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Transcript
## Elements of Literature - Epics are long narrative poems that celebrate the adventure and achievements of a heroic figure. - Ballads are song-like poems that tell a story, often dealing with adventures and romance. - Sonnets are poems with 14 lines. - Haiku is a special type of poem from Japan wh...
## Elements of Literature - Epics are long narrative poems that celebrate the adventure and achievements of a heroic figure. - Ballads are song-like poems that tell a story, often dealing with adventures and romance. - Sonnets are poems with 14 lines. - Haiku is a special type of poem from Japan which consists of 17 syllables. - Free Verse are poems that do not follow any rhythmical patterns. - Drama is designed to be performed and made up of dialogue and set direction. The story is presented by the actors and actresses on a stage. - **Comedy** is humorous and has a happy ending. Its tone is light and is intended to make the audience laugh. - **Tragedy** is a drama form in which the main character suffers a downfall. Murders, deaths, insanity, and pain are among the most common ideas in tragedies. - **Tragicomedy** is a special kind of drama that combines features of tragedy and comedy. It means a play may be sad but will have a happy ending, or it may be serious with some elements of humor emerging throughout the play. - **Melodrama** is a kind of drama in which everything is hyperbolized. Themes depicted are simple and without any unpredictable plot twists. Stereotypes prevail. For prose fiction, nonfiction prose and drama, these genres may share the same elements like characters, point-of-view, plot, setting and themes. On the other hand, poetry may use *persona* in exchange for character in most cases, using figurative languages and sound devices. ### Character The representation of a human being in a story. Character can be presented in two ways, direct where the narrator describes the character or indirect, where the characters are describing the others through character's speech and reactions. - **Protagonist** is the central character of the story, the hero. - **Antagonist** is the force working against the protagonist, the villain. - **Static Character** remains the same throughout the story. They have one or two characteristics that never change and are often over-emphasized. - **Dynamic Character (developing)** undergoes permanent change. This character has many-sided personalities that change by the end of the story. - **Flat Character** is one who does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. - **Round Character** is one who is capable of change and evolution throughout the story. ### Setting Refers to the time and place when and where the story happened. It establishes the historical, geographical, and physical location. Serving as symbol, the setting creates an atmosphere for the story. ### Plot Describes the structure of a story, showing the causal arrangement of events and actions within it. The plot draws the reader into the characters' lives and helps understand the choices they make. Plots can be told in different ways: - **Chronological**: The usual flow of the story. - **Flashback**: The story starts from the future, but then goes back to the past. - **En Media Res**: The story begins in the middle of things. #### Plot Components - **Exposition/Introduction:** The start of the story, the situation before the actions begin.
