List the spinal level and brainstem level primitive reflexes. Explain any two brain stem level reflexes.
Understand the Problem
The question refers to a series of medical and physiological questions, including conditions related to ataxia, heart defects, and reflex assessments. It is likely asking for explanations or definitions related to these medical topics.
Answer
Spinal: Flexor withdrawal, Extensor thrust. Brainstem: Moro, Tonic labyrinthine.
Spinal level reflexes include the flexor withdrawal and extensor thrust. Brainstem level reflexes include the Moro reflex and tonic labyrinthine reflex. The Moro reflex is a startle response, and the tonic labyrinthine reflex helps with head righting based on head position.
Answer for screen readers
Spinal level reflexes include the flexor withdrawal and extensor thrust. Brainstem level reflexes include the Moro reflex and tonic labyrinthine reflex. The Moