SNC2D1 Grade 10 Academic Science Unit 1 Chemistry Exam Review Answers PDF

SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science Unit 1: Chemistry 1. a) An ion is a charged atom. It is formed by gaining and losing electrons. b) An ionic compound is made up of ions of a metal and a non-metal. c) Metals lose electrons to non-metals, to f...

SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science Unit 1: Chemistry 1. a) An ion is a charged atom. It is formed by gaining and losing electrons. b) An ionic compound is made up of ions of a metal and a non-metal. c) Metals lose electrons to non-metals, to form positive ions (cations). d) Non-metals gain electrons from metals, to form negative ions (anions). e) A group of two or more non-metal atoms joined together with a covalent bond is called a molecule. f) Molecular Compounds are formed by sharing electrons between atoms of non-metals. 2. Name and draw one cation and one anion that are isoelectric with noble gas, neon. Cation: sodium ion Anion: fluoride ion [ ] 1+ 1- 11p 12n [ 9p 10n ] 3. Draw Bohr-Rutherford diagram for each of the following: beryllium atom phosphorus atom 4p 15p 5n 16n potassium ion 1+ chlorine ion 1- 19p 17p 20n 18n 4. Complete the chart below. Element No. of Electrons Electronic Valence electrons Group Number (=Atomic Configuration Number) sodium 11 2.8.1 1 1 / IA carbon 6 2.4 4 14 / IVB sulfur 16 2.8.6 6 16 / VIA argon 18 2.8.8 8 18 / VIII Page 1 of 5 SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science Draw the Lewis Structures for the following: Li atom F atom Ne atom Ca ion Br ion Al ion 2+ 1- 3+ Li F Ne [ Ca] [ Br ] [Al] 5. Use Lewis Structures to show how the following compounds combine. √ For ionic compounds, electrons are transferred and you use arrows √ For ionic compounds, you must show the charges on each ion √ For molecular compounds, electrons are shared and you used circles beryllium and fluorine (Type of compound: ionic compound) 2+ ­ Be F [Be] 2 [ F ] F Chemical name: beryllium fluoride Chemical formula: BeF2 Carbon and hydrogen (Type of compound: molecular compound) H H C H H Chemical name: methane Chemical formula: CH4 PF3 (Type of compound: molecular compound) F F P F Chemical name: phosphorus trifluoride aluminum and phosphorus (Type of compound: ionic compound) 3­ [ ] [ ] 3+ Al P Al P Chemical name: aluminum phosphide Chemical formula: AlP Page 2 of 5 SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science 1. Write chemical names or chemical formulas for the following compounds. Chemical Name Formula For Calcium nitride Ca3N2 NaF Sodium fluoride Methane CH4 CS2 Carbon disulfide Hydrobromic acid HBr (aq) Na(SO4)2 Sodium sulfate Carbon monoxide CO As2F5 Diarsenic pentafluoride Nitrogen gas N2 KOH Potassium hydroxide Calcium sulfate CaSO4 Ca(NO3)2 Calcium nitrate Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 H2 Hydrogen gas Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 H2S (aq) Hydrosulfuric acid Hydroselenic acid H2Se (aq) Cl2O Dichlorine monoxide aluminum carbonate Al2(CO3)3 LiNO3 Lithium nitrate Sulfur trioxide SO3 (NH4)2CO3 Ammonium carbonate Ammonia NH3 MgBr2 Magnesium bromide Aluminum selenide Al2Se3 CaCl2 Calcium chloride Hydroiodic acid HI (aq) (NH4)2CO3 Ammonium carbonate Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 NO Nitrogen monoxide Sulfuric acid H2 SO4 ClF3 Chlorine trifluoride Nitrogen monoxide NO H 2S Dihydrogen monosulfide / Hydrogen sulfide Hydrofluoric acid HF (aq) N2O5 Dinitrogen pentoxide 2. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions. Also, include the state symbols for reactants and products. a) When water is added to liquid silicon tetrachloride, solid silicon dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas are produced. 2 H2O (l) + SiCl4 (l) → SiO2 (s) + 4 HCl (g) b) Propane (C3H8) is combusted with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water vapour. heat C3H8 (g) + 5 O2 (g) → 3 CO2 (g) + 4 H2O (g) Page 3 of 5 SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science 8. Balance the following equations: a) 2 NaCl + F2 → 2 NaF + Cl2 b) Pb(OH)2 + 2 HCl → 2 H2O + PbCl2 c) 2 AlBr3 + 3 K2SO4 → 6 KBr + Al2(SO4)3 d) C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O 9. For each of the following reactants: ✓ Identify the type of reaction (synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement) that will occur ✓ Predict the products ✓ Balance the equations a) Cl2 (g) + CaBr2 (aq) →      CaCl2 +      Br2                                 Single displacement b) 6Li (s) + N2 (g) → 2Li3N                                   Synthesis c) NaCl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) → NaNO3 +      AgCl   Double displacement d) PbO2 (s) → Pb +        O2         Decomposition e) Ba(NO3)2 (aq) + MgSO4 (aq) → BaSO4 +    Mg(NO3)2   Double displacement f) 4Rb (s) + O2 (g) →   2Rb2O                                     Synthesis g) I2 (s) + CaBr2 (aq) →   No reaction (I2 is less reactive than Br2) 8. What are the properties of ionic compounds? High melting point and high boiling points, Soluble in water, Good Conductivity when dissolved in water or melted 9. What are the properties of molecular compounds? Low melting point and low boiling points, Insoluble in water, Bad Conductivity 10. What are the properties of: a) acids Soluble in water, Conduct electricity, Taste sour Turn BLUE “litmus” to RED Corrodes certain metals and living tissue React with carbonate compounds Neutralize bases Change the colour of acid-base indicators Page 4 of 5 SNC2D1 - Grade 10 Academic Science b) bases Soluble in water, Conduct electricity, Taste bitter, Feel slippery Turn RED “litmus” BLUE Corrode living tissue – corrosive Do not react with metals Neutralize acids Change the colour of acid-base indicators 4. a) Solutions with pH less than 7 (7) are basic c) Solutions with pH 7 are neutral 5. What are the products of acid-base neutralization? salt and water Page 5 of 5