Media and Information Literacy PDF

Media and Information Literacy TITLE WEEK 6: HOW MOTION INFORMATION AND MEDIA, MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION AND MEDIA, AND MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION AND MEDIA ARE FORMALLY AND INFORMALLY PRODUCED, ORGANIZED, AND DISSEMINATED Analyze how the different d...

Media and Information Literacy TITLE WEEK 6: HOW MOTION INFORMATION AND MEDIA, MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION AND MEDIA, AND MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION AND MEDIA ARE FORMALLY AND INFORMALLY PRODUCED, ORGANIZED, AND DISSEMINATED Analyze how the different dimensions of Motion Information and Media, Manipulative Information, and Multimedia Information and Media, MELCS + CODE are formally and informally produced, organized, and disseminated.MIL11/12MIM-IVef16, MIL11/12MPIMIVgh-20, MIL11/12MM-IVij-25 INTRODUCTION The movie business has been around since the beginning of media development. From that point forward, many individuals are attracted to it and to the amusement it brings. As the years progressed, this industry has enhanced numerous levels, including quality definition, introduction style, and cinematography. Today, films continually influence the lives of numerous individuals who are steadfast supporters of this sort of media. Manipulation is changing by artful means or unfair means to serve one's purpose. Media manipulations are created to appeal to the emotion of the audience or to make a product appealing to the target audience. For example, to make a news story dramatic, pictures are manipulated through editing or photoshop to convince the target audience. When typhoon Yolanda devastated Leyte, pictures of hungry, weather-beaten homeless children and families were appealing for help. Before, people can only access printed news through a printed newspaper. Now people have the convenience of accessing the news through the web. This is beneficial because news can now be paperless. The radio and tv remain important media of information accessible to any or all levels of society. LITERACY & NUMERACY MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION AND MEDIA – Manipulation is changing by artful means or unfair means to serve one's purpose. Media manipulations are created to appeal to the emotion of the audience or to make a product appealing to the target audience. MOTION INFORMATION AND MEDIA - act or process of moving in the context of information MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION AND MEDIA - use of several media formats to deliver information TOPIC MOTION INFORMATION MEDIA each picture is a frame and that motion is created by rendering or showing consecutively several frames per second. 24 frames (pictures) or more per second makes r a smooth animation.; videos, film, and slides also make use of frames. the series of graphics or images follow a sequence to create a story. This sequence is often called a storyboard which shows a set of components (audio, visual, videos, etc.) changing in time to create a story or a message. TWO FORMS OF MOTION MEDIA Informal – created by individuals often for personal use. Formal – created by professionals who follow industry standards in creating, editing, and producing motion media. FORMAL PRODUCTION OF ANIMATION STEPS: Writing the story - writers and directors create the storyboard. Script is written and dialogue is recorded Animators sketch major in-betweenness and fill in the gaps. Background music and background details are added. Drawings are rendered Videos are produced in the same manner except that instead of drawing the scenes they are acted out and shot. Once the scenes have been shot, all clips are edited and put together in a final product. FORMATS Animations - animated gifs (Graphic Interchange Format), Flash, Shockwave, Dynamic HTML Video formats/Video Codecs - motion media use large resources. Codecs compresses and decompresses video files. Examples are H.26N series, QuickTime, DivX, MPG, MP4 DETERMINING CREDIBILITY OF A MOTION INFORMATION & MEDIA Validity of information – Is it peer reviewed and verifiable Source - Primary or secondary source? Does the video capture the actual event or does it simply present information learned about an event? Relationship of the author to the event – Does he have firsthand knowledge TECHNICAL METHODS OF DETECTING TAMPERED/FAKE VIDEO Smoothness of video – This is often detected when movements are not smooth; when action seems to jump from one position to another, as if some action was missing. Lighting coverage matches - One way to detect lighting matches is to look at the shadows; the source of light determines the size and direction of the shadow. Scale and size consistent- scale refers to how the size of the objects about one another are near the real thing. If the picture is reduced or enlarged by a certain percent, then all the objects should be resized by that percent. Objects that are far away are usually smaller than objects that are nearer. ADVANTAGES OF MOTION MEDIA AND INFORMATION It captures motion in a manner that can be viewed repeatedly. It can show processes in detail and in sequence. Simulations allow for safe observation. It can cut across different cultures and groups. It allows scenes, history, events and phenomenon to be recreated. It enables learning with emotions. LIMITATIONS OF MOTION MEDIA AND INFORMATION Compared to other forms of visual media the viewer cannot always interrupt the presentation. It is often times costlier than other forms of visual media. Other data may be presented best using still images. Examples are graphs, diagrams, maps. It is subject to misinterpretation. ELEMENTS OF MOTION MEDIA Speed – a fast movement gives vigor and vitality, intensifying emotions. A slow movement connotes lethargy, solemnity or sadness. Direction – indicates a movement from one direction to another. It can also refer to the growing or shrinking of an object. Timing – can be objective or subjective. Objective timing can be measured in minutes, seconds, days, etc. Subjective timing is psychological or felt. Transition – used to switch between scenes. Sound and color – adds meaning to the motion. Blurring – In animation, blurring can provide the illusion of fast movement. In videos, it is often used to censor information for security or decency. B. INTERACTIVE/MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION MEDIA Why is Facebook so popular and successful? Facebook is the easiest to use the website and even a small 14-year-old can easily understand all the features that are included on the website. The website now allows people to play games, use interesting applications and watch videos making it an entertainment provider. Also, one of the major reasons behind the acceptance of the website is that with the network of the website growing huge we can contact our old friends from school and college and chat with them. Which of the following actions is interactive? The answer is all of these are, by definition, interactive, since all actions require the user to click a button on Facebook, which itself is an interaction. EXAMPLE OF USING INTERACTIVE/MANIPULATIVE MEDIA Social media (Facebook) - sent friend requests; responded to friend requests; liked a post; followed a site; commented on a friend’s post; uploaded a file; chat with a friend; sent a private message. Online booking - search for flights; booked a flight and paid through credit card; web-check-in. DIFFERENT WAYS OF INTERACTING WITH THE INTERNET Online shopping - compare prices; compare features of similar items; add to cart; choose payment type; track delivery; get advice from experts; search products; check local availability; get product recommendations. Online gaming - choose a game; play with a computer; play with others; choose a level, in-game customization, etc. Online classes - interact with content; interact with instructors; interact with classmates. Chat - group chat; search groups; search friends; translate the language. News and information - exchange information; give reaction; news on demand; monitor views. Videos - choose your own adventure; get multimedia content; experience game elements. TYPES OF INTERACTIVITY AND PURPOSES Click on images Hotspot - a special region to act as a trigger to another web page. The hotspot could be a circle, triangle, rectangle or polygon. Rollover - an image or portion of an image that changes in appearance when the mouse cursor moves over it. Tabs - clicking on them displays a relevant content with an appropriate graphic. Timeline - a menu slide that branches to different events. Numbers/processes - the number of clicks and the time spent in an interactive function provide data points. Slideshow - non-linear interactive slideshow where the pathway through the show is determined by the user's interaction with it. Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Flip cards - a card that when clicked flips to display a description and other information. MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION AND MEDIA In creating multimedia content, you must consider the components of the Media and Information Design Framework. Scenario: You work for a company that creates multimedia content for educational purposes. One day, your supervisor tasks you with the creation of a multimedia product that talks about how green plants manufacture their own food photosynthesis, (a lesson intended for Grade 4 students). What are the things that you will have to consider in creating this multimedia product? Component Guide Questions Target Audience Who are your intended audience? Can you describe the audience in terms of reading or comprehension level, learning styles and socio-economic background? Sender/Author Who is creating this product? What kind of institutions/ companies usually create this kind of product? Key content What topics are included? Is the information well researched or verified? Purpose What do you intend to accomplish after your audience will use the product? Is the product designed to entertain, to educate, to inform or to call for action? Form / Style What will be the tone of the message? What fonts, color or shapes that you