Chapter 03 General Bank Multiple Choice Questions-3.1removed PDF

Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 2) A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn. Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her brain...

Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 2) A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn. Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her brain informing her of the pain from the burn? a. sensory neurons b. motor neurons c. synaptic neurons d. association neurons Answer: a Page Reference: 94 3) Which of the following most directly controls bodily reflexes? a. peripheral nervous system b. brainstem c. spinal cord d. hindbrain Answer: c Page Reference: 106 4) A long structure leaving the cell body that action potential travels along is called the __________. a. cell membrane b. dendrite c. axon d. myelin sheath Answer: c Page Reference: 96 5) The short fibres that extend from the neurons allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are a. axons. b. dendrites. c. nerve bundles. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 1 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology d. synapses. Answer: b Page Reference: 93–94 6) The part of the neuron that carries outgoing messages either to another neuron or to a muscle or gland is the a. myelin sheath. b. axon. c. dendrite. d. cell body. Answer: b Page Reference: 94 7) The cell body is enclosed by the a. axon. b. dendrite. c. cell membrane. d. myelin sheath. Answer: c Page Reference: 96 8) The three parts of every neuron are a. myelin; glia; cell body. b. dendrite; cell body; axon. c. glia; dendrite; axon. d. myelin; cell body; dendrite. Answer: b Page Reference: 93–94 9) The small gap between adjacent neurons is the a. glia. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 2 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology b. myelin sheath. c. synaptic cleft. d. terminal. Answer: c Page Reference: 97 10) The neural impulse traveling down the axon is _______; it gets across the synapse by _______. a. electrical; remaining electrical but changing from positively charged to negatively charged b. electrical; remaining electrical but changing from negatively charged to positively charged c. electrical; being changed into a chemical message d. chemical; being changed into an electrical message Answer: c Page Reference: 96 11) Neurons are a. cells in the brain that are believed to help clean and feed brain cells. b. cells that send and receive information. c. bundles of nerves. d. chemical transmitters found in the hypothalamus. Answer: b Page Reference: 93 12) Axons a. receive/detect neural impulses. b. carry messages away from a cell body. c. secrete chemicals to lubricate the cell body. d. are found in the cell body. Answer: b Page Reference: 94 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 3 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 13) The myelin sheath a. is a fatty substance protecting the dendrites. b. helps to speed up neural messages within the cell. c. is found in all neurons. d. protects the cell's vesicles. Answer: b Page Reference: 95 14) The basic message-carrying cells of the nervous system are labelled a. dendrites. b. neurons. c. nerves. d. ganglia. Answer: b Page Reference: 93 15) What kinds of neurons are connected to receptor cells in the skin, muscles, and joints? a. peripheral neurons b. interneurons c. sensory neurons d. motor neurons Answer: c Page Reference: 94 16) A nerve impulse from one neuron affects the activity of a neighbouring neuron at a point of interaction called the a. corpuscle. b. synapse. c. transmission cleft. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 4 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology d. neuronal junction. Answer: b Page Reference: 96 17) Specialized cells in the brain that send and receive information are called a. limbic cells. b. neurons. c. ganglia. d. gonads. Answer: b Page Reference: 93 18) Axons a. may be up to a quarter of a mile long. b. carry messages away from a cell body. c. are primarily responsible for the hypothalamic functions of regulation and motivation of sexual functions. d. are contained within the cell nucleus. Answer: b Page Reference: 94 19) Dendrites a. may be up to a quarter of a mile long. b. carry messages to cell bodies. c. are primarily responsible for the hypothalamic functions of regulation and motivation of sexual functions. d. are contained within the cell nucleus. Answer: b Page Reference: 93–94 20) The myelin sheath a. is a special substance protecting the dendrites. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 5 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology b. helps to speed up transmission of neural messages. c. is responsible for polarization. d. all of the above Answer: b Page Reference: 95 21) Dr. Chapin has just finished a delicate brain operation. He turns to a group of interns and says, ”She probably lost about 1000 ___________, but since she still has over 100 billion left, she should recover nicely.” Dr. Chapin was most likely referring to a. parts of the brain. b. neurons. c. pituitary glands. d. speech and language areas. Answer: b Page Reference: 106 22) A synapse is most important in a. separating the medulla from the hindbrain. b. regulating the parasympathetic nervous system. c. the process of transmitting messages between neurons. d. connecting the basal ganglia. Answer: c Page Reference: 96 23) The smallest unit in the nervous system is the _________. a. dendrite b. neuron c. axon d. myelin sheath Answer: b Page Reference: 93 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 6 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 24) The cell that underlies the activity of the entire nervous system is the _________. a. transmitter cell b. amoeba c. neuron d. carcinoma Answer: c Page Reference: 93 25) The short fibres that extend from the neuron allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are __________. a. axons b. dendrites c. nerve bundles d. cell membranes Answer: b Page Reference: 93–94 26) The entire area composed of the axon terminal of one neuron, the synaptic cleft, and the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron is called the _________. a. synaptic vesicle b. synaptic knob c. synaptic space d. synapse Answer: d Page Reference: 96 27) Most axon terminals contain a number of tiny oval sacs called __________. a. synaptic vesicles b. synaptic knobs c. neurotransmitters d. receptor sites Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 7 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Answer: a Page Reference: 98 28) When a neural impulse reaches the end of an axon, it causes the tiny oval sacs at the end of the axon to release chemicals called __________. a. effectors b. neurotransmitters c. stimulants d. ions Answer: b Page Reference: 97 29) Which of the following is NOT true of all neurotransmitters? a. They are chemicals. b. They are stored in synaptic vesicles. c. They are released across the synaptic space. d. They increase the likelihood that the next neuron will fire. Answer: d Page Reference: 97–98 30) Axons _______. a. receive/detect neural impulses b. carry messages away from a cell body c. secrete chemicals to lubricate the cell body d. are found in the cell body Answer: b Page Reference: 94 31) The glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream are called __________. a. lymph glands b. exocrine glands Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 8 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology c. hippocampal glands d. endocrine glands Answer: d Page Reference: 102 32) Endocrine glands are glands that secrete __________. a. excitory neurotransmitters b. inhibitory neurotransmitters c. hormones d. enzymes Answer: c Page Reference: 102 33) Chemical substances released by the endocrine glands to help regulate bodily functions are __________. a. enzymes b. neurotransmitters c. antigens d. hormones Answer: d Page Reference: 102 34) The thyroid and pituitary glands are parts of the _______ system. a. gonad b. endocrine c. steroid d. lymphatic Answer: b Page Reference: 102 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 9 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 35) The endocrine system is made up of a. special centres that control our language functions. b. neurons that transmit electrically charged messages. c. glands that release hormones into the bloodstream. d. none of the above Answer: c Page Reference: 102 36) Which of the following is NOT a part of the endocrine system? a. thyroid b. pons c. pituitary d. pancreas Answer: b Page Reference: 102, 108 37) The area in the back of the temporal lobe that is important in our ability to listen and in processing and understanding what others are saying is __________. a. Korsakoff's area b. Wernicke's area c. Broca's area d. Sach's area Answer: b Page Reference: 113 38) Garfield is having great difficulty controlling his appetite. All he wants to do is eat and no matter how much he eats he is still hungry. His weight is approaching 160 kgs and he still constantly wants to eat. His physician says the problem is due to a disorder in a specific cenrtr of the brain. The brain centre is most likely the a. medulla b. cerebral cortex c. thalamus Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 10 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology d. hypothalamus Answer: d Page Reference: 109 39) Despite its dangers, a young man continues to take cocaine because of the feeling of euphoria it produces for him. This powerful arousal of his nervous system is probably due to cocaine's ability to a. inhibit enzymes that break down neurotransmitters. b. increase the release of neurotransmitters. c. block the receptor sites for neurotransmitters. d. prevent neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed into the synaptic vesicles. Answer: d Page Reference: 101 40) Eating, drinking, sexual behaviour, temperature control, and sleeping are most strongly influenced by the a. medulla. b. cerebral cortex. c. thalamus. d. hypothalamus. Answer: d Page Reference: 109 41) Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? a. regulating eating b. regulating sleeping c. relaying sensory inputs to the higher centres in the brain d. regulating the ”restorative” functioning of the autonomic nervous system after an emergency has passed Answer: c Page Reference: 109 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 11 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 42) The hypothalamus does NOT control a. bowel movements. b. sweating. c. reactions to pain. d. fine motor coordination. Answer: d Page Reference: 109, 111 43) Darlene has just discovered that she made the dean's list, and she's in ecstasy— singing and dancing down the corridor. Which area of the brain is directing her behaviour? a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. cerebellum d. midbrain Answer: a Page Reference: 109, 111 44) The brain is connected to the other parts of the nervous system by the ________. a. spinal cord b. corpus callosum c. brainstem d. peripheral nervous system Answer: a Page Reference: 106 45) Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? a. maintaining homeostasis b. regulating the output of the pituitary c. controlling the emergency response of the autonomic nervous system d. coordinating smooth muscle movement Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 12 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Answer: d Page Reference: 109, 111 46) The branch of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for quick action in an emergency is the __________ division. a. central b. secondary c. sympathetic d. parasympathetic Answer: c Page Reference: 106–107 47) The system that relays messages in the form of electrochemical impulses throughout the body is called __________. a. the arousal system b. the nervous system c. the limbic system d. the endocrine system Answer: b Page Reference: 106 48) All nerve cells and fibres that are NOT in the brain or spinal cord make up the __________ nervous system. a. central b. peripheral c. autonomic d. sympathetic Answer: b Page Reference: 106 49) The division of the nervous system that connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body is the __________ system. a. peripheral nervous Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 13 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology b. endocrine c. central nervous d. secondary nervous Answer: a Page Reference: 106–107 50) The deer waits motionlessly, hidden in the thicket as the band of hunters approaches. As the hunters get closer, their dogs bark, picking up the scent of their prey. In a futile effort to escape, the deer bolts. Which of the following most accurately describes the nervous system of the hunted deer at this point? a. Its sympathetic nerve fibres are more active than its parasympathetic nerve fibres. b. Its parasympathetic nerve fibres are more active than its sympathetic nerve fibres. c. Both its sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibres are equally active. d. Neither its sympathetic nor its parasympathetic nerve fibres are aroused. Answer: a Page Reference: 106–107 51) The autonomic nervous system is responsible for a. controlling the skeletal muscles. b. sending sensory input to the brain. c. making choices and decisions. d. the activity of internal organs and glands. Answer: d Page Reference: 107 52) The part of the nervous system that allows the brain to regulate digestion, heart rate, and respiration without our conscious attention is the a. autonomic nervous system. b. central nervous system. c. somatic nervous system. d. spinal cord. Answer: a Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 14 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Page Reference: 107 53) The nervous system called the ”fight or flight” system is the _______ system. a. central b. parasympathetic c. somatic d. sympathetic Answer: d Page Reference: 107 54) Calm is to aroused as _______ is to _______. a. parasympathetic; sympathetic b. autonomic; motor c. sympathetic; parasympathetic d. central; peripheral Answer: a Page Reference: 107 55) One evening Betty was walking to the dorm from the gym when she was stopped by two men who demanded her money. Because she was a good athlete, Betty decided to make a run for it. Pretending to open her purse, she suddenly turned and dashed off. Although pursued, Betty outran her assailants. During this incident, which part of Betty's nervous system was most directly responsible for her successful escape? a. midbrain b. parasympathetic nervous system c. forebrain d. sympathetic nervous system Answer: d Page Reference: 107 56) The parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions make up the a. motor cortex. b. endocrine system. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 15 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology c. autonomic nervous system. d. neocortex. Answer: c Page Reference: 107 57) When the sympathetic nervous system assumes control of the involuntary bodily processes during a stressful situation, which of the following changes is likely to occur? a. digestion slows down b. less blood is pumped to muscles c. air passages become smaller d. sweat glands are less active Answer: a Page Reference: 107 58) Assume that you are testing a split-brain human subject whose language centre is in his left hemisphere. If you place a house key into his left hand, he will a. not be able to later select the object he was holding from a group of various objects. b. not be able to tell you what object he is presently holding. c. immediately be able to tell you what he is holding. d. be able to tell you what he is presently holding if allowed to think about it for several seconds. Answer: b Page Reference: 115 59) The limbic system is responsible for ___________. a. filtering incoming messages to the brain b. connecting the brain to most of the rest of the body c. fighting disease organisms that attempt to infect the brain d. controlling learning and emotional behaviour Answer: d Page Reference: 111 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 16 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 60) Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks? a. the front hemisphere b. the rear hemisphere c. the left hemisphere d. the right hemisphere Answer: d Page Reference: 115 61) The structure in the hindbrain that controls certain reflexes and coordinates the body's movements is the __________. a. medulla b. cerebellum c. pons d. reticular formation Answer: b Page Reference: 109 62) The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch, balance, and bodily position and oversees spatial abilities is the __________. a. occipital lobe b. temporal lobe c. parietal lobe d. frontal lobe Answer: c Page Reference: 112 63) The outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulate most complex behaviour is called the __________. a. cerebellum b. corpus callosum c. cerebral cortex d. substantia nigra Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 17 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Answer: c Page Reference: 111 64) The part of the brain that helps process hearing and gives meaning to words is the __________. a. occipital lobe b. temporal lobe c. parietal lobe d. frontal lobe Answer: b Page Reference: 113 65) The cerebellum __________. a. controls blood pressure b. is involved in emotional behaviour c. coordinates actions so that movements are efficient d. relays messages from the sensory receptors Answer: c Page Reference: 109 66) Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks? a. the front hemisphere b. the rear hemisphere c. the left hemisphere d. the right hemisphere Answer: c Page Reference: 115 67) The part of the brain that interprets visual information is the __________. a. occipital lobe b. temporal lobe Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 18 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology c. parietal lobe d. frontal lobe Answer: a Page Reference: 112 68) A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements. Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties? a. cerebellum b. medulla c. cerebral cortex d. thalamus Answer: a Page Reference: 109 69) The part of the hind brain that largely controls breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure is the ______________. a. cerebral cortex b. pons c. medulla d. cerebellum Answer: c Page Reference: 108 70) The site of many mental processes that are unique to humans (self-awareness, initiative, planning ability, and goal-directed behaviour) is the __________. a. occipital lobe b. temporal lobe c. parietal lobe d. frontal lobe Answer: d Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 19 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Page Reference: 113 71) ”Split-brain” patients are patients who have had _________. a. a prefrontal lobotomy b. their cerebellum split in the middle c. their corpus callosum cut d. a fracture skull in which bone fragments penetrated into the brain Answer: c Page Reference: 115 72) The part of the brain that controls hearing, does some additional processing of visual information, and is probably the site of permanent memory storage is a. the occipital lobe. b. the temporal lobe. c. the parietal lobe. d. the frontal lobe. Answer: b Page Reference: 113 73) The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex is the a. corpus callosum. b. pineal gland. c. pons. d. reticular formation. Answer: a Page Reference: 115 74) A ”split-brain” patient is asked to stare at a spot on a screen. When a picture of an object is shown to the left of the spot, the patient can a. identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand. b. identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 20 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology c. pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand, but cannot identify it verbally. d. pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand, but cannot identify it verbally. Answer: c Page Reference: 115 75) The brain's ”relay station” is the _______. a. hypothalamus b. medulla c. pons d. thalamus Answer: d Page Reference: 109 76) If the limbic system were destroyed, which of the following structures would be damaged? a. cerebellum and corpus callosum b. cerebellum and amygdala c. amygdala and hippocampus d. hippocampus and corpus callosum Answer: c Page Reference: 111 77) Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the brain? a. corpus callosum b. frontal c. occipital d. parietal Answer: a Page Reference: 109 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 21 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 78) The somatosensory cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain. a. frontal