Week 7 Inoculation Theory PDF

News Literacy How (3): Inoculation Theory Harry Febrian, Ph.D. | Week 7 So far… What (News literacy and a broader information/digital media literacy) Why (why we need news literacy) How1 (how can we be more news literate?)—>borrowing techniques from quality journalism How2 (quality journalis...

News Literacy How (3): Inoculation Theory Harry Febrian, Ph.D. | Week 7 So far… What (News literacy and a broader information/digital media literacy) Why (why we need news literacy) How1 (how can we be more news literate?)—>borrowing techniques from quality journalism How2 (quality journalism: veri cation, independence, transparency) fi this session… How(3) to be more news literate? The previous how (1 and 2) are from the perspective of audience or consumer: people who consume news/content/information How(3) ipped the scenario: learning the perspective from the producers: people who produce/create (fake) news/content/(dis/mis)information fl “The Vaccine for Fake News” Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=Jqt7B857ooM Let’s start! Context: addressing fake news/ content/(mis/dis)information Tweaking the social media/search engine algorithm Developing fact-checking tools Government’s regulation Fostering critical and well-informed news consumers Context: weaknesses cannot be 100% accurate, cannot fact-check all the content in the world unclear regulation with the potential to impede on our freedom of speech and expression Costly and limited potential to scale  Here come the idea of inoculation Inoculation theory: people are able to build up a resistance against false or misleading information by being presented with a weakened version of a misleading argument before being exposed to the “real” information. Think about the idea of a “vaccine” Get Bad News Game Hope to inoculate you against the six most common type of disinformation techniques: 1. Impersonation 2. Emotion 3. Polarization 4. Conspiracy 5. Discredit 6. Trolling Impersonation Impersonating a real person or organization by mimicking their appearance, for example by using a slightly di erent username. Posing as a legitimate news website or blog without the usual journalistic credentials and guidelines. ff Emotion Emotional content is content that is not necessarily ‘fake’ or ‘real’ but deliberately plays into people’s basic emotions such as fear, anger or empathy. Polarization Polarization: deliberate attempts to expand the gap between the political left and the political right. In you context: consider the political left and the political right in the context of the “pro” and the “cons” of a certain issue: US- China relationship, China-Japan relationship etc Conspiracy the belief that unexplained events are orchestrated by a covert group or organization can you think of some examples of conspiracy theory? Discredit When disinformative news sites are accused of bad journalism, they tend to de ect attention away from the accusation by attacking the source of the criticism or denying that the problem exists. Ad hominen attack fl Trolling originally means ‘slowly dragging a lure or baited hook from the back of a shing boat’. In the eld of disinformation, it means deliberately evoking an emotional response by using bait. When someone comments or responds to something a post, usually in a confrontational way that is designed to garner a strong, emotional reactio fi fi  Credit: Cambridge Social Decision-Making Lab Prepare for your 1st assignment In class-exam (30%) Consists of three processes: 1. Group consultation 2. Individual in-class closed exam 3. Individual verbal consultation Next session (Thursday, Oct 17): Create a group in today’s session (3-4 students) Each group have to review our course materials in Week 1, 2, 3, and 7 Next session (Thursday, Oct 24 and Tuesday, Oct 29): Group session: @15 minutes Each group have to review our course materials in Week 1, 2, 3, and 7 Next session (Thursday, Oct 31): Individual exam Next session (Tue/ Thurs, Nov 5 & 7): Individual verbal consultation Question?