will use? Do you need background music? Does the product have animation or not? Is it interactive or not? Medium / Format What information or media types will you use or combine to create the product? What devices will be used to create and run the product? ELEMENTS OF MULTIMEDIA Multimedia fall into one of five main categories and use varied techniques for digital formatting. One or any combination of this content can be used to enhance your website or social media platform. Here’s an overview of each of the multimedia elements: Text - is used as headlines, subtitles, and slogans. Its purpose is to express specific information or reinforce information in other media. It involves the use of text types, sizes, colors and background color. Graphics - Graphics are an important part of multimedia because humans are visually oriented. Images including photographs, illustrations, drawings, clip art, icons or any other non-text elements on a website or in social media are an example of graphics. Animation - It can illustrate how things work or present information in entertaining ways. Animation can also include interactive effects allowing visitors to engage with the animation action using their mouse and keyboard. Animation is a dynamic and media- rich content that stays within one container on a page – a very powerful form of communication. Audio - Sound can enhance your website design and social media platforms. It is a multimedia application that uses dialogue, recorded narration, music and sound effects. These are called the audio or sound elements. When used in moderation, adding multimedia such as sound to your presentation can be a great way to catch and focus the visitor’s attention, to deliver information to visitors, and to help reinforce the visitor’s comprehension of the information presented. Video - is a visual multimedia application that combines a sequence of images to form moving pictures and sound. Video can have an impact on websites and on social media platforms in a very unique and powerful way. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF MULTIMEDIA ADVANTAGES The pedagogical strength of multimedia is that it uses the natural information processing abilities that we already possess as humans. Our eyes and ears, in conjunction with our brain, form a formidable system for transforming meaningless sense data into information. The old saying that "a picture is worth a thousand words" often understates the case especially about moving images, as our eyes are highly adapted by evolution to detecting and interpreting movement. Increases learning effectiveness Gains and holds the attention More appealing Reduces training cost Easy to use Give information to individuals Proves high quality of presentations Multi-sensorial Integrated and interactive Can be used as a wide variety of audience Entertaining and educational DISADVANTAGES Multimedia requires high-end computer systems. Sound, images, animation, and especially video, constitute large amounts of data, which slow down, or may not even fit in a low-end computer. Unlike simple text files created in word processing, multimedia packages require good quality computers. A major disadvantage of writing multimedia courseware is that it may not be accessible to a large section of its intended users if they do not have access to multimedia-capable machines. For this reason, courseware developers should think very carefully about the type of multimedia elements that need to be incorporated into applications and include only those that have significant value. Expensive Not always ready to configure Requires special hardware Not always compatible Takes time to compile Information overload Misuse and/or overuse Limitations of technology DESIGN PROCESS OF MULTIMEDIA PRE-PRODUCTION- research, storyboarding, plan, PRODUCTION- creating the product POST-PRODUCTION- evaluation, redesign, documentation PRESENTATION- showcasing, gathering of comments USES OF MULTIMEDIA Entertainment and Fine Arts (movies and animation, interactive multimedia, others) Education (computer-based training courses, edutainment (blend of education and entertainment, others) Engineering, Mathematical and Scientific Research (modelling, simulation, others) Industry (presentation for shareholders, superiors and coworkers, employee training, advertising and marketing, others) Medicine (virtual surgery, simulation, others) Multimedia in Public Places (stand-alone terminals and kiosks in hotels, railway stations, shopping malls, museums, and grocery stores; digital bulletin boards; others) VALUING People who reside in a community are frequently exposed to a variety of texts produced by various forms of media. It is common to see someone reading a newspaper or magazine. Individuals that consume text data on a regular basis include office workers who check their music or movie lists on their phones and students who read their textbooks. There are various dimensions of text information because it is something that everyone uses. This session has focused on the connections between text, visual, motion, manipulative, and multimedia.