Questions and Answers
What type of learning involves changing behavior and voluntary choices in response to consequences?
Operant conditioning
Which part of the brain is responsible for memory and transfers short-term memory to long-term memory?
Hippocampus
What type of memory involves remembering specific events?
Episodic memory
Which type of learning is based on acquiring new behaviors and information through observation and information rather than direct experience?
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What is essential for encoding to happen?
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Which type of memory has limited capacity and only lasts 20-30 seconds?
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What is the function of the central executive control system in the working memory theory?
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Which component of working memory theory is responsible for retrieving information from long-term memory?
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What is the function of the sensory memory?
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Which type of memory is compared to a hard drive and has unlimited capacity to remember?
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What is the main function of the phonological loop in the working memory theory?
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What is the function of the episodic buffer in working memory theory?
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Which factor affects retrieval the most?
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What is the primary cause of retrograde amnesia?
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Which type of motor development involves control of trunk before control of extremities?
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What is the primary focus of Erik Erickson's stage of initiative vs. guilt?
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Which type of memory disorder is a combination of anterograde and retrograde amnesia?
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What is the primary cause of ineffective encoding according to the text?
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Which type of development is marked by major disruptive changes?
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What is the primary effect of new information on old according to the text?
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Which stage of cognitive development involves trust vs. mistrust?
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What is the primary implication for maximizing encoding capacity according to the text?
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Which type of motor skills involves large muscle groups?
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What is the primary implication for facilitating recall according to the text?
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Which attachment style is identified by Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure?
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What is an innate aspect of personality that includes easy, difficult, slow/cautious, and combinations?
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Which stage of Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development involves abstract thinking and understanding of hypotheticals?
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What percentage of new mothers is affected by postpartum depression?
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What does adolescence, according to Erikson's cognitive development, struggle with?
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What can affect emotional development in children and impact their ability to achieve goals?
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What reflects parenting styles and influences future relationships?
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What is crucial for healthcare providers to support children's development and educate parents?
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What does children's understanding of illness evolve through?
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What negatively impacts infants and children, causing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems?
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What varies across cultures, with Japan having little avoidant attachment instances and Germany having many?
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What includes guilt, excess conflict, and inferiority as factors affecting emotional development in children?
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What is the impact of cancer on internal organs according to physiological understanding?
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What can result in psychophysiological illness?
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What are some effects of chronic illness and disability on individuals?
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What issues do healthcare professionals need to consider regarding adolescents' conflicting priorities?
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What influences sexual behaviors in adolescence?
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What is associated with the rise in severe depression among adolescents?
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What does human development in adulthood involve?
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What characterizes adulthood?
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What does elder abuse encompass?
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What can lead to decreased health and mental well-being, often affecting women?
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What influences risk perception and decision-making?
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What is risk perception influenced by?
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What is an example of a public health strategy mentioned in the text?
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Which statistics are important for communicating risk to people, according to the text?
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What is the main focus of the CAGE assessment tool?
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What is the primary implication for treatment of alcohol use disorder, according to the text?
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What does the AUDIT-C tool primarily assess?
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What is a negative consequence of alcohol use disorder mentioned in the text?
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What role does conformity and obedience play in behavior, as mentioned in the text?
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What is embedded in learning theory for alcohol use disorder, according to the text?
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What is involved in the assessment for alcohol use disorder, according to the text?
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What may prevention and treatment for alcohol use disorder involve, according to the text?
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What is the main focus of the treatment for alcohol use disorder, according to the text?
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What is used to assess dependence in alcohol use disorder, according to the text?
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Study Notes
Adolescent Development and Mental Health, Adulthood, and Risk Perception
- Physiological understanding of illness includes the impact of different illnesses on internal organs, such as cancer being the result of rapid cell growth
- Psychophysiological illness can result from a combination of physiological and psychological causes, with social development and parenting styles playing significant roles
- Chronic illness and disability can have physical, emotional, social, educational, and vocational effects on individuals
- Healthcare professionals need to consider adolescents' conflicting priorities and meet them halfway, addressing issues such as adherence to treatment, sexual behaviors, and mental health
- Sexual behaviors in adolescence are influenced by partners, social expectations, and societal perceptions of men and women
- Mental health issues in adolescence, particularly severe depression, are on the rise and are associated with various risk factors and protective factors
- Human development in adulthood involves patterns of behavior and psychological states, with specific stages of development, such as intimacy vs. isolation and generativity vs. stagnation
- Adulthood is characterized by the ability to care for others and develop empathy, while successful aging involves utilizing inner resources to transform negative situations into positive ones
- Elder abuse encompasses financial, material, physical, sexual, and psychological aspects, and healthcare professionals must report it
- Caregiver burnout, often affecting women, can lead to decreased health and mental well-being, and is influenced by factors such as depression, social isolation, and stress
- Risk perception involves subjective assessments of the probability of an event happening and concerns about the consequences, influenced by cognitive biases and heuristics
- Cognitive biases, including availability heuristic, representativeness heuristic, and omission bias, can influence risk perception and decision-making.
Communication of Risk and Behavioral Implications
- Unrealistic optimism bias leads individuals to underestimate their personal risk compared to others.
- Public health strategies, such as posters with acronyms like FAST for stroke assessment, have led to decreased mortality rates for stroke by increasing risk awareness.
- Accurate communication of risk to patients involves using precise numbers, visual aids, and expressing encouragement and hope.
- Relative risk, number needed to treat, and absolute risk reduction are important statistics for communicating risk to people.
- Conformity and obedience play a role in behavior, as seen in Milgram's experiment and the bystander effect.
- Alcohol Use Disorder criteria include recurrent use in hazardous situations, continued use despite problems, tolerance, withdrawal, and craving.
- Alcohol Use Disorder is embedded in learning theory, with genetics and environmental factors contributing to dependence.
- Negative consequences of alcohol use disorder include physical and mental health problems, financial issues, and violent behavior.
- Assessment for alcohol use disorder involves evaluating physical and psychiatric conditions, unit consumption, withdrawal symptoms, and daily drinking patterns.
- Prevention and treatment for alcohol use disorder may involve support groups, depending on the patient's history and severity of dependence.
- The CAGE assessment tool is used to assess dependence, while the AUDIT-C tool assesses abuse, bingeing, frequency, and amount of alcohol consumption.
- Treatment for alcohol use disorder is based on the patient's readiness to change behavior and may involve brief structured advice.
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Description
Test your knowledge on adolescent development, mental health, adulthood, and risk perception with this comprehensive quiz. Explore topics such as physiological and psychophysiological illness, sexual behaviors in adolescence, stages of adult development, elder abuse, risk perception, communication of risk, and behavioral implications. Dive into the assessment and treatment of alcohol use disorder.
