PHS 311 (Components of School Health Services) PDF

PHS 311 (SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION) COMPONENTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES DR. ABDUL-RASHEED O. TIJANI DEPARTMENT of PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE, FACULTY OF ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIEN...

PHS 311 (SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION) COMPONENTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES DR. ABDUL-RASHEED O. TIJANI DEPARTMENT of PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE, FACULTY OF ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE 16/01/2025 1 INTRODUCTION One of the triad of School Health Programme SHP began in Nigeria in 2006 The main objective is to ensure a healthy and productive students This should be provided in all schools Traditional 3-component model Health School Education Healthful Health School services Environm ent School Health Programm e Components of School Health Services Medical examination (Pre-enrolment of pupils and pre- employment of teachers) Environmental sanitation Nutritional services/de-worming programme Control of endemic diseases Health education Assessment of handicapped children Record keeping of sickness absence, illnesses and injuries Treatment of common illnesses and injuries Medical examination Pre-entry Medical and Dental Screening: This will assist with evaluation of the health status of a child prior to entering school. A pre-enrolment medical/dental screening should be done for the students A pre-employment medical/dental screening should be done for the teachers and all other school personnel. The screening should be conducted by trained, competent and experienced health personnel.  Benefits of Medical and Dental Screening It helps to: make a comprehensive appraisal of the child’s health status. discover defects give valuable information to parents and school personnel. provide professional counsel for any existing deviation. indicate the extent to which school health programme should be modified to benefit the child. determine the fitness of the child to participate in the school programmes. ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION There should be a deliberate effort to ensure the school is clean A team should be in charge This should be done daily Carrot and stick approach should be used  NUTRITION A daily menu should be adopted Food should be highly nutritious and sourced locally A team should inspect regularly Regular de-worming exercise should be done at least once every 3 months. Food supplementation should also be included Control of endemic diseases These are diseases that are constantly present in our environment Routine screening should be ensured Preventive practices must be done regularly Appropriate treatment should be done Infected students/staff should not be allowed in the school Health education This should be done regularly Topics to be discussed should be common health issues It should be clear, concise and correct There should be opportunity for questions to be asked  Assessment of handicapped children Periodical observation by the teachers should be carried out at the beginning of every term. Visual and hearing screening to be done periodically at the school health services centre at the beginning of every session. Dental/oral health screening to be done as a preventive and appraisal measure every six months at the school health services centre by a dentist Learners observed with disability should be referred to the school health centre. Assessment of handicapped children (Special Needs Integration Services) This refers to the service that adequately caters for children with special needs/ disabilities Categories of students with disability and interventions 1. Deafness: text to speech technology, sign language 2. Blindness: braille, tactile languages 3. Developmental delay: nutritional and medical intervention 4. Intellectual disability: use concrete object, invest in educational resources 5. Learning disability: under study their strength and weakness 6. Speech language impairment 7. Physical disability: provision of walkway for wheel chairs The should be sensitization program on avoidance of discrimination of special need children.  RECORD KEEPING A record keeping system provides for consistency, confidentiality and security of records in documenting significant health information. Pre-entry health form, containing essential health information supplied by parents and primary health care giver, must be filled and submitted to the school health centre. Information from this pre-entry health form must be put in the health record card for the child. The health information goes with the learner from class to class. If the learner transfers to another school the original health record file or exercise book should go with him and duplicate should be retained by the original school. RECORD KEEPING  The health record should contains: Personal and family history History of past illness/hospitalization with relevant information on treatment received and whether follow- up is necessary and being carried out. Records of immunization and screening tests. Records of height and weight taking at regular interval. This will help in appraisal of rate of physical development of each child. Results of teacher’s routine observations  Treatment of common illnesses and injuries First-Aid/Emergency Preparedness: First aid is an immediate but temporary treatment given to patients of accident and sudden illness before comprehensive medical aid is available. Purpose of first aid 1. It helps save patient’s life 2. It reduces the pain of patient 3. It provides temporary help service to the patient Treatment of common illnesses and injuries Principle of First aid 1. Acting quickly with a stable mind 2. Always stay near the patient 3. Do not treat the patient in a hurry or in tension 4. Examine airway, breathing and blood circulation 5. Work honestly. 6. Teachers and students should be taught first aid Treatment of common illnesses and injuries (Content Iodine of First aid Kit) Gloves Gentian violet Scissors Crepe bandage Drugs (analgesic and Triangular bandage antibiotic) Plaster Antifungi cream Methylated spirit Cold compress Gloves Cottonwool Disinfectant Guaze Nose mask  Counselling There should be full time counsellors in schools to offer counselling services to the school community and parents in all areas of living. This should be done in a private room which is friendly. Counselee can be self referred or referred by teachers. Learners should be encouraged to see the counsellor as a matter of routine. Counsellor should also arrange to counsel every learner at least once during the school year.  Referrals This is a written request from one health professional to another health professional or health services, asking them to diagnose or treat a condition beyond them. The referral contains some background information about the patient. The school health service ought to put the following in place; Pre–identified (near-by) health facilities should be used. Provision of pre-identified means of transportation. School health Centre to Secondary health institutions/designated private clinic to Tertiary health institutions THANK YOU FOR LISTENING