of Gujarati is seen on left. their language. The Rajasthan government provides Men also wear Jewellery like 250 days of employment to women. MNREGA, giving them special benefits. 4. Sansi Diety : Dungardev, Vastu Dev, Gam ❖ They resides mainly in the Dev, Bharti Mata, Kansari Mata Bharatpur region. They are very fond of monkey meat. ❖ This is the only tribe that does not Dance: - Mavaliya, Holi marry widows. ❖ They have two sub-castes: Bija, Mala 3. Damor Tribe ❖ They swear on 'Bhakhar Bawji' and They mainly reside in Dungarpur do not lie. While swearing Bhakhar district. Bavji, keep the address of Peepal in Dhamor traces its origins to the one hand and the axe in the other Rajputs. Their gotras are similar to hand. Rajputs like Chauhan, Sisodia, ❖ 'Sikodari Mata' is his main tutelary Parmar etc. Devi. Seemalwara Panchayat Samiti of ❖ Kukri Ritual: - The girl has to test her Dungarpur is called 'Damaria Area'. character after marriage. The only tribe that is not dependent 5. Garasia Tribe on forests, rather they do farming and animal husbandry. ❖ They mainly resides in Abu and Polygamy is prevalent in them. Pindwara in Sirohi district, The bride is obtained by paying the ❖ Bali Tehsil of Pali and bride price. This bride price is called ❖ Gogunda Tehsil of Udaipur. 'Dapa'. ❖ They considers Nakki lake as a holy Their head is called ‘Mukhi’. place, and immerses the bones. The event which is done on the ❖ The peacock and white animal are occasion of Holi is called 'Chadiya'. considered sacred. Fair: - ❖ Their head is called 'Sahlot or Palvi'. ✓ Chaila Bavji's Fair - Panchmahal ❖ love marriage is given more priority. (Gujarat) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492  ❖ More love marriages take place at ❖ Cooperative Society - Helroo Gangaur fair in Ghiawa village. 6. Sahariya Tribe ❖ Gharasia women are known for their beauty. (The most beautiful in  The word Sahariya has its origin in Rajasthan) the Persian language word 'Sahar' which means jungle. Types of Marriage of Ghrasia Tribe: -  They are residing in Shahbad and i. Morabandhiya Kishanganj in Baran district ii. Tanna - Marriage by paying money  This is the only tribe, which has been iii. Pehrawna given the status of 'primitive tribes' iv. Melbo by the Government of India, v. Khevano - Marrying the lover Three-tier Panchayat System: vi. Seva i. Panchtai - 5 villages Panchayat System: ii. Ekadasia - 11 villages 1. Moti Nyat: - The Garasiya are called iii. Chaurasi - 84 villages Babor Haia.  The Panchayat of Chorasi village is 2. Nanki Nyat - Moderia held in the 'Valmiki temple' of 3. Nichali Niyat Sitabari. ❖ If a Garasia man marries any Bhil  He considers Valmiki as their woman, it is called Bhil Garasia. Adipurush. ❖ If a Garasia woman marries any Bhil  Kodia Mata is clan diety man, then it is called 'Gameti  They also worship Tejaji and Garasia'. Bhairanuji. Fairs -  They do not take dowry.  The dead person is not worshiped in ✓ 'Koteshwar Fair - Ambaji (Gujarat) Shraddh ✓ 'Chetar Vichitra Mela - Delwara  They do not perform couple dance. (Sirohi)  The women keep a Ghunghat in the ❖ The memorial built in memory of a house. Ghunghat system is not deceased person is called 'Hurray'. practised outside the house. ❖ They build cells for storage called  Women can get tattooed, but men Sohri and the courtyard outside the are prohibited. house is called Osra.  Their head is called 'Kotwal'. A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 9636977490, 8955577492   Their big village is called 'Saharol' and small settlement is called ❖ Folk diety – Totam 'Saharana'. ❖ Tree plants are considered to be the  There is a community center in the symbol of 'totum'. middle of the village. It is called ❖ marriage ceremony is performed by 'Dhalia / Hathi / Bangla'. considering tree plants as witness in  The houses are built on top of trees, the Bhil tribe. This is called they are called 'Korua / Topa / ‘Hathivendo marriage’. Gopna'. ❖ The Bhil tribe does not perform child  There is a tradition of singing heed marriages. on the Deepawali. ❖ On the occasion of the wedding, the  Lathmar Holi is played on the Holi. son-in-law make a portrait of  On the occasion of Makar Sankranti, Bharadi Mata in the in-laws' house. 'Legi' is played with wooden poles. ❖ Baradi Mata is called the goddess of  Alha and lenghi songs are singh in marriage. rainy season.