18 Questions
What is the main driving force of evolution according to Darwin and Wallace?
Natural selection
How does natural selection operate?
By differential success of individuals with heritable traits
What can natural selection lead to over many generations?
Speciation
Why is it mentioned that natural selection does not involve conscious decision-making?
To contrast it with artificial selection
Which of the following is NOT one of the key components of natural selection?
Genetic Drift
What is the role of variation in natural selection?
To increase chances of survival for some individuals
What is the primary function of selective pressures in an environment?
To make organisms better adapted
In which type of natural selection are individuals with extreme phenotypes at both ends of a trait distribution favored?
Disruptive Selection
What happens to the frequency of a favored trait in directional selection?
Shifts in one direction over time
What is the outcome of stabilizing selection on a population?
Population becomes more homogeneous in terms of a trait
What is the main idea behind incremental change as discussed in the text?
To outcompete neighbors through appearance
How is hereditary information transferred according to Pangenesis theory?
Through 'pangenes' or 'gemmules' from reproductive organs to various parts of the body
What did many biologists at the time reject as the mechanism for evolutionary change?
Pangenesis
What did Gregor Mendel discover about traits through his plant breeding experiments?
Traits can be dominant or recessive
How did Mendel account for the appearance and disappearance of traits in his experiments?
By hypothesizing the existence of genes
What concept combines Darwin's Natural Selection with Mendel's Genes?
The Modern Synthesis
How is evolution by natural selection conceptualized in terms of changes in a population?
Changes in allele frequencies
'Tinbergen’s Hypothesis' addresses which adaptation related to black-headed gulls and their nesting behavior?
Egg-shell removal by crows
Explore the concept of function in relation to structure, with examples like the long neck of giraffes. Learn about how structures evolve over time to better suit their functions, as explained by the mechanism of natural selection by Darwin and Wallace.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
