Pancreatic Hormones & Diabetes Mellitus Drug Classification Quiz

What effect does metformin have on insulin secretion?

Enhances insulin secretion

No effect on insulin secretion (correct)

Inhibits insulin secretion

Stimulates insulin secretion

What is a notable side effect of metformin related to the gastrointestinal system?

Nausea and diarrhea (correct)

Excessive hunger

Severe bloating

Constant mild stomach pain

Which statement accurately describes metformin's effect on mitochondrial function?

Disrupts ATP synthesis

Inhibits Complex I of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (correct)

Accelerates ATP/AMP ratio

Enhances Complex I activity

In what type of patients should metformin be avoided due to the risk of lactic acidosis?

Patients with kidney or liver disease Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid profile change is associated with the use of metformin?

Decreased total cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

Inhibiting carbohydrate breakdown and glucose absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin has the quickest onset of action?

Insulin lispro (Humalog) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin is used in emergencies for ketoacidosis?

Regular insulin (Humulin R) Signup and view all the answers

Which form of insulin maintains fasting blood glucose levels?

Insulin glargine (Lantus) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin is not used intravenously (IV)?

Insulin glargine (Lantus) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin has a peakless 24-hour duration of action?

Insulin glargine (Lantus) Signup and view all the answers

Which insulin type can be used approximately 15 minutes before the start of a meal?

Insulin aspart (Novolog) Signup and view all the answers

What is the onset of action for insulin detemir (Levemir)?

2 hours Signup and view all the answers

How does insulin detemir (Levemir) differ from glargine and Ultra long-acting 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas in terms of peak action?

Peakless Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of glyburide (Micronase)?

Close K+ATP channel on pancreatic β-cell Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is associated with insulin degludec (Tresiba)?

Higher incidence of hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for not using glyburide (Micronase) in patients with renal or liver failure?

Higher incidence of hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

Which generation of sulfonylureas are glyburide (Micronase) and other potent hypoglycemic agents considered to be a part of?

1st Generation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

Flatulence (gas) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Thiazolidinediones (TZD’s) like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone?

Enhancing tissue insulin sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Acarbose and Miglitol when used as monotherapy on HbA1c levels?

Decrease HbA1c by 0.8% Signup and view all the answers

Why are Thiazolidinediones like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone not considered hypoglycemic agents?

They have no direct impact on blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What condition is a contraindication for the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Signup and view all the answers

How does Acarbose and Miglitol affect sucrose breakdown during a hypoglycemic episode?

Prevents sucrose breakdown Signup and view all the answers

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is eliminated hepatically?

Liraglutide Signup and view all the answers

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is administered subcutaneously twice a day?

Exenatide Signup and view all the answers

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is available as an extended-release formulation used once weekly?

Exenatide Signup and view all the answers

Which GLP-1 agonist drug has GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist properties?

Tirzepatide Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is potentially fatal and should prompt patients to report any upper abdominal pain and vomiting?

Acute pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are all GLP-1 receptor agonists currently contraindicated?

Stage 4 Signup and view all the answers

Pancreatic Hormones & Diabetes Mellitus Drug Classification Quiz

Questions and Answers

What effect does metformin have on insulin secretion?

What is a notable side effect of metformin related to the gastrointestinal system?

Which statement accurately describes metformin's effect on mitochondrial function?

In what type of patients should metformin be avoided due to the risk of lactic acidosis?

Which lipid profile change is associated with the use of metformin?

What is the primary mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

Which type of insulin has the quickest onset of action?

Which type of insulin is used in emergencies for ketoacidosis?

Which form of insulin maintains fasting blood glucose levels?

Which type of insulin is not used intravenously (IV)?

Which type of insulin has a peakless 24-hour duration of action?

Which insulin type can be used approximately 15 minutes before the start of a meal?

What is the onset of action for insulin detemir (Levemir)?

How does insulin detemir (Levemir) differ from glargine and Ultra long-acting 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas in terms of peak action?

What is the mechanism of action of glyburide (Micronase)?

Which side effect is associated with insulin degludec (Tresiba)?

What is the main reason for not using glyburide (Micronase) in patients with renal or liver failure?

Which generation of sulfonylureas are glyburide (Micronase) and other potent hypoglycemic agents considered to be a part of?

What is a common side effect associated with the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

What is the primary mechanism of action of Thiazolidinediones (TZD’s) like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone?

What is the effect of Acarbose and Miglitol when used as monotherapy on HbA1c levels?

Why are Thiazolidinediones like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone not considered hypoglycemic agents?

What condition is a contraindication for the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

How does Acarbose and Miglitol affect sucrose breakdown during a hypoglycemic episode?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is eliminated hepatically?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is administered subcutaneously twice a day?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is available as an extended-release formulation used once weekly?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug has GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist properties?

Which side effect is potentially fatal and should prompt patients to report any upper abdominal pain and vomiting?

In which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are all GLP-1 receptor agonists currently contraindicated?

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Pancreatic Hormones & Diabetes Mellitus Drug Classification Quiz

Questions and Answers

What effect does metformin have on insulin secretion?

What is a notable side effect of metformin related to the gastrointestinal system?

Which statement accurately describes metformin's effect on mitochondrial function?

In what type of patients should metformin be avoided due to the risk of lactic acidosis?

Which lipid profile change is associated with the use of metformin?

What is the primary mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

Which type of insulin has the quickest onset of action?

Which type of insulin is used in emergencies for ketoacidosis?

Which form of insulin maintains fasting blood glucose levels?

Which type of insulin is not used intravenously (IV)?

Which type of insulin has a peakless 24-hour duration of action?

Which insulin type can be used approximately 15 minutes before the start of a meal?

What is the onset of action for insulin detemir (Levemir)?

How does insulin detemir (Levemir) differ from glargine and Ultra long-acting 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas in terms of peak action?

What is the mechanism of action of glyburide (Micronase)?

Which side effect is associated with insulin degludec (Tresiba)?

What is the main reason for not using glyburide (Micronase) in patients with renal or liver failure?

Which generation of sulfonylureas are glyburide (Micronase) and other potent hypoglycemic agents considered to be a part of?

What is a common side effect associated with the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

What is the primary mechanism of action of Thiazolidinediones (TZD’s) like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone?

What is the effect of Acarbose and Miglitol when used as monotherapy on HbA1c levels?

Why are Thiazolidinediones like Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone not considered hypoglycemic agents?

What condition is a contraindication for the use of Acarbose and Miglitol?

How does Acarbose and Miglitol affect sucrose breakdown during a hypoglycemic episode?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is eliminated hepatically?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is administered subcutaneously twice a day?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug is available as an extended-release formulation used once weekly?

Which GLP-1 agonist drug has GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist properties?

Which side effect is potentially fatal and should prompt patients to report any upper abdominal pain and vomiting?

In which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are all GLP-1 receptor agonists currently contraindicated?

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