Benign Tumors and Fibrocystic Breast Change PDF
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This document describes various benign breast tumors and fibrocystic changes. It discusses factors that contribute to fibrocystic changes and details how the conditions present in the breasts. Key types of benign breast tumors, like intraductal papilloma, fibroadenoma, and phyllodes tumor, are detailed with identifying features.
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# BENIGN TUMORS AND FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES ## I. FIBROCYSTIC CHANGE - Development of fibrosis and cysts in the breast - Most common change in the premenopausal breast, thought to be hormone mediated - Presents as vague irregularity of the breast tissue ('lumpy breast'), usually in the upper outer...
# BENIGN TUMORS AND FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES ## I. FIBROCYSTIC CHANGE - Development of fibrosis and cysts in the breast - Most common change in the premenopausal breast, thought to be hormone mediated - Presents as vague irregularity of the breast tissue ('lumpy breast'), usually in the upper outer quadrant - Cysts have a blue-dome appearance on gross exam. - Benign, but some fibrocystic-related changes are associated with an increased risk for invasive carcinoma (increased risk applies to both breasts) - Fibrosis, cysts, and apocrine metaplasia (Fig. 16.2) - no increased risk - Ductal hyperplasia and sclerosing adenosis - 2x increased risk - Atypical hyperplasia - 5x increased risk ## II. INTRADUCTAL PAPILLOMA - Papillary growth, usually into a large duct - Characterized by fibrovascular projections lined by epithelial (luminal) and myoepithelial cells - Classically presents as bloody nipple discharge in a premenopausal woman - Must be distinguished from papillary carcinoma, which also presents as bloody nipple discharge - Papillary carcinoma is characterized by fibrovascular projections lined by epithelial cells without underlying myoepithelial cells. - Risk of papillary carcinoma increases with age; thus, it is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women. ## III. FIBROADENOMA - Tumor of fibrous tissue and glands (Fig. 16.3) - Most common benign neoplasm of the breast; usually seen in premenopausal women - Presents as a well-circumscribed, mobile marble-like mass - Estrogen sensitive - grows during pregnancy and may be painful during the menstrual cycle <br> > Can shrink in size when a women undergoes menopause - Benign, with no increased risk of carcinoma ## IV. PHYLLODES TUMOR - Fibroadenoma-like tumor with overgrowth of the fibrous component; characteristic 'leaf-like' projections are seen on biopsy (Fig. 16.4). - Most commonly seen in postmenopausal women - Can be malignant in some cases
