Lecture 3: Student - Biological Influences PDF

Photo by Nhia Moua on Unsplash Photo by Nhia Moua on Unsplash Today’s Content Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  are · 99 9 %. of humans DNA Idential...

Photo by Nhia Moua on Unsplash Photo by Nhia Moua on Unsplash Today’s Content Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  are · 99 9 %. of humans DNA Idential · - 0 1%. t billion differences ↳ variance of sequences Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  ↳ influence of environment and genetics they change much us how Gestimation of Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Estimates variability Variance Total variance of attributed to trait in the population VP = Vg + Ve environment … But it’s actually variance attribute to shared Variance environment, unique attributed to environment, epigenetic genetics I effects, and error How much is common , unique Former view: Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  1. 1.0 G breast cancer 27 2.. 4 body mass index 59 3.. 7 major depression 40 · I Type 1 diabetes 88 0. 4. z schizophrenia 64 0. 5. 5 alcoholism 5 · 6. 2 general intelligence 0 -. 8 7. l neuroticism g 8. 0.0 Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  BUT! It’s important to note that these estimates of heritability underestimate gene-environment interplay VP = Vg + Ve Current understanding: (will unpack this throughout the next slides) Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  biologically ht sed here 2 based on environment maltreatment adapt to certain situations Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  genetics vs environment S similar if they areoption connected to of more fluence aumental Parents in Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  -share 100 % genes - same parenting styles - same environment growing up Mistaken in eachother - same friends Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  unique + Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  6 Models tences in - How one gene what we see both influence - both are expressed - eye color Howsingae - Genes Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  3 physic acteristics -have to have 2 allels Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  nes interaction ↳ Interact other on genes > - express/Not express certain genes Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  How enviromen,usion effects of genes environment unlocks genes to be expressed I as / couched Not environment much movement - need intense/extreme environment for gene to be expressed Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  to parents - up - create happy environment out - genes encourage seeking relates to situations correlations Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  - Genetic makeup will make themnerable - more reactive to environment - Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  continuous interactions Gottlieb, G., & Lickliter, R. (2004). The various roles of animal models in understanding human development. Social Development, 13, 311–325. This material is reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Genes and environments are inextricably linked and operate in a mutually dependent fashion Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  I Gene Shared environment environment correlations Gene environment Single gene interaction contribution How genes interact Current view: Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Example: musical ability of dizygotic twins (fraternal twins) Ga = musical genes from mom, musical genes from dad GxG = how musical genes from mom and dad interact (combo of mom and dad genes that might be related to musical ability) Ec = shared environment (aspects of their environment that promote musical ability) rGE (gene environment correlation) = what about the environment pertaining to musical ability relates to a child’s musical genes Parents provide music lessons (passive) School provides additional experiences based on musical skills (reactive) Child self-selects activities that are music in nature based on interest (active) GxE (gene environment interaction i.e., sensitivity) = musically talented child will be more sensitive to music in their environment Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Everything else (unique environment, personal decisions, epigenetics [methylation], and error) Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved In ↑ 1Q over generations Inherit traits Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Z move Not critical but shape development facial preference - attachment Syncrinicity -  what we mirroring with own life. Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved What is bio-behavioral synchrony?  Multiple genetic, hormonal, brain, autonomic, epigenetic, behavioral, and mental processes that coordinate to establish a parent-infant bond  Time-locked  Sets children’s capacity for social affiliation  Qualifies other relationships as well Maurer, D., & Salapatek, P. (1976). Developmental changes in scanning of faces by young infants. Child Development, 47, 523–527. This material is reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Keller, 2002 Feldman, 2012 Good work on last week’s application activity!! Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved