46 Questions
What are the primary joints of the pelvis?
Sacro-iliac joints and pubic symphysis
Which bones compose the pelvis?
Ilium, ischium, pubis, sacrum, coccyx
What forms the sacrum?
Fusion of the 5 sacral vertebrae
What forms the coccyx?
Fusion of the 4 coccygeal vertebrae
How many hip bones make up the pelvis?
Two innominate (hip) bone that form from 3 bones: ilium, ischium and pubis
What is the function of the pubic symphysis?
It transfers weight from the axial skeleton to the ilia via ligaments to the femurs during standing
What is the composition of the ischial tuberosities?
They are weight-bearing structures during sitting
Which structures define the lesser and greater pelvis spaces?
Structures/landmarks
What are the boundaries of the lesser and greater pelvis?
Structures/landmarks
Which structures compose the pelvic wall and floor?
Muscles
What are the main vessels plus nerves intrinsic to the pelvis?
Innervation (somatic and autonomic)
How is weight transferred during sitting in the pelvis?
To the ischial tuberosities
What forms the bony edge defining the pelvic inlet?
Promontory and ala of sacrum
Which muscle rotates the thigh laterally and abducts the thigh?
Piriformis
What is the function of the pelvic diaphragm?
To support the pelvic viscera
What defines the perineal body?
The convergence of several sphincter and perineal pouch muscles
What artery is the main artery in the pelvis?
Internal iliac artery
What ligament is posterior to the sacrospinous ligament?
Sacrotuberous ligament
What defines the pelvic outlet?
Pubic arch anteriorly, ischial tuberosities laterally, coccyx posteriorly
What is the space bounded by the bony, ligamentous, and muscular pelvic walls and floor?
Pelvic cavity
What muscle forms the lateral pelvic walls?
Right and left hip bones
What forms the bony edge defining the pelvic outlet?
Pubic arch, ischial tuberosities, coccyx
What is the function of the obturator internus muscle?
Rotates the thigh laterally
What is the shape of the pelvic inlet?
Heart-shaped
What structures form part of the pelvic inlet?
Sacral promontory, margin of the sacrum
What is the impact of uneven weight distribution on the pelvis?
Blowout fracture
Which articulation is involved in weight transfer through the pelvis?
Sacroiliac joint
What defines the pelvic inlet/pelvic brim?
Start of the true pelvis
Where is the obturator foramen located?
Between ilium, ECM, and pubis
What is the function of the pelvic articulation for weight transfer?
Facilitates weight transfer
Which structure is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis, and attaches to the femur?
Acetabulum
At what age is the fusion of bones in the pelvis generally completed?
30
Which structure bears most of the body weight when sitting down?
Ischial tuberosity
Which structure is important for administering an epidural block during childbirth?
Ischial spine
What is the main function of the ischial spine?
Attachment site for muscles and ligaments
Which structure is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, pubis, sacrum, and coccyx?
Hip bone
Which structures form the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
What is the main distinction between the true and false pelvis?
Presence of urogenital and reproductive structures
What influences the geometry of the pelvis, especially before puberty?
Hormone therapy
What is the significance of the greater and lesser sciatic foramen in the pelvis?
Important structures often covered by the obturator membrane
Which structures form the pelvic inlet?
Sacral promontory, wing of the sacrum, accurate line of the ilium, back to it line of the pubic bone, pubic crest, and symphysis
Which ligament stabilizes the joint between the sacrum and ilium?
Sacroiliac ligament
What forms the pelvic outlet?
Coccyx, sacral tuberous ligament, pubic arch, and part of the pubic symphysis
Which ligament stabilizes the joint between the sacrum and ischial spine?
Sacrospinous ligament
What is the function of the pelvic girdle's articulation?
Crucial for weight transfer and energy resistance
What divides the space into two foramina, through which structures can pass?
Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
Study Notes
Anatomy of Pelvic Inlet and Outlet
- The red line is the accurate line, the bony boundary of the ilium.
- The blue line is the back to it line, associated with the superior ramus of the pubic bone.
- The pelvic inlet is formed by the sacral promontory, wing of the sacrum, accurate line of the ilium, back to it line of the pubic bone, and the pubic crest and symphysis.
- The pelvic outlet is formed by the coccyx, sacral tuberous ligament, pubic arch, and part of the pubic symphysis.
- The pelvic girdle's articulation is crucial for weight transfer and energy resistance.
- Three important ligaments are sacroiliac, sacrospinous, and sacrotuberous, stabilizing the pelvic girdle.
- The sacroiliac ligament stabilizes the joint between the sacrum and ilium.
- The sacrospinous ligament stabilizes the joint between the sacrum and ischial spine.
- The sacrotuberous ligament stabilizes the joint between the sacrum and ischial tuberosity.
- The sacroiliac, sacrospinous, and sacrotuberous ligaments ensure pelvic girdle stability.
- The sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments divide the space into two foramina, through which structures can pass.
- The foramina are openings through which different structures can pass.
Test your knowledge of the anatomy of the pelvic region with this quiz. Explore the structures, bones, muscles, and landmarks that define the pelvis and its spaces. Assess your understanding of the pelvic floor and key vesicles.
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