Science Notes on Matter and Variables PDF

 Recap An atom is: a. made of different elements b. the smallest unit of matter c. The biggest unit of matter  Recap Compounds are made of: a. different type of atoms chemically combined b. same type of atoms chemically combined c. same type of bon...

 Recap An atom is: a. made of different elements b. the smallest unit of matter c. The biggest unit of matter  Recap Compounds are made of: a. different type of atoms chemically combined b. same type of atoms chemically combined c. same type of bonds chemically combined At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: Distinguish matter from non-matter Describe the common properties of matter Discuss the composition of matter is anything that occupies space and has mass  The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object has. Mass depends on the number and kind of atoms An object's mass never changes Mass is measured in grams (g), kilograms (kg) or milligrams (mg). A bowling ball is heavier than a feather. Therefore, a bowling ball has more mass than the feather  The measure of the space occupied by an object is called volume. The grater the matter of an object the greater the volume Liquid volume is usually measured in liters, milliliters, ounces, quarts, and cubic meters. The bigger stone takes up a greater volume than the smaller stone. can be classified according to the nature of particles composing them: –  Solids, liquids, and gases are all made up of particles or “atoms”, molecules, and/or ions, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases. The following figures illustrate the molecular arrangement/microscopic differences. particles of solid particles of liquid particles of gas  Try to put a coin in a cup. Is there any change in the shape and size of the coin?  Solids keep their shape and cannot be compressed. The particles are packed close to each other in fixed positions. They are locked into place, and this explains why solids have a fixed shape Solid particles vibrate in its fixed position Macroscopic view Submicroscopic view of sodium of sodium chloride chloride cup shirt book eraser  Try to pour liquid from pitcher to a glass. Did the liquid take the shape of the glass? Did the volume of the liquid change? Is there any change in taste?  has definite volume, but has no fixed shape The speed at which the particles move around inside the liquid depends on the energy of the particles. When we heat a liquid, we are giving the particles more energy and speeding them up. maple syrup shampoo olive oil orange juice  Have you tried inflating and deflating a balloon? Does it take the shape of a balloon? Does it change its volume?  has no definite volume and shape the forces between particles are very weak. They are not held together tightly and there are large spaces between them. Gases can be compressed because their particles can be forced closer together. helium in a steam from argon in a nitrogen in a balloon a kettle tank tank  has no definite volume and shape has charged particles that are widely separated lightning fireball flame comet's tail  TYPES OF VARIABLES WHAT IS A VARIABLE?  INDEPENDENT VARIABLE SPOT THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: SPOT THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:  DEPENDENT VARIABLE SPOT THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE: SPOT THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE:  CONTROLLED VARIABLE SPOT THE CONTROLLED VARIABLE: SPOT THE CONTROLLED VARIABLE:  CONTROLLED VARIABLE RECAP: In the following example, identify the independent and dependent variable What are the variables that we need to keep constant in this experiment?  Controlled Variables IDENTIFY THE TYPES OF VARIABLES IN THIS SCENARIO: ANSWERS: IDENTIFY THE TYPES OF VARIABLES IN THIS SCENARIO: ANSWERS: