Social Groups & Formal Organizations PDF

Social Groups & Formal Organizations GENERAL SOCIOLOGY  Aggregate: individuals who Clarification temporarily share the same of terms: physical space but is not considered as belonging together. Category: individuals who share...

Social Groups & Formal Organizations GENERAL SOCIOLOGY  Aggregate: individuals who Clarification temporarily share the same of terms: physical space but is not considered as belonging together. Category: individuals who share the same characteristics but do not interact with each other. Group: individuals that considered themselves as belonging together, and they interact with each other.  As per Charles Cooley: PRIMARY By primary groups I mean those characterized by intimate face-to-face GROUPS association and cooperation. They are primary in several senses, but chiefly in that they are fundamental in forming the social nature and ideals of te individual. The values and attitudes become fused into our identity. Even as adults, early primary groups remain inside us.  Formed based on interest or SECONDARY activity; contemporary society GROUPS could not function without secondary groups. However, secondary groups fail to satisfy our deep needs for intimate associations. Although sometimes, it tend to break down into primary groups.  In-groups: groups which we feel loyalty. Other 1. 2. Out-groups: groups which we feel significant antagonism. NOTE: identification among in-groups and out-groups can generate sense of concepts: belonging, loyalty, superiority, and often produce rivalries. 3. Reference groups: groups we use as standards to evaluate ourselves. 4. Social networks: an invisible web that extend outward from yourself, and gradually encompassing more and more people. BUREAUCRACI Weber theorized on the new emerging form of group – the ES bureaucracy. Characteristic 1. Clear assignments flowing downward, accountability s of flowing upward. Bureaucracies 2. Division of labor. 3. Written rules 4. Written communication and records. 5. Impersonality. RATIONALIZATION Weber posits that bureaucracy, as a powerful form of social OF SOCIETY/ organization, will eventually MCDONALDIZATIO dominate social life. This N PHENOMENON phenomenon is called the rationalization of society. George Ritzer on McDonaldization of Society.