Legacies of Historical Globalization in Canada PDF

Legacies of Historical Globalization in Canada Social Studies 10-1: Chapter 7  Current Event: American Election: - In the Agree/Disagree style of making judgements, we are going to look at a question regarding the division amongst the American voter. - The hard swings to...

Legacies of Historical Globalization in Canada Social Studies 10-1: Chapter 7  Current Event: American Election: - In the Agree/Disagree style of making judgements, we are going to look at a question regarding the division amongst the American voter. - The hard swings to either side of the political spectrum amongst both main voter basis in the united states has left some voters alienated. - This has brought about the question of whether or not intentionally not voting is a form of ethically practicing your civic responsibility to democracy as a voter. Current Event: American Election: Why Do We Vote?  Take a Stand: American Election: “We only vote because of social pressure/influence, in spite of our single vote not mathematically being likely to make a difference”  Take a Stand: American Election: My Opinions: - I have long thought about this, because I personally have questioned whether or not intentionally NOT voting could be still be a form of participating in democracy. - Using the privileges democracy gives you is important, sometimes however, the realization of your one vote not making much of a difference can be discouraging. - This is just a further reminder of the complexities of the motivations that human beings have to make a difference in something larger than themselves. - Being involved with one's nation, or something larger than yourself is known as a “mortality project”. This is also like being a sports fan in a way, as you are part of a larger community that existed before you were born and presumably will exist after you die. - Understanding why you feel as though you should vote or you shouldn’t is just as important as having an informed vote in my opinion.  Chapter Focus: - Specific historical events and people that impacted the historical legacies of globalization within Canada. - Chapter 6 dealt with the global context of the legacies of historical globalization, Chapter 7 looks to Canada exclusively. Forces Driving Colonization: Review (pg. 162)  Canada as a “Small Northern Outpost”: - Canada’s geography left it unaffected from colonization for a long period of time, even after initial contact. - European fishing and later the demand for furs pushed settler’s to resource extraction of the area.  The Significance of the Fur Trade: - Fishing kept much of Atlantic Canada busy, but eventually, First Nations communities would have their knowledge used for capturing furs. - The knowledge of First Nations people was critical to European success in the fur trade, as trapping and transporting pelts in harsh conditions was something settlers were not prepared for.  Clashing Social Values: - “We did not inherit the earth from our ancestors, we are borrowing it from our children.” - First Nations peoples existed in societies with few class distinctions, with status only being identified through ability if at all. - Relationality with the land through a reciprocal relationship rather than an extractive one. - Indigenous peoples negotiated and kept agreements orally, while European settlers only saw written agreements as legitimate, which led to problems that are still ongoing.  Critical Misunderstandings in Negotiation: - European settlers negotiated written treaties with Indigenous peoples with the intent of establishing settlements on their land, they also made oral promises which were not upheld. - The cultural value of oral promises were not as significant to European settlers, so they were not honored with the same value Indigenous peoples placed on them. - Relations up until the start of the 1700’s were typically friendly between the First Nations and European, but this was not always the case…  Case Study: The Destruction of the Beothuk: - The Beothuk peoples of Newfoundland were hostile towards European settlers upon contact with aggressive acts like the destruction of equipment. - As a result, European settlers drove them inland and began killing them. - Without access to fish, they became susceptible to disease and starvation, eventually becoming extinct in 1829 after the death of Shanawdithit. Case Study: The Destruction of the Beothuk:  Examples of What Remains of Beothuk Culture: - Outside of some drawings from Shawnadithit, little remains of Beothuk culture. - This picture depicts some hunting spearns, a storage house and some clothing. - Consider the legacies of globalization that disappear or never get to grow.  Early Foothold of European Settlement: - Despite the newcomers being outnumbered, First Nations Peoples did not drive early settlers out. - Europeans did several things to keep their foothold in North America, including: - Having fortified villages that could withstand attacks. - Having advanced weapons like muskets. - Being assisted by European disease in impacting First Nations communities - Intentionally taking advantage of territorial conflicts between indigenous groups by forming alliances and picking sides. - This continued generation of wealth through exploitation caused conflict that eventually erupted in the Seven Years War. The Seven Years War: The First Global Conflict Resource Extraction as Legacy: Seven Years War - The competition between the French and the British came to a head during the Seven Years War of 1756-1763. - This war drew in other European powers and spread to colonies in North America, West Africa, Cuba, the Philippines, and India. - Historians refer to this conflict as potentially the first Global War. - This image depicts what Canada/North America control looked like after the Seven Years War.  The Results of the Seven Years War: - This war resulted in the British taking New France, becoming the more dominant colonial power in the region, setting the stage for the dominance of British culture in Canada. - The redefinition of how the British would govern their North American Territory was defined in the Royal Proclamation of 1763. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 - The Royal Proclamation looked to encourage British soldiers to settle in Canada with free land grants. - Settlers who had already crossed the Appalachian Mountains were ordered to leave and individual settlers were not allowed to buy Indigenous reserve land. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 - It also impacted Indigenous Peoples by giving them dedicated land in the eastern interior of Canada, particularly impacting the Six Nations Confederacy that had traditionally impacted the area. - The intent here was to maintain peace with the Indigenous peoples of the area.  The Royal Proclamation of 1763 - The Proclamation tried to limit European Settlement, but failed. - While Settlers continued to trickle into the interior, American colonists became angry with this land settlement, becoming a notable cause of the American Revolution. - Despite short term failures, the Proclamation was the first British document to recognize Aboriginal title, which established a treaty making-process that remains in effect today.  What is the Position Paper?: - The position paper involves the interpretation of a single source, which will be presented as a statement. - Your task is to analyze the source and establish a position in 5 paragraphs. - Once a position is established, you need to develop the body of your paper in the form of arguments that support your position. - The final paragraph is then the summary of your arguments in relation to your stance on the source. - The question that you will always be answering is some form of: “To what extent should we embrace the ideological perspective(s) reflected in this source. - An ideological perspective in this sense refers to a set of beliefs or values that shapes the sources understanding of the issue presented.  Paragraph #1: - Similar to the Source Analysis Practice from a few weeks ago, this involves the summary of the main points of your source. - Begin with describing what the source is saying and link it back to course concepts/dimensions of globalization. - Ask and answer questions like: - What is the attitude of the author towards globalization? - What do you know about the issue related in the source? - Your position and evidence to support it and the summation of your arguments, or a preview of what is to come. - The conclusion of your first paragraph must include a thesis statement to be effective.  Thesis Statements: - Possibly something you have done before, a thesis statement is what will allow you to clearly state your position. - It MUST clearly state your position on the source, along with the brief listing of your three arguments. - Thesis statements are only one sentence long, which is critical, you need to be clear and concise. - Do not give examples or evidence, just state your position and your arguments for why your position is what it is. - Say I was creating a thesis statement surrounding a source about the impact of industrialization on climate change: - “Industrialization contributes to climate change because of increased fuel emissions into the air, increased water pollution and through the disruption of animal habitats” More Thesis Examples:  Paragraph’s 2,3 and 4: - The first sentence of each body paragraph should relate directly to the argument your paragraph is going to be about. - Relate back to the thesis! - “School uniforms play a key role in restricting student individuality…” - Contextual evidence in these paragraphs is key - Do this by developing the broader ideas of your essay. - Include relevant historical knowledge and necessary concepts. - It all comes down to supporting your position - Be clear, concise and utilize the most relevant evidence while being mindful of the time you have.  Paragraph #5: - Take this opportunity to summarize your argument in as clear of a fashion as you can. - Start with summarizing your position. - Assume the reader is forgetful and remind them of your arguments again! - You need to restate your thesis in different words at some point in this paragraph to once again make your position clear. - The last sentence of your essay should create a sense of closure for readers. - Be mindful to save enough time for an effective conclusion, because this paragraph is key to reaffirming your position.  Thesis Statement Practice: - In your groups, you will be given 20 minutes to create a thesis statement based on the source below, I will be asking every group to present what they came up with. - This source is a very typical position paper statement based source, especially relevant to what we have been learning with the Legacies of Historical Globalization. - Take a position, come up with three pieces of evidence to support it and sum it up in a single sentence. - This may be a new exercise for you, ask questions, practice is key!  Social Studies 30-1 Position Paper Examples - https://www.alberta.ca/system/files/educ-ss30-1-diploma-exam-examples-stu dent-writing-jan-2023.pdf - Take 5 or so minutes, find the thesis statements on the three exemplar pieces, - The position paper examples start on page 30, remember, look at the end of the first paragraph of each piece!  Three Thesis Statements: - “Workers within the Industrial Revolution would probably be against this source citing that despite their hard work they were not given fair wages therefore unable to be self-reliant. - Satisfactory - “The source should be rejected to the extent that while it reigns true that initiative and self-reliance are key attributes in becoming successful, government support acts as a way to provide people who are troubled with the environment, resources, and rehabilitation in which fosters those characteristics leading to individuals who can match the success of those who didn’t have to turn to government support.” - Proficient - What about these can improve? What does improve between satisfactory and proficient? - Take 5 or so minutes, each group will be expected to share something.  Three Thesis Statements: - “Modern Liberalism displays the best of both worlds and this idea is demonstrated through the pitfalls of the Industrial Revolution, the failure of far-left ideologies, and the benefits of a welfare state like Canada.” - Excellent - What makes this thesis statement better than the last two? - Take 5 or so minutes with your group and we will sum this all up. American Election: Current Event  American Election: Current Event - Politics is all about opinion and personal belief, but I have never seen an election so divided by opinion. - No matter who wins, millions of people are going to have strong feelings one way or the other. - Much of the nature of political discourse is based on character based attack, personal belief and opinion, so I want to pose the question for discussion. - Would you ever vote for someone who you didn't like personally, outside of their policy decisions? Does personal perception swing votes?  