Midterm 1 Questions PDF

Question 1 1 / 1 pts Krista and Tatiana Hogan conjoined twins who are joined at the head. They have been studied at length by doctors and psychologists about the details of their experience. They are the focus of a ___________. ​ case study ​ experiment ​ survey ​ naturalistic...

Question 1 1 / 1 pts Krista and Tatiana Hogan conjoined twins who are joined at the head. They have been studied at length by doctors and psychologists about the details of their experience. They are the focus of a ___________. ​ case study ​ experiment ​ survey ​ naturalistic observation Question 2 1 / 1 pts Clive Wearing could remember which of the following types of memory? ​ headlines from the news ​ new people he meets ​ the most recent updates in his children’s lives ​ how to play the piano Question 3 1 / 1 pts A(n) ________ is a variable that affects both variables of interest and may falsely give the impression of a cause-and-effect relationship. ​ dependent variable ​ confounding variable ​ independent variable ​ control variable Question 4 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is able to prescribe medication? ​ Psychoanalyst ​ Clinical Psychologist ​ Psychiatrist ​ Counseling Psychologist Question 5 1 / 1 pts Which psychological perspective might advance the argument that our sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response to predatory risks, which are higher during periods of darkness? ​ dependent  ​ cognitive behavioral ​ evolutionary ​ Freudian Question 6 1 / 1 pts Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________. ​ Gestalt psychology ​ psychoanalysis ​ personality ​ social psychology Question 7 1 / 1 pts Which of the following represents a weak positive correlation? ​ +0.9 ​ +0.2 ​ –0.9 ​ 0 Question 8 1 / 1 pts Which of the following animals appears to be most likely to experience dreams? ​ fish ​ cephalopods ​ mammals ​ reptiles Question 9 1 / 1 pts Which of the following branches of psychology is most closely related to the biological perspective? ​ Humanism ​ Evolutionary Psychology ​ Gestalt Psychology ​ Social-learning Theory Question 10 1 / 1 pts Which of the following drugs behaves partially like a stimulant, partially like a depressant, and partially like a hallucinogen? ​ Marijauna ​ Alcohol ​ Cocaine ​ Methadone Question 11 1 / 1 pts The ________ reviews research conducted using human subjects. ​ NIH ​ IRB ​ IACUC ​ NIMH Question 12 1 / 1 pts Which of the following areas is located in the frontal lobe of the brain? ​ thalamus ​ Wernicke’s area ​ Broca’s area  ​ hippocampus Question 13 1 / 1 pts ________ assesses the consistency of observations by different observers. ​ the control group ​ inter-rater reliability ​ validity ​ attrition Question 14 1 / 1 pts ________ is a reduction in the number of research participants as some drop out of the study over time. ​ attrition ​ experimenter bias ​ generalizability ​ single blinding Question 15 1 / 1 pts Which of the following uses input from the eyes to regulate melatonin release? ​ Hypothalamus ​ Pons ​ Wernicke’s area ​ Suprachiasmatic nucleus Question 16 1 / 1 pts A sample that ________ is most likely to yield generalizable results. ​ has at least 20 participants ​ has at least 200 participants ​ is large and randomly selected ​ is small and specifically selected Question 17 1 / 1 pts The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________. ​ parasympathetic; sympathetic nervous systems ​ autonomic; sympathetic nervous systems  ​ central; peripheral nervous systems ​ autonomic; somatic nervous systems Question 18 1 / 1 pts The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration. ​ sympathetic ​ autonomic ​ parasympathetic ​ somatic Question 19 1 / 1 pts The ________ variable measures effects of the independent variable. ​ dependent ​ experimental ​ independent ​ confounding Question 20 1 / 1 pts A negative correlation means ________. ​ a third variable eliminates a correlational relationship ​ there is a relationship between two variables, but it is not statistically significant ​ two variables increase together, but they are associated with an undesirable outcome ​ one variable decreases as the other increases Question 21 1 / 1 pts The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________. ​ peripheral nerves ​ internal organs ​ brainstem ​ spinal cord Question 22 1 / 1 pts Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so infrequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify?  ​ tolerance ​ physical dependence ​ withdrawal ​ psychological dependence Question 23 1 / 1 pts Which of the following higher level processes is not a function of the cerebral cortex? ​ emotion ​ reasoning ​ memory ​ breathing Question 24 1 / 1 pts Sensory and motor neurons of the ________ nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary. ​ somatic ​ parasympathetic ​ autonomic ​ sympathetic Question 25 1 / 1 pts Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________. ​ biopsychologist ​ social psychologist ​ developmental psychologist ​ humanist Question 26 1 / 1 pts ________ is the tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas or beliefs. ​ experimenter bias ​ sampling bias ​ confirmation bias ​ illusory correlation Question 27 1 / 1 pts The ________ is controlled by the experimenter.  ​ independent variable ​ dependent variable ​ variability ​ confounding variable Question 28 1 / 1 pts Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction? ​ –0.5 ​ –0.2 ​ +0.4 ​ +0.7 Question 29 1 / 1 pts Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________. ​ validity ​ reliability ​ inter-rater reliability ​ replication Question 30 1 / 1 pts The somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing ________. ​ language, such as speech ​ motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face ​ temperature, touch, and pain ​ cognition and emotion Question 31 1 / 1 pts Rosemary had a stroke about a year ago and now she cannot understand what people are saying to her. This is embarrassing for her, so she responds using vague language and tries to make it appear as though she understands. Which area of Rosemary’s brain was likely damaged by the stroke? ​ prefrontal cortex ​ Broca’s area ​ occipital cortex ​ Wernicke’s area Question 32 1 / 1 pts Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to feel high. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same affect. This is an example of ________. ​ psychological dependence ​ tolerance ​ physical dependence ​ withdrawal Question 33 1 / 1 pts Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system? ​ melatonin ​ homeostasis ​ rhythm ​ insomnia Incorrect Question 34 0 / 1 pts The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and reducing blood flow to skeletal muscles.  ​ parasympathetic ​ autonomic ​ somatic ​ sympathetic Question 35 1 / 1 pts In a ________ study, both the researchers and the participants are unaware of the group assignments. ​ randomly assigned ​ double-blind ​ control ​ pilot Question 36 1 / 1 pts A group of researchers report data from a study where they hired experimental confederates to attend speed dating events, posing as daters, and carefully take notes on the behaviors of the daters. What type of research design did they use? ​ experiment ​ survey ​ case study ​ naturalistic observation Question 37 1 / 1 pts Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity. ​ stimulant ​ hallucinogen ​ antipsychotic ​ depressant Question 38 1 / 1 pts ________ research studies the same groups of participants over time. ​ archival ​ cross-sectional ​ correlational ​ longitudinal Incorrect Question 39 0 / 1 pts The ________ of a neuron contain ________ that house neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the nervous system. ​ dendrites; vesicles ​ terminal buttons; vesicles ​ terminal buttons; transport proteins ​ axons; terminal buttons Question 40 1 / 1 pts If a patient simply believes a treatment will reduce pain, often times it will. This describes ________. ​ participant bias ​ the placebo effect ​ observer bias ​ experimenter bias Question 41 1 / 1 pts The ________ reviews research conducted using animal subjects.  ​ IACUC ​ NIMH ​ IRB ​ NIH Question 42 1 / 1 pts Which branch of psychology is most closely related to ideas like punishment and reinforcement? ​ humanism ​ structuralism ​ functionalism ​ behaviorism Question 43 1 / 1 pts The therapeutic effects of LSD and psilocybin appear to be tied to decreased functioning in the ​ default mode network ​ occipital lobe ​ auditory cortex ​ medulla Question 44 1 / 1 pts The only way to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables is to conduct a(n) ________. ​ survey ​ detailed literature search ​ experiment ​ study Question 45 1 / 1 pts The ________ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours. ​ meta ​ homeostatic ​ pineal ​ circadian Question 46 1 / 1 pts Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity. ​ antipsychotic ​ stimulant ​ depressant ​ hallucinogen Question 47 1 / 1 pts The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain? ​ parietal ​ occipital ​ frontal ​ temporal Question 48 1 / 1 pts Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. ​ developmental ​ personality  ​ social ​ cognitive Question 49 1 / 1 pts Dmitris is in a car accident and his parietal lobe is injured. Which of the following is the most likely behavioral effect of his accident? ​ no sensation in his legs and feet ​ cannot move his fingers ​ blindness ​ deafness Question 50 1 / 1 pts Agonists ________ firing and antagonists ________ firing. ​ increase; decrease ​ increase; have no effect on ​ stop; increase ​ decrease; increase