ES Unit 2 Test PDF

ES Unit 2 Test Created By Donald Walker 1 What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all organisms? A Chemosynthesis B The Moon C The Sun D Other organisms 2 Which process allows plants to capture the sun’s energy and create food? A Cellular Respir...

ES Unit 2 Test Created By Donald Walker 1 What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all organisms? A Chemosynthesis B The Moon C The Sun D Other organisms 2 Which process allows plants to capture the sun’s energy and create food? A Cellular Respiration B Photosynthesis C Chemosynthesis D Fermentation 3 Chemosynthesis is essential for organisms that live in extreme environments like deep-sea thermal vents because_____. A They need sunlight to survive. B They rely on chemical reactions to produce energy. C They only eat other organisms for energy. D They photosynthesize at night. 4 In a food web, which type of organism is most commonly found in the first trophic level? A Consumers B Producers C Herbivores D Omnivores 5 What percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next? A 50% B 25% C 10% D 90% 6 Herbivores, such as cows or rabbits, would be classified under which trophic level? A Primary consumers B Secondary consumers C Producers D Tertiary consumers 7 In a freshwater ecosystem, researchers study the interactions between organisms. A particular fish species, the Lake Trout, feeds primarily on smaller fish like Perch and insects like Mayflies. The Perch, in turn, feed on smaller aquatic insects, while the Mayflies primarily consume algae and detritus. Which of the following best describes the trophic levels of these organisms? A Lake Trout: Producer, Perch: Primary Consumer, Mayflies: Secondary Consumer B Lake Trout: Secondary Consumer, Perch: Tertiary Consumer, Mayflies: Quaternary Consumer C Lake Trout: Apex Predator, Perch: Secondary Consumer, Mayflies: Primary Consumer D Lake Trout: Tertiary Consumer, Perch: Secondary Consumer, Mayflies: Primary Consumer 8 Decomposers like fungi and bacteria play a crucial role in ecosystems because they_____. A Consume living plants. B Produce their own energy through photosynthesis. C Break down dead organic material into nutrients. D Eat herbivores for survival. 9 In an ecological pyramid, why does the amount of energy decrease as you move up each trophic level? A Energy is lost to the environment as heat. B Energy increases with each step up the pyramid. C Energy remains constant across all levels. D Energy is transferred more efficiently to higher levels. 10 A food web differs from a food chain because: A It shows only one source of energy for each organism. B It includes multiple interconnected food chains. C It only involves producers and decomposers. D It shows that all organisms are producers. 11 Why are there typically fewer organisms at higher trophic levels? A Because they consume more energy than lower levels. B There is not enough energy available to support larger populations. C They are consumed by lower trophic levels. D They reproduce at a faster rate than other levels. 12 Which of the following organisms is an example of a detritivore? A Earthworm B Eagle C Wolf D Grass 13 Which of the following cycles involves the movement of water between the atmosphere, land, and oceans? A Nitrogen Cycle B Phosphorus Cycle C Water Cycle D Carbon Cycle 14 Why is the pyramid shape used to represent trophic levels in an ecosystem? A There are always more organisms and energy at the higher levels. B There is a decreasing amount of energy and organisms as you move up. C Tertiary consumers produce the most energy. D The pyramid represents constant energy distribution. 15 What role do scavengers play in an ecosystem? A Form a symbiotic relationship with their prey. B Produce their own energy through photosynthesis. C Eat dead organisms. D Parasitize living organisms. 16 In a coastal ecosystem, mangrove trees grow in brackish water and are known for their ability to take up carbon. Local researchers are studying the effects of coastal development, which includes clearing mangrove areas for building resorts. As a result, they observe an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the surrounding environment. What is the primary reason for this increase in carbon dioxide? A The decomposition of mangrove roots releases stored carbon into the atmosphere. B The construction of resorts increases energy consumption and fossil fuel use. C The removal of mangrove trees decreases photosynthesis, reducing carbon absorption. D The development attracts more animals, which increases respiration rates in the area. 17 Which cycle is primarily responsible for returning nitrogen to the soil from the atmosphere? A Sulfur Cycle B Water Cycle C Nitrogen Cycle D Phosphorus Cycle 18 What is the role of apex predators, or quaternary consumers, in an ecosystem? A They produce their own food. B They maintain balance by controlling the population of other consumers. C They occupy the first trophic level. D They decompose organic material into nutrients. 19 If 10,000 units of energy are available at the producer level, how much energy is available to tertiary consumers (3rd level)? A 10,000 units B 1,000 units C 100 units D 10 units 20 What happens to the mass and energy of organisms as you move up trophic levels in a biomass pyramid? A Both mass and energy increase. B Mass increases but energy decreases. C Both mass and energy decrease. D Energy increases but mass decreases. 21 A farmer uses fertilizers on her crops to boost growth. Over time, she notices that some of the fertilizer is causing algal blooms in a nearby pond, negatively affecting aquatic life. Which cycle is being disrupted in this scenario? A Water Cycle B Nitrogen Cycle C Carbon Cycle D Sulfur Cycle 22 A large forest is cut down, and the area is turned into farmland. After some time, scientists notice a significant increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Which cycle is directly impacted by deforestation? A Phosphorus Cycle B Water Cycle C Carbon Cycle D Nitrogen Cycle 23 In a coastal area, a new factory is built, releasing sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. Over time, this leads to acid rain, affecting local ecosystems. Which cycle is primarily involved in this process? A Sulfur Cycle B Nitrogen Cycle C Water Cycle D Phosphorus Cycle 24 A homeowner installs a rainwater collection system to water their garden during dry periods. This system taps into which part of the water cycle? A Evaporation B Transpiration C Precipitation D Infiltration 25 A wastewater treatment plant removes harmful nitrogen compounds before releasing treated water back into a river. This process helps prevent which environmental issue? A Eutrophication B Deforestation C Acid rain D Global warming 26 In some areas, phosphorus is mined and used in fertilizers to enhance soil fertility. However, phosphorus runoff can lead to harmful algal blooms in aquatic ecosystems. Why is phosphorus important in ecosystems? A It is a primary component of proteins. B It is essential for the water cycle. C It is a major part of energy production in photosynthesis. D It helps in cell membrane formation and energy storage. 27 After a rainstorm, a farmer notices that water in his field has disappeared over time. Which process in the water cycle most likely caused this? A Precipitation B Evaporation C Condensation D Evapotranspiration 28 Livestock farming releases large amounts of methane (CH4), a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. Over time, this can impact the global climate. This is an example of human activity affecting which cycle? A Nitrogen Cycle B Sulfur Cycle C Carbon Cycle D Water Cycle 29 In a tropical rainforest, large predators like jaguars (tertiary consumers) are removed by poaching. How will this impact the populations of herbivores and secondary consumers? A Herbivores and secondary consumers will increase due to the lack of predation. B The population of herbivores and secondary consumers will decrease due to lack of energy. C Secondary consumers will become producers. D The populations will remain stable since there are more organisms at lower trophic levels. 30 A farmer adds a new type of crop to their fields that attracts more herbivores (primary consumers). How might this change the local food web? A The population of carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers) will increase due to more available prey. B The herbivores will become producers. C The number of decomposers will decrease as there are more primary consumers. D Carnivores will have less energy and decrease in population.