What does a Trump victory mean for Canada?: - https://globalnews.ca/video/10856694/what-trumps-win-means-for-canadas-economy-a nd-trade - How the Canadian economy is going to handle the impending changes to trade agreements with the United States is unknown. - It is clear at this moment that Trump and Trudeau never have had a good relationship, would could lead to some turbulence there before the next election. - Do you think that Trump’s policy decisions are going to end up having an effect on your life in Canada over the next four years?  Legacy of Early French Rule: - Both the British and French needed to create and adapt systems for managing trade, recruiting settlers, making laws, meeting religious needs, keeping peace with First Nations among other things. - To strengthen French control of New France, the French wanted to attract French settlers. - Just like certain areas in France, people were given divided plots of land known as seigneuries, where they would develop and farm the land. - Habitants were given 180 by 1800 meter plots of land coming inland from navigable waterways like the St. Lawrence.  Legacy of Early French Rule: - This was known as the Seigneurial System, where a Seigneur, or somebody of wealth owned plots of land that would be developed by the the people living on it. - These long lots were difficult to defend from invaders though, as the Haudenosaunee showed when they attacked some in 1644.  Legacy of Early French Rule: - Conflict between the French/Oundat peoples and the Haudenosaunee raged for more than 20 years. - This conflict nearly killed off the Ouendat, leading to their disappearance - Soon after the British took over Quebec, the Quebec act of 1774 allowed French civil law to remain in force. - This allowed the Seigneurial system of land division to continue, where it existed until the mid 1800’s. - It still does exist in some places in rural Quebec today.  Legacy of Early British Rule: - During the Fur Trade, the British spent lots of time creating trading posts and exploring the rest of Canada by moving west. - The Fur Trade became so advanced, that pelts were even beginning to make its way to China. - By the time that the Hudson’s Bay Company merged with the North West Company in 1821, much of the Canadian West had been mapped. David Thompson mapped much of western Canada during his career. David Thompson: Great Explorer, or Agent of Colonization? David Thompson: Great Explorer, or Agent of Colonization? - Brief discussion about the Grand Narrative and how - How does this video want you to feel the framing of history can change its perception: about David Thompson and the mapping expeditions done by the - David Thompson was known for his positive HBC? relationships with Indigenous peoples, as he was aided by them in his travels and learned several - What perspectives does this video Indigenous languages. ignore? - What is the message of this video? - What might be a more accurate way - Though he was considered a sympathetic observer, his work was not without consequence. of describing Thompson’s journeys?  The Importance of Historical Perspectives: - The nature of how things are presented can ignore certain perspectives. - The western frontier of Canada was a prime example of this and influenced many families to end up settling here. - Western Canada was seen as a safari where more land than anyone could possibly need was there for the taking.  The Quiet Revolution: - The high levels of British Immigration did cause some worry regarding potential Quebecois assimilation. - The ways in which Quebecois maintained their culture, language and values became known as The Quiet Revolution in resistance to globalization starting in the 1960’s. - This began a push for further equality given that Francophone Canadians had been more likely to be paid less and be discriminated against. - This push towards a potential separation from Canada started the formation of the Parti Quebecois provincially and the Bloc Quebecois federally.  The FLQ/October Crisis: - “The Front De Liberation Du Quebec” or FLQ; was an extreme terrorist separatist organization in Canada that had peak relevance in 1970 during the October Crisis. - Separatists believed that Quebec should be separate from Canada, with the FLQ being an extremist supporter of this ideology. - The FLQ were responsible for more than 200 bombings, and the deaths of at least 5 people. - The October Crisis was the name given to the events of October 1970, where Canadian diplomats were kidnapped by the FLQ.  The FLQ/October Crisis: - James Cross, a British Trade Commissioner and Pierre Laporte, the Minister of Labor and Vice Premier of Quebec were kidnapped in October of 1970 by the FLQ. - Of the FLQ’s demands, the federal government broadcasted their manifesto, while also increasing the police presence in Quebec. - The tension reached a point where the War Measures Act was enforced on October 16th, 1970, which had never happened outside of war time before. - The War Measures Act was controversial as it takes away civil rights of Canadians temporarily to allow the government to take decisive action. Just Watch Me - P.E Trudeau  Results and Aftermath of the FLQ Crisis: - Pierre Laporte was executed by the FLQ, leading to the negotiation between the police and FLQ to secure James Cross, who was released. - All four members involved with the murder of Pierre Laporte were arrested, and the War Measures Act was lifted. - The October Crisis is a good example of the extreme lengths in which French Canadians were willing to defend their voice and take their stake as a significant part of this countries historical legacy. - “We are going to win because there are more boys ready to shoot members of Parliament than there are policemen.” - Michel Chartrand, Radical Separatist and FLQ supporter  The Rest of Chapter 7: - The rest of Chapter 7 involves many concepts that we have already covered in some depth. - With that in mind, I am going to turn it into the rest of this chapter in a research based assignment. - The topics include the legacies of… - European Immigration, Mercantilism, Indigenous depopulation, Indigenous Assimilation, The Indian Act, Residential Schools, Immigration, The Quiet Revolution, Multiculturalism and Land Claims. - An assignment for this has opened up on Classroom and we will continue this on Friday.