Photosynthesis Process Quiz

• Chloroplasts are specialized organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place.
• Chloroplasts consist of an outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, granum, thylakoid, lamella, and lumen.
• Green chlorophyll is found in the thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplast, absorbing light for photosynthesis.
• Two processes occur during photosynthesis: the light-dependent reaction process and the Calvin cycle.
• During the light-dependent reaction process, sunlight and water create ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen.
• The Calvin cycle, also called the light-independent reaction process, uses ATP and NADPH to create glucose.
• The stroma, an aqueous fluid filling the chloroplast cavity, is where the Calvin cycle takes place.
• Thylakoids, or grana, are where the light-dependent reaction process occurs and contain the chlorophyll responsible for photosynthesis.
• The outer membrane allows small molecules to pass through, while the inner membrane restricts their entry.
• The stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle, where glucose is produced, and is filled with an aqueous fluid.
• Granum refers to stacks of thylakoids, where the light-dependent reaction process takes place.
• Lamella is a filter that keeps certain chemicals out of the cell.
• Lumen is the space inside the thylakoids, where oxygen is produced through the removal of hydrogen atoms from water.
• The chloroplast uses DNA to code instructions for photosynthesis and ribosomes to implement these instructions.

(Note: Some bullet points may be slightly overlapping, as the text presented the information in an interconnected manner.)