24 Questions
What is the primary driving force of Philippine social movements according to De Cadiz?
Shared principles and ideology
According to De Cadiz, what role does poverty play in social movements in the Philippines?
It is both an economic and political issue
What led the military to change its perception of the NPA from a 'police problem' to a larger issue?
NDF's public recognition
What is the main focus of social movements in response to systemic injustices according to De Cadiz?
Addressing poverty and inequality
What has led to the NDF regaining public recognition?
Campaigns in the anti-VFA movement
What does De Cadiz consider as a political issue in the context of poverty?
Corrupt political systems and policies
How does De Cadiz characterize the role of globalization in the Philippines?
Both beneficial and detrimental
What is the primary focus of the NDF's campaigns for regaining public recognition?
Anti-VFA movement
What does De Cadiz argue as the driving force behind social movements in the Philippines?
Shared principles and ideology
Who are the urban trade union and peasant movement leaders in the Philippines, as mentioned in the text?
KMU and KMP
Which group recycles a Maoist view of Philippine society as 'semi feudal' and 'semi colonial'?
NDF and NPA
What does Absolute deprivation refer to, as explained in the text?
Lack of basic necessities for survival
Who advocates for social movement unionism to protect the rights of all workers, not just wage earners?
Alliance of Progressive Labor (APL)
According to Bertelsmann (2009), what crucial challenges does the Philippines face?
Political institution reform, navigating globalization, strengthening governance structures, and ending elitist politics
What does relative deprivation involve, according to the text?
Perceived discrepancies and unfairness compared to others in society
What does structural strain theory argue, based on the text?
Tensions within society lead to social movements
According to resource mobilization theory, what is crucial for social movements to challenge existing power structures?
Financial, organizational, and human resources
What does political process theory emphasize as crucial for movement mobilization?
Favorable political conditions such as open policy windows or supportive elites
What distinguishes New Social Movement (NSM) theory from traditional social movements?
Driven by post-materialist values such as identity politics or environmentalism
According to deprivation theory, why are people more likely to mobilize and engage in collective action?
When they feel deprived of certain resources such as political rights or economic opportunities
What was a key factor in the emergence of the civil rights movement in the United States, according to deprivation theory?
African Americans feeling deprived of equal rights and opportunities
What is the primary difference between absolute deprivation and relative deprivation?
Absolute deprivation is an objective measure of lacking essential resources, while relative deprivation is a subjective measure based on perceived discrepancies.
What primarily causes absolute deprivation according to the text?
Systemic factors such as poverty, discrimination, unequal distribution of resources, or lack of access to essential services due to economic disparities.
What is the focus of relative deprivation according to the text?
Perceived discrepancies between what individuals have and what they believe they deserve compared to others.
Study Notes
Social Movements and Challenges in the Philippines
- "Bibingka strategy" by Borras (1999) emphasized the importance of state and non-state actors for successful land reform implementation.
- The KMU and KMP, the urban trade union and peasant movement, led by Rafael Mariano, emerged as significant revolution forces in the Philippines.
- The NDF and NPA recycle a Maoist view of Philippine society as "semi feudal" and "semi colonial," while capitalist relations have converted landed estates into tourist havens.
- The Catholic Church in the Philippines is deeply divided, with the Vatican opposing birth control and social transformation, while nuns and priests work with leftist social movements.
- Grassroots efforts like Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs) are more effective than abstract theories, as confirmed by Nadea (2001).
- The Alliance of Progressive Labor (APL) advocates for social movement unionism to protect the rights of all workers, not just wage earners.
- Technology analyst Howard Rheingold highlights Filipinos' enthusiasm for Short Message Service (SMS) in social movements.
- Bertelsmann (2009) outlines four crucial challenges for the Philippines: political institution reform, navigating globalization, strengthening governance structures, and ending elitist politics.
- W5 R2 explains the theories behind social movements, including resource mobilization, political process, new social movement (NSM), deprivation, and structural strain theories.
- Absolute deprivation refers to the lack of basic necessities for survival, while relative deprivation involves perceived discrepancies and unfairness compared to others in society.
- Absolute deprivation is caused by systemic factors like poverty and discrimination, while relative deprivation is fueled by social comparisons and perceptions of unfairness.
- Structural strain theory argues that tensions within society lead to social movements, as seen in labor strikes driven by perceived unjust working conditions.
Test your knowledge of social movements and challenges in the Philippines with this quiz. Explore key actors, ideologies, and grassroots efforts shaping the country's social landscape. From land reform strategies to the role of technology and the Catholic Church, delve into the complexities of social transformation and the challenges faced by the Philippines.
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