Biomolecules I

Which type of bond is formed between two monosaccharides to create a disaccharide?

Covalent bond

What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?

Energy storage

Which type of cells store glycogen as an energy reserve?

Liver cells

Where is starch primarily stored as an energy reserve in plants?

Chloroplasts & other plastids Signup and view all the answers

What determines the structure and function of a polysaccharide?

Its sugar monomers and positions of glycosidic linkages Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cellular function of monosaccharides?

Main fuels for cellular work Signup and view all the answers

Which structural compound is a major component of the tough wall of plant cells?

Cellulose Signup and view all the answers

What type of glycosidic linkages do cellulose molecules have?

Beta (β) Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide is used by insects and crustaceans to build an exoskeleton?

Chitin Signup and view all the answers

What type of glucose monomer does chitin have with a nitrogen-containing appendage?

With β linkages Signup and view all the answers

In starch, which component is somewhat branched?

Amylopectin Signup and view all the answers

What type of glucose polymers are helical in structure?

α glucose polymers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of carbohydrate is water-insoluble?

Polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of lipids according to the text?

Energy storage Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid is an important component of the plasma membrane?

Phospholipids Signup and view all the answers

What functional group is present in a fatty acid?

Carboxyl group (COOH) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid acts as energy-reserving molecules?

Triglyceride (fats) Signup and view all the answers

What are the monomers of disaccharides and polysaccharides?

Glucose, fructose, galactose Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

Structural isomers have the same chemical formula, but different skeleton arrangements, while stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes enantiomers?

Enantiomers are mirror images that are not superimposable on each other. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an enantiomer from a diastereomer?

An enantiomer has the same physical properties as its mirror image, while a diastereomer does not. Signup and view all the answers

Which functional group is present in both glucose and fructose?

Aldehyde Signup and view all the answers

How do monosaccharides differ from polysaccharides?

Monosaccharides are simple sugars consisting of single carbohydrate units, while polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of multiple sugar units. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecule consists of identical or similar building blocks (monomers) linked together?

Polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

In terms of stereochemistry, what does it mean for a molecule to be chiral?

The molecule is non-superimposable on its mirror image. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of breaking down a polymer into its monomer units?

Hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which macromolecule is a polymer made up of amino acid monomers?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

In stereochemistry, what term describes molecules that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in space?

Isomers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecule consists of thousands of atoms connected covalently?

Polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Which functional group is commonly found in carbohydrates and helps in forming glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides?

Hydroxyl group Signup and view all the answers

Biomolecules I

Questions and Answers

Which type of bond is formed between two monosaccharides to create a disaccharide?

What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?

Which type of cells store glycogen as an energy reserve?

Where is starch primarily stored as an energy reserve in plants?

What determines the structure and function of a polysaccharide?

What is the main cellular function of monosaccharides?

Which structural compound is a major component of the tough wall of plant cells?

What type of glycosidic linkages do cellulose molecules have?

Which polysaccharide is used by insects and crustaceans to build an exoskeleton?

What type of glucose monomer does chitin have with a nitrogen-containing appendage?

In starch, which component is somewhat branched?

What type of glucose polymers are helical in structure?

Which type of carbohydrate is water-insoluble?

What is the major function of lipids according to the text?

Which type of lipid is an important component of the plasma membrane?

What functional group is present in a fatty acid?

Which type of lipid acts as energy-reserving molecules?

What are the monomers of disaccharides and polysaccharides?

What is the main difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

Which statement best describes enantiomers?

What distinguishes an enantiomer from a diastereomer?

Which functional group is present in both glucose and fructose?

How do monosaccharides differ from polysaccharides?

Which type of molecule consists of identical or similar building blocks (monomers) linked together?

In terms of stereochemistry, what does it mean for a molecule to be chiral?

What is the term for the process of breaking down a polymer into its monomer units?

Which macromolecule is a polymer made up of amino acid monomers?

In stereochemistry, what term describes molecules that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in space?

Which type of molecule consists of thousands of atoms connected covalently?

Which functional group is commonly found in carbohydrates and helps in forming glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides?

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