30 Questions
What distinguishes maintenance rehearsal from elaborate rehearsal?
Maintenance rehearsal involves repeating stimuli without linking them, while elaborate rehearsal links stimuli in a meaningful way.
Which level of processing model suggests that elaborative rehearsal is more effective?
Semantic processing level
What type of memory includes facts and experiences developed over a lifetime?
Semantic memory
Which type of memory involves recalling information intentionally?
Explicit memory
What type of memory involves actions we perform without conscious recollection?
Procedural memory
Which effect explains why we are more likely to remember unique or odd stimuli?
Von Restorff Effect
What type of memory was intact in Clive Wearing despite the destruction of his hippocampus?
Implicit memory
Which brain structure helps in recalling emotions associated with fearful events?
Amygdala
Which disease is the most frequent cause of dementia according to the text?
Alzheimer's disease
Which factor is related to lower rates of Alzheimer's disease according to research mentioned in the text?
Active lifestyle and intellectual activity
In terms of memory loss, when do most people start showing declines according to the text?
After 65 years old
Which key finding supports the notion that destroying the hippocampus does not affect implicit memory?
Still displays priming effects
According to Spearman's theory, what does the 'g' represent?
General intelligence that accounts for overall differences in intellect
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between fluid and crystallized intelligence, according to Cattell and Horn's theory?
Fluid intelligence is the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems, and it contributes to the development of crystallized intelligence over time
Which of the following is NOT one of the types of intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?
Practical intelligence
According to Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory, which of the following is NOT one of the three types of intelligence he proposed?
Emotional intelligence
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the biological bases of intelligence?
Working memory is closely related to intelligence
Which of the following is a weakness of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, according to the text?
Practical intelligence is not independent of general intelligence (g)
What is the normal distribution of intelligence scores referred to as?
Gaussian Curve
What percentage of the population with intellectual disabilities falls into the mild category?
80%
Which of the following is NOT a cause of intellectual disability mentioned in the text?
Traumatic brain injury
What is the IQ score range for individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities?
35-49
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing intellectual disability?
Presence of a specific genetic disorder
What is the educational level achieved by individuals with severe intellectual disabilities?
Elementary hygiene
What is the main concept described as 'encoding specificity'?
The ability to remember something better when the conditions during retrieval match those during encoding.
Which of the following is NOT an example of state-dependent learning?
Recognizing a person better when they are wearing the same clothes as before.
What is the role of long-term potentiation (LTP) in memory?
It is the gradual strengthening of neural connections due to repetitive stimulation, which plays a key role in learning.
What is the main difference between retrograde and anterograde amnesia?
Retrograde amnesia affects past memories, while anterograde amnesia affects the ability to form new memories.
What is the significance of the case study of Henry Gustav Molaison (Patient H.M.)?
It was a landmark case study that contributed to our understanding of the role of the hippocampus in memory formation.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Memories are stored in specific, localized regions of the brain called engrams.
Learn about maintenance and elaborative rehearsal techniques to improve information retention in short-term memory. Explore the levels of processing model and the differences between visual, phonological, and semantic rehearsal strategies.
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