Filipino Literature During the Japanese Occupation

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18 Questions

What were the common themes of most poems during the Japanese occupation?

Nationalism, country, love, life in the barrios

Which type of poem had lines divided into 5, 7, and 5 syllables?

Haiku

What was the distinguishing feature of a Tanaga poem?

It had measure and rhyme

Why did Filipino drama experience a lull during the Japanese period?

Movie houses showing American films were closed

Which type of poem is considered allegorical in meaning and covers a wide scope in meaning?

Haiku

What is the Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form) of poetry like?

It is the usual and common form of poetry

Which type of poetic vehicle is celebrated during the death of a person?

Karagatan

What poetic joust replaced the Karagatan?

Duplo

Which contest of skills in debate on a particular topic replaced the Duplo?

Balagtasan

What is the poetic joust held to honor Francisco 'Balagtas' Baltazar?

Balagtasan

What type of poetry is characterized by a chant in free verse by a bereaved person beside the corpse of the dead?

Dung-aw

Which narrative poetry refers to chanting and is usually fabricated stories from writers' imagination?

Awit and Corrido

Which book written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose is the second book printed in the Philippines?

Our Lady of the Rosary

Who is known as the 'Father of classic prose Tagalog'?

Modesto de Castro

Which book is a Biblical story translated to Tagalog from Greek by Fr. Antonio de Borja?

Ang Barlaan at Josephat

Which book influenced greatly the behavior of people in society due to its focus on good behavior?

Urbana at Felisa

Who wrote 'Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria,' a collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary?

Fr. Mariano Sevilla

Which book is about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ and had four versions in Filipino?

The Pasion

Study Notes

Filipino Literature during the Japanese Occupation

  • Common themes in poems during this period include nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
  • Three types of poems emerged during this period:
    • Haiku: a poem of free verse with 17 syllables divided into three lines, allegorical in meaning, and short in scope.
    • Tanaga: a short poem with 17 syllables, rhyme, and allegorical meaning.
    • Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form): a common form of poetry, similar to those mentioned in earlier chapters.

Filipino Drama during the Japanese Period

  • The drama experienced a lull during this period due to the closure of movie houses showing American films.
  • Movie houses were converted to stage shows.
  • Karagatan: a poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature celebrated during the death of a person.
  • Duplo: a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning, replaced Karagatan.
  • Balagtasan: a poetic joust or contest of skills in debate on a particular topic or issue, replaced Duplo.
  • Dung-aw: a chant in free verse by a bereaved person beside the corpse of the dead.
  • Awit and Corrido: narrative poetry forms, with Awit referring to chanting and Corrido referring to narration.

The Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898)

  • Started with the execution of the GOMBURZA (Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, Jacinto Zamora) on February 17, 1872, at Bagumbayan.
  • The Propaganda Movement aimed to achieve equal treatment for Filipinos and Spaniards under the law.

Early Literary Works

  • Nuestra Señora del Rosario: the second book printed in the Philippines, written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose in 1602.
  • Libro de los Cuatro Postprimeras de Hombre: the first book printed in typography.
  • Ang Barlaan at Josephat: a Biblical story translated to Tagalog from Greek, believed to be the first Tagalog novel published in the Philippines.
  • The Pasion: a book about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ, with four versions in Filipino.
  • Urbana at Felisa: a book by Modesto de Castro, influencing the behavior of people in society.
  • Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary): a collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary, written by Fr. Mariano Sevilla in 1865.

Literary Compositions

  • Artes y reglas de la lengua tagala (Arts and rules of the Tagalog language): written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose and translated into Tagalog by Tomas Pinpin in 1610.
  • Comprendio de la lengua tagala (Understanding the Tagalog language): written by Fr. Gaspar de San Agustin in 1703.

Explore the topics and themes of Filipino literature during the Japanese occupation, focusing on poetry, drama, and short stories. Discover the common themes found in poems from this period, such as nationalism, love, and life in the provinces.

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