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## 6. Faults - Service Faults: The shuttle must land inside the service court; if not, the opponent scores. Only the designated receiver can return the serve, an accidental hand contact is considered a fault. ## Purposive Communication ### Introduction The word communication is derived from the...

## 6. Faults - Service Faults: The shuttle must land inside the service court; if not, the opponent scores. Only the designated receiver can return the serve, an accidental hand contact is considered a fault. ## Purposive Communication ### Introduction The word communication is derived from the Latin word "communis" which means common. It is the process of exchange of facts, ideas, opinions and a means that individuals or organizations share the meaning and understanding with one another. Communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack, 2014). ### Nature of Communication 1. Communication is a process. 2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver). 3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time. ### Elements of Communication Communication is divided into elements which help us better understand its mechanics or process. These elements are the following: 1. Speaker - the source of information or message 2. Message - the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions 3. Encoding - the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands 4. Channel - the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed 5. Decoding - the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver 6. Receiver - the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message 7. Feedback - the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver 8. Context - the environment where communication takes place 9. Barrier - the factors that affect the flow of communication ### Model of Communication 1. Aristotle Model - This model was proposed by Aristotle before 300 B.C. which was accepted as the most common model of communication where the sender sends the information or a message to the receiver to influence them and make them respond and act accordingly.