Earth and Life Science

Are natural substances consisting of aggregate minerals clumped together with Earth materials glued by natural processes on Earth.

What does "Ignis" stands for?

Are formed through crystalization.

Is a type of rock that lacks beds, lack of fossils, and lack of grounded grains.

This type of rock lacks Foliation

Basalt

Peridotite

Rhyolite

Are rocks that crytallize below the Earth's surface resulting in large crytals as the cooling takes place slowly.

Are formed from magma that cools at the surface.

Are rocks that formed from magma that cools when trapped beneath.

Diorite

Pegmatite

Are rocks that erupts onto the surface resulting in small crystals as the cooling takes place quickly. The cooling rate for a few rocks is so quick that they form an amorphous glass.

Tuff

What is the meaning of "sediment"?

Are rocks that formed from different material deposits on Earth Surface.

Are compacted and cemented with sediments such as sand,slit,clay, or other bits of rocks.

Has distinct layering/bedding on the surface

What do you call the process of pressing down and squeezing the weights of sediments of layers into smaller spaces?

The process in which particles are being glued together.

These are the only type of rock that records the past.

These types of rocks are the only type that preserves fossils.

Shale

Siltstone

Flint

Limestone

Conglomerate

Carbon

What does "Meta" stands for?

What does "morph" means?

A type of rock that form from igneous or sedimentary rocks that were exposed to high pressure, high temperature or combination of both deep, deep below the surface of the Earth.

Forms from metamorphism or Isochemical

An original rock that has undergone through metamorphism

These are foliated & non-foliated types of rocks

These are rocks that are affected by heat and pressure that change rocks into different types.

Phyllite

Slate

Novaculite

Marlbe

These rocks sometimes look like they have stripes.

Are rocks formed under high temperature and high pressure.

Are those in which the minerals have been flattened and pushed down into parallel layers.

Are rocks that are formed under high temperature, and low pressure.

They are massive structures with no obvious banding

A type of rock that do not display layers

Naturally occurring inorganic solids withcrystalline structure and chemicalcomposition which may be fixed or vary within certain limits.

Are formed by geologic processes.

•Naturally occurring substance •Inorganic substance •Solid •Orderly internal structure. •Definite or fixed chemical composition.

Used materials for buildings and other structures require the application of geologic principles and go through various processes before they can be used as materials.

• Hard, ductile, malleable pure substances that are melted to obtain new products. • Possess metallic luster, contain metals in their composition, and are potential source of the metal that can be obtained through mining

• Minerals that contains iron. • E.g. iron, ore, manganese, and chromite

• Minerals that do not contain iron. • E.g. gold, silver, copper, and lead

• Resources do not have the properties of metallic minerals and thus can be easily disintegrated or broken into pieces. • E.g. clay, salt, graphite and marble.

• Rocks are composed of minerals, but minerals are not said to be composed of rocks.

• Minerals make rocks. Rocks can be made of just one mineral, such as quartzite, or a group of different minerals, such as granite.

• Rocks are different from minerals, but both are solids and can be found in the earth's crust.

Physical Property of Minerals: • most evident characteristic and the first property used to identify minerals. • It is the result of the way minerals absorbs light. •is considered the least reliable means of identifying minerals.

Physical Property of Minerals: • The color of the mineral in powder form. • In cases when the color of the mineral appears different because of trace particles inside it, scientist would pulverize it to get its true color.

Physical Property Of Minerals: • The measure of the mineral’s resistance to scratching . • The harder the mineral, the less prone to scratches.

E.g. teeth made of calcite, is more prone to abrasion

compared to stones made of.

• Used to describe how minerals break into pieces. • when a mineral break along a flat, smooth surface. • when a mineral break along an irregular surface.

• Periodic array of an atom • Unique arrangement in a crystal. • A hand lens is a necessary tool in checking for crystalline structure.

Minerals that do not have crystalline structure. • Lenses with high magnification are needed to validate this.

• Minerals ability to hold its particles together or the mineral’s level of resistance stress such as bending, bending, breaking, crushing, or tearing. • Indicates if mineral is brittle, malleable, sectile, elastic, etc.

• Shows how much light is reflected in a mineral. • This depends on the brilliance of light used to observed the surface of the minerals.

Where the mineral is opaque and behaves like metal when reflecting light.

Where the mineral is opaque, dull and dark colored.

Where the minerals does not reflect like metal.

Where the minerals look like a paraffin.

Where the minerals look like a broken glass

• A distinct smell of a mineral that is usually released from a chemical reaction manifested when mineral is subjeted to water, heat, air, or friction.

It is a naturally occurring and inorganic substance with an orderly internal structure and chemical composition.

It is natural substance consisting of aggregate minerals.

It is a property of minerals which shows how much light is reflected on it.

It is the ability of mineral to hold its particles together.

It refers to how minerals break along a flat, smooth surface.

It refers to how minerals break along an irregular surface.

It is the result of the way minerals absorbs light.

It refers to the color of the mineral in powder form.

It is a type of metallic minerals resources in which minerals contains iron.

It is a type of metallic mineral resources in which minerals do not contain iron.