11HEA Key Topics EOY Exam PDF

Drugs Explain and evaluate the harm caused by drugs to New Zealand society You will need to be able to explain for each drug how it can cause harm to self, others and society. You may be given data about society that you need to evaluate (such as how much alcohol costs the government; how much smo...

Drugs Explain and evaluate the harm caused by drugs to New Zealand society You will need to be able to explain for each drug how it can cause harm to self, others and society. You may be given data about society that you need to evaluate (such as how much alcohol costs the government; how much smoking costs the government). You need to understand how things like second hand smoke and alcohol related harm can impact others. Explain and apply the basics of alcohol laws in New Zealand You don’t need to know the technical term (e.g. sale and supply of alcohol law) but do need to be able to explain each of these laws in your own words Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act: Under 18’s cannot buy alcohol under any circumstances (maximum fine $2000 for those selling) Summary of Offences Act/Drinking in a Public Place: If you are under 18 and not with a parent or guardian it is illegal drink alcohol or have it in your possession. Infringement fee ($200) or fine ($300) Sale and Supply of Alcohol Law: People under 18 can consume alcohol in a restaurant if they are accompanied by a parent/legal guardian (depending on the license) Sale and Supply of Alcohol Law: People under 18 can consume alcohol in a private home if they are the persons legal guardian OR the give consent for another adult to provide alcohol (must be done in a responsible manner) Explain ways in which alcohol can be consumed safely Under the sale and supply of alcohol law, a legal guardian can give consent for another adult to supply alcohol but it must be done in a responsible manner. You need to be able to explain what needs to be considered by the adult in charge and speak to the points below: Food Drink Transport Number of people present Supervision and security Explain how alcohol marketing can influence teens to drink Need to be able to explain how teens can be influenced to drink by alcohol advertising (colours, brand recognition, association to sports teams, lifestyle promotion, relatable themes e.g. beach/summer, young attractive people) Explain the Advertising Standards Authority marketing code and why it is needed https://www.asa.co.nz/codes/codes/code-for-advertising-and-promotion-of-alcohol/#: ~:text=Alcohol%20is%20a%20restricted%20product,and%20in%20industry%2Dsup ported%20initiatives. You DO NOT need to memorise every feature of the ASA; but you may be given parts of the code and need to explain why it is in place and how it protects teens from alcohol related harm. Some examples of parts of the code and how it protects teens. Example: Principl Why this rule will protect teens e 1A Teenagers do not have the best decision-making skills. If they are encouraged to try dangerous/aggressive behaviours when drinking they may be even less likely to control themselves and make poor decisions that lead to harm for themselves and others. Explain the issues and links between alcohol and sport sponsorship Need to be able to explain that why alcohol companies can sponsor individual sports teams it is an issue because: · Normalises alcohol consumption · Associates sport and aggressive behaviour with drinking · Increases teens chances of drinking · Impacts Maori and Pacific children 5x more than average · Decreases the age teens start drinking Use ASA guidelines around alcohol sponsorship and sport You DO NOT need to remember these features of ASA alcohol sport sponsorship guidelines, but need to explain why they are in place and link it back to the reasons why alcohol sponsorship in sport is an issue (above). 4a) Shall not contain a sales message 4b) Shall not show a product or packaging 4d) Shall not portray the consumption of alcohol 4e) Shall only briefly portray the sponsor’s name orally/visually 4g) Shall not engage in sponsorship if more than 25% of participants or spectators are U18 Explain the impact of tobacco on others (second hand smoke) and society (cost to government) You DO NOT need to remember data related to these statistics but need to be able to explain that smoking can impact those around us (second and third hand smoke) and cause health issues such as cancer, respiratory issues. With society you DO NOT to remember stats related to the tangible and intangible costs but need to be able to explain that smoking costs society money in terms of health, lost productivity, sick leave, fire damage. Explain how Quitline service can be used You DO NOT need to remember the stats about why Quitline is successful. However, you DO NEED to know what their services are, what they can offer smokers (tips, tools, products) how this can help people quit and why the service is important. Describe key features of the Smoke free Environments Act YOU NEED TO KNOW the features of the smoke free environments act (can be written in your own words not word for word as below): · Smoke and vape free workplaces, restaurants, bars and school · Limiting tobacco and vaping advertising, promotion and sponsorship · Restricting sale and supply of tobacco and vape products to over 18’s · Plain packaging on tobacco products · Requiring cigarettes to be sold in packs of more than 20 Explain the impact of smoking and vaping laws in three key areas Need to explain how the above smoke free environments act benefits smokers and non-smokers in schools, workplaces and the community  School Workplace Community -Good role -Fewer sick days modelling -More productive at work -Positive role modelling for -Not exposing them -No second-hand smoke to young people to second hand other employees -Looking after vulnerable smoke -Reduced damage to people who may have property breathing issues -Second hand smoke -Reduced risk of fire, pollution and damage Explain the standardised packaging legislation in NZ YOU WILL NEED TO KNOW the features of standardised packaging in NZ and explain how it can discourage teens from smoking. Not word for word but being able to put it in your own words: https://www.smokefree.org.nz/smokefree-environments/legislation#bookmark-3 Cigarettes can only be sold in packs of 20 or 25 Regulations set how brand names look, location on the pack, font, size, and colours All tobacco packets must be the same dark brown/green background colour. Pictures and health warnings are enlarged to cover at least 75% of the front of packs. All tobacco company marketing imagery is removed. Vaping Vaping has replaced the hole in society left by smoking. Teens think vaping is less harmful than smoking (which it is) but fail to understand that it still causes harm. Teens are more susceptible to any harm caused by vaping as their brains are still developing. Nicotine is also known to damage teenager’s brains. Therefore, it would not be wise of them to start vaping just because it is not as bad as smoking. Explain the impact of cannabis on self, others and society Self: There are short term physical symptoms associated with cannabis use such as red eyes, munchies, feeling a buzz, coughing, sore throat and lungs. The long-term physical effects that can occur with cannabis are structural changes to the brain in teenagers. Particularly, the areas responsible for: · Concentration and attention · Thinking · Memory · Timer perception · Coordination Each of these can impact a teen’s likelihood of achieving success at school by making studying and learning more difficult. Mental and Emotional Cannabis can worsen pre-existing mental health conditions or encourage the development of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. While some people take cannabis with the idea that it will help relieve them of mental health disorders, studies have shown a clear link between the development or mental health disorders and cannabis usage. For these reasons, people with a family history of any of these conditions should not considering using cannabis. Others and Society: Motor Vehicle Accidents are more likely to occur when under the influence of cannabis. People have a much harder time controlling their speeds, maintaining the positioning of their car, focusing on complex driving tasks and making decisions. Because of this drugged driving increases the likelihood of causing an accident which impacts others in our lives and the wider community. A gateway drug is a drug whose use makes it more likely the user will go onto harder and more destructive drugs. The mechanism behind this is that using cannabis early in life: · Primes your brain for enhanced responses to other drugs · Alters the structure of the area responsible for decision making This impacts society as we may have a drug which leads to harder more damaging drug use in some people and costs more money to rehabilitate these people/take care of their physical health. Describe and apply key cannabis laws in NZ society Cannabis laws vary depending on the severity of the offense and circumstances of the situation: · Possession: 3 months imprisonment and/or $500 fine · Supply and manufacture: Indictment is around 8 years, summarily 1 year and/or $1000 fine · Letting your premises be used: Up to 3 years imprisonment · Possession of a bong: 1 year in prison and/or $500 fine Explain the arguments for and against cannabis legalisation For: · Collection of taxes that can be used for drug addiction services · Regulate cannabis and making it safe (you know what you’re getting) · Taking it off the black market and take money away from gangs · Reduce impact of drug convictions on Maori Against · Increase in use by those who otherwise wouldn’t (normalised) · Impact on mental health issues (particularly children/teens) · Increase in road accidents · Black market will continue · Health issues for adults, pregnant women, teens (it is a drug) Interpret and apply data relating to drugs and alcohol You may be given data and statistics related drugs in NZ. You will need to be able to read the graphs and interpret the information and also apply it. We have done work about the impact of drugs on society and need to be able to use the data to speak to some of those points. See lesson 18 slides for more detail. Apply decision making model to drug scenarios and explain why decisions are health enhancing You would NOT be expected to remember the steps of this model but will need to be able to use it accurately when given a scenario and ensure that the decision you make is health enhancing. Health enhancing decisions take into account all aspects of Hauora. Steps in the Decision Making Model · Identify the problem · Identify the options that could be taken in response to problem · Identify the consequences of each option (positive/negative/short/long) · Identify the feelings about each option AND the consequences · Choose decision that is most health enhancing · Explain why the decision is health enhancing (hauora)