b. occipital c. parietal d. temporal Answer: c Page Reference: 112 79) The motor cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain. a. frontal b. occipital c. parietal d. temporal Answer: a Page Reference: 113 80) Damage to the medulla can seriously impair one's ability to a. sing. b. write. c. breathe. d. metabolize food. Answer: c Page Reference: 108 81) Which part of the brain can be thought of as a major switching station that directs incoming information to the correct brain structure? a. midbrain b. thalamus c. cerebellum d. reticular activating system Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 22 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Answer: b Page Reference: 111 82) The motor impulses/commands associated with the muscular coordination and movements necessary for one to write originate in which lobe of the cerebral cortex? a. temporal b. parietal c. occipital d. frontal Answer: d Page Reference: 113 83) A brain tumour's growth has caused Dick's vision to suffer. Which lobe of the brain is being affected by the tumour's growth? a. frontal b. occipital c. parietal d. temporal Answer: b Page Reference: 112 84) After removal of a tumour from the LEFT side of her brain, Sharon recovered well. However, some of her former abilities are now limited. Which of the following abilities are most likely affected? a. coordinated walking movements b. solving algebra equations c. assembling puzzles d. recognizing objects that she sees Answer: b Page Reference: 115 85) The two major divisions of the central nervous system are a. left and right hemispheres. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 23 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology b. the brain and autonomic systems. c. brain and spinal cord. d. peripheral and autonomic systems. Answer: c Page Reference: 106 86) The part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and posture is the a. pituitary gland. b. neocortex. c. hypothalamus. d. medulla. Answer: d Page Reference: 108 87) The medulla, pons, and cerebellum are all part of the a. midbrain. b. hindbrain. c. spinal cord. d. forebrain. Answer: b Page Reference: 108–109 88) The part of the hindbrain that controls such things as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure is the __________. a. cerebral cortex b. pons c. medulla d. cerebellum Answer: c Page Reference: 108–109 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 24 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 89) The left cerebral hemisphere primarily controls a. the right side of the body. b. the left side of the body. c. all motor functions. d. spatial reasoning. Answer: a Page Reference: 116 90) The right cerebral hemisphere primarily controls a. the right side of the body. b. the left side of the body. c. speech and language. d. a and c. Answer: b Page Reference: 116 91) The hemisphere of the brain that acts as an interpreter, helping us with sequencing and logic, is the __________. a. front b. rear c. left d. right Answer: d Page Reference: 115–116 92) It is believed that the hypothalamus controls ________. a. aggression b. social learning abilities c. long-term mechanisms of body weight d. biological motives Answer: a Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 25 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Page Reference: 111 93) The notion that human language production is controlled primarily by the left cerebral cortex was first proposed by __________. a. Paul Broca b. Sally Shaywitz c. Karl Wernicke d. Hermann Ebbinghaus Answer: a Page Reference: 117 94) Which neural structure is essentially a “little bag of molecules”? a. synapse b. synaptic vesicle Correct: A synaptic vesicle holds molecules until they are needed. c. axon terminal d. dendrite Answer: b Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 94, Module 3.2 Skill: Factual Objective: Understand how nerve cells communicate. 95) During an action potential, what changes are evident in the negative ions inside the neuron? a. Negative ions rush out of the axon to increase the positive charge inside the axon. b. Negative and positive ions flow into the axon to maintain a balanced proportion. c. There is little or no net change in the distribution of negative ions. Correct: Statement of fact. d. Negative ions trigger the release of neurotransmitters in the axon terminals. Answer: c Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 26 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 96, Module 3.2 Skill: Factual Objective: Know the key terminology associated with nerve cells, hormones, and their functioning. 96) Which neurological disorder is caused by degeneration of the myelin sheath? a. multiple sclerosis Correct: The degeneration of myelin causes a disruption in neural functioning. b. cystic fibrosis c. Parkinson’s disease d. Alzheimer’s disease Answer: a Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 95, Module 3.2 Skill: Factual Objective: Understand how nerve cells communicate. 97) How does communication between neurons occur? a. through graded potentials b. through action potentials c. through neurotransmitters Correct: Statement of fact. d. through axons Answer: c Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 94, Module 3.2 Skill: Factual Objective: Understand how nerve cells communicate. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 27 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology 98) Carmen, who is right-handed, sustained a head injury and is now unable to speak smoothly. Which brain structure was most likely involved? a. Wernicke’s area b. Broca’s area Correct: Broca’s area is responsible for speech production. c. the cerebellum d. the thalamus Answer: b Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 117, Module 3.3 Skill: Applied Objective: Apply your knowledge of brain regions to predict which abilities might be affected when a specific area is injured or diseased. 99) Joey is about to eat his lunch. What part of Joey’s brain is primarily responsible for helping him make the movements he needs to obtain his sandwich? a. substantia nigra b. basal ganglia Correct: The basal ganglia is responsible for movement. c. basal forebrain d. thalamus Answer: b Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 109, Module 3.3 Skill: Applied Objective: Apply your knowledge of brain regions to predict which abilities might be affected when a specific area is injured or diseased. 100) Marlen suffered damage to his hippocampus. What problem is Marlen most likely to encounter as a result? a. expressing negative emotions Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 28 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology b. remembering previous experiences c. controlling his voluntary movements on the right side d. forming new memories Correct: The hippocampus is essential for forming new memories. Answer: d Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 109, Module 3.3 Skill: Applied Objective: Apply your knowledge of brain regions to predict which abilities might be affected when a specific area is injured or diseased. 101) The endocrine system is to _________________ as the nervous system is to ________________. a. glands; muscles b. autonomic system; somatic system c. hormones; neurotransmitters Correct: The endocrine system produces hormones. The nervous system produces neurotransmitters. d. hypothalamus; pituitary gland Answer: c Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 111, Module 3.3 Skill: Conceptual Objective: Know the key terminology associated with the structure and organization of the nervous system. 102) What is one of the primary functions of adrenalin? a. It prevents the breakdown of fatty acids. b. It stimulates the digestive tract. c. It contracts the heart muscle. Correct: Statement of fact. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 29 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology d. It constricts the pupils. Answer: c Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 99, Module 3.2 Skill: Factual Objective: Know the key terminology associated with nerve cells, hormones, and their functioning. 103) Which statement about encephalography (EEG) is accurate? a. It has high spatial resolution. b. It has high temporal resolution. Correct: An EEG can show brain activity in real time. c. It detects what is happening inside the neuron. d. It detects which neurons are most active. Answer: b Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Reference: 124, Module 3.4 Skill: Factual Objective: Know the key terminology associated with measuring and observing brain activity. 104) Eli has brown eyes and black hair. Which term best reflects these traits? a. genotype b. phenotype Correct: A phenotype is a physical trait that shows genetic variation. c. genome d. recessive Answer: b Diff: 2 Type: MC Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 30 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Page Reference: 76, Module 3.1 Skill: Applied Objective: Know the key terminology related to genes, inheritance, and evolutionary psychology. 105) Which genetic disease is untreatable and cannot be controlled by modifying environmental influences? a. Huntington’s chorea Correct: Huntington’s is a genetic disease. The other diseases listed have all been associated with environmental factors. b. Alzheimer’s disease c. multiple sclerosis d. phenylketonuria (PKU) Answer: a Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 110, Module 3.3 Skill: Factual Objective: Know the key terminology associated with the structure and organization of the nervous system. 106) When Emily was a child, a blood clot severely damaged her left cerebral hemisphere. Emily is now a successful college student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of a. aphasia. b. hemispherectomy. c. tomography. d. neuroplasticity. Correct: Neuroplasticity is the capacity of the brain to repair itself based on individual experience. Answer: d Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Reference: 116, Module 3.3 Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 31 of 32  Krause, Corts, Dolderman, Smith, Psychological Science, Canadian Edition, Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Skill: Conceptual Objective: Analyze whether neuroplasticity will help people with brain damage. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc. Page 32 of 32