Grade 10 Academic Science Exam Topic List PDF

Grade 10 Academic Science Exam Topic List This is a list of the topics that we covered that will likely be covered on the exam. Make sure you organize your notes and start reviewing concepts, particularly those that you had some difficulty with in the past. **Optics** - Identify the different p...

Grade 10 Academic Science Exam Topic List This is a list of the topics that we covered that will likely be covered on the exam. Make sure you organize your notes and start reviewing concepts, particularly those that you had some difficulty with in the past. **Optics** - Identify the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which has longer wavelength? More energy? (ex. Infrared, blue, Gamma, etc.) - Identify different sources of light (e.g. incandescence, phosphorescent) - Plane mirrors -- state the image characteristics; compare the angle of incidence to the angle of reflection, find an image using both methods, use light rays to determine "who can see who in the mirror"? - Curved Mirrors -- draw ray diagrams to find images in concave and convex mirrors; explain how the image changes depending on where the object is - Lenses - draw ray diagrams to find images in converging and diverging lenses; explain how the image changes depending on where the object is, calculate using both focal length and/or magnification equations. Applications (magnifying lens, projector, etc) - Refraction of light -- What happens to light when it enters a media where it speeds up or slows down (compare the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, Applications (mirage, apparent depth, etc) - Index of refraction calculations -- Use the n = c/v equation with the GRASS method - Total Internal Reflection -- What is it? When does it happen? Applications (Rainbow, etc.) **Biology** - Organelles -- animal vs plant; state the function of each; identify organelles on cell diagram - Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration -- Know the chemical equation for each and where each occurs in the cell - Cell types -- be able to identify images of common cell types and state their function (ex. Muscle cell) - Specialized cells -- know some examples and how they are specialized (both animal & plants) - Cell Division -- Know the difference between interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Why it occurs. - What is diffusion and osmosis? Why are they important in science (i.e. know examples where this occurs). - Mitosis -- identify structures and briefly explain stages of mitosis using a sketch/diagram - Human Body Systems -- Know the key organs involved and what they do. What is peristalsis? Four Parts of blood? Tendon vs. Ligament? Be able to identify organs on diagrams (Digestive & Respiratory systems). How do some organ systems interact? \*\* APPLICATION questions for some systems (why work in pairs? What if tasered?) - Plant Systems -- Know the function of Leaves/Stems/Roots. What are some ways plants move pollen & seeds. **Chemistry** - Use Periodic Table -- metals vs non-metals... number of p/e/n... ion vs isotope - Ions -- know the common charges for ions in each group of the periodic table (ex. Group 1 Metals are 1+) - Lewis Diagrams -- draw Lewis diagrams of atoms and ions with the correct number of valence electrons - Ionic vs Covalent Bonds -- Identify compounds that have each type of bond; draw before/after bonding diagrams showing if electrons are shared or gained/lost - Nomenclature -- write formulas/names for: - Law of Conservation of Mass -- state what it is; figure out the mass of reactants/products based on the chemical equation. Why does the weight before and after a reaction change when a gas is formed/used -- mass DOESN"T - Balancing Chemical Equations - Types of Reactions -- be able to identify the 5 main types of reactions - Completing Reactions -- be able to complete and balance the five types of chemical reactions - Acids and Bases -- be able to identify examples of each; know the pH for each, neutralization - Corrosion - What corrodes? Always bad? Examples **Climate Change** - Climate vs weather - Hydrosphere vs Atmosphere -- what are the components of each - Ocean Currents -- What causes them? How do they affect climate? - How do large bodies of water affect climate of nearby areas - Albedo -- what is it and how does it change depending on the surface. - Positive & Negative Feedback Loops - Proxy Records - give examples of different proxy records and what information they provide - Greenhouse gases -- give examples of GHG's and their sources (especially those that are anthropogenic)