Volcanoes: I Don't Know, VOLCA-KNOWS! PDF

I Don’t Know, VOLCA-KNOWS! By:Juannah Vera Cruz And Xyanne Dinopol Did you know that the philippines,is situated between two tectonic plates,namely the philippine sea plate and the eurasian plate.due to this location,our country experience's tectonic activities tha...

I Don’t Know, VOLCA-KNOWS! By:Juannah Vera Cruz And Xyanne Dinopol Did you know that the philippines,is situated between two tectonic plates,namely the philippine sea plate and the eurasian plate.due to this location,our country experience's tectonic activities that may lead to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions  Mayon Volcano found in Legaspi,Albay.This volcano is famous for its almost perfect cone shape.But what is a volcano?Volcano comes from the italian word vulcano which means “Burning mountain”, and also in latin word vulcan, The Roman God of Fire A volcano is a vent,hill or mountain that erupts releases molten rocks,rock fragments and gas material onto the earths surface. The Anatomy of a Volcano Part Description It is where magma passes through from the magma chamber to reach Main Vent earth’s surface Magma This is a large reservoir that stores molten rock (magma) prior to eruption Chamber Crater It is a bowl-shaped depression produced by volcanic activity and explosions. Lava Flow This is a stream of molten rock flowing out of the carter Secondary This is an alternative smaller outlet where magma escapes to reach earth’s Vent surface Secondary This is formed when lava and ashes escapes from smaller vents;it is also Cone known as parasitic cones  It is formed when thick volcanic ashes are discharged into the Ash Cloud atmosphere caused by violent explosion or eruption of the volcano It is a mixture or rocks,minerals, and glass particles expelled during a Ash volcanic eruption.  Types of Volcanoes and Their Types of Volcano According examples to There are four types of volcanoes according to shape--cinder Shape cone,shield,composite,and lava dome Cinder cone-volcanoes are formed from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes that form and solidify around the main vent to form a cone which can be either circular or oval composite volcanoes also known as stratovolcanoes are typycaliy symmetrical cones that are steep and may rise as high as 2400 meters (about 8000 feet) from the ground,composite volcanoes have acidic and sticky lava ,which allows to solidify without traveling very far.They are usualy dormant for many years that they may be considered extinct. Shield volcanoes are formed from non-acidic basaltic lava flows of high viscosity producing broad sloping sides and shield-like structures.shield volcanoes are not very explosive and are amongst the largest volcanoes in the world.Most of the well-known volcanoes in hawaii are shield volcanoes Types of Volcanoes According to Eruptive History There are three types of volcanoes according to their eruptive history:active,dormant,and extinct Active-These volcanoes have erupted during historical time's and in addition have atleats erupted at least once in the lats 10,000 years based on analysis of materials from volcanic deposits Dormant-These volcanoes are active but not erupting;however,they are expected to erupt anytime soon. Extinct-These volcanoes have not had any eruptions in the past 10,000 years and are expected not to erupt anymore in the futur.These volcanoes have been intensively weathered and eroded.  There are 24 active volcanoes in the Philippines and the majority of them are located in luzon.The other remaining volcanoes remain dormant and inactive  Volcanic Phases of a Volcanic Eruption Activity A volcanic eruption has three different phases:preparation phase,eruption phase,and ending phase The eruption phase is when magma, gas, and ash are released. It can be The preparation phase of a volcanic explosive (violent eruptions with ash and eruption involves magma rising towards the pyroclastic flows) or effusive (slow lava surface, increasing seismic activity, ground flows).it is also when the pressure starts to deformation (like bulging or cracking), gas build up then magma flows out and turns emissions, and steam vents. into lava as it slowly cools down The ending phase ,after the eruption ,the magma chamber is now empty ,which may trigger the walls of the conduit to weaken and to collapse into a crater or caldera. TYPES OF VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS volcanic eruptions can be classified into two categories Effusive eruptions involve the steady, non-explosive release of lava that flows slowly from the volcano. These eruptions typically build up shield volcanoes and produce basaltic lava. Explosive eruptions are violent events where magma, ash, and gas are violently ejected into the atmosphere. They occur when pressure builds up from trapped gases, resulting in powerful explosions that can create ash clouds, pyroclastic flows, and large craters. These eruptions are typical of stratovolcanoes.  Six major volcanic eruption types Plinian type-This eruption is the most Hawaiian type -The lava flows gentle violent of them all it releases huge slopes,which then form sheild amounts of gases and ashes at great volcanoes that are usualy large or speeds covers a large area Phreatic type-This eruption is steam driven ,when magma heats the surface or ground water, the water Strombolian type-This eruption creates then begins to boil and produces eruptive products such as scoria and steam that directly cause the explosion lava bombs Phreatomagmatic type-This eruption Vulcanian type-the eruption is involves the eruption of magma that short ,explosive,and violent this reacts to external water the interaction happens when the pressure is enough between the magma and water causes to blow off the overlying layer of a reaction that results in an explosion solidified lava over the entrapped gases in magma  material's extruded during eruptions Lava- refers to magma that has been expellled onto earth surface Tephra- refers to the pyroclastic materials and rock fragments that are being expelled during volcanic eruptions Gases- volcanic gases are also being released during eruptions it includes water vapor,carbon dioxide,and hydrogen.  Volcanic bombs are large, molten rocks ejected during an explosive eruption. They solidify in the air, forming irregular shapes, and can range in size from small boulders to large masses. 4o mini Volcanic ash consists of tiny, jagged particles of rock and minerals ejected during an explosive eruption. It can travel long distances, disrupting air travel, agriculture, and health. Lapilli are small, pebble-sized volcanic fragments (2 to 64 mm) ejected during an eruption. They are larger than ash but smaller than volcanic bombs and can be made of solidified lava or other volcanic material. Volcanic blocks are solid, large fragments of rock ejected during an explosive eruption. They are typically more than 64 mm in size and are often pieces of the volcano’s pre-eruption rock.  Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Volcanic eruptions may affect us and our environment in different ways Good Effect Volcanic ash and lava break down into nutrient-rich minerals, making the soil highly fertile and beneficial for agriculture Volcanic areas can provide geothermal energy, a renewable energy source, used for heating and electricity generation. Volcanic eruptions may cause long-term effect on climate and may cause global cooling  Harmful Effect if ash and mud mix with water aa fast -moving mudflow,also known as lahar ,may destroy properties and also live Volcanic eruptions causes damage to crops and properties and may endanger the lives of humans and animals near the area Volcanic ashes and gases ejected into the air may cause breathing problems when inhaled Thank you for listening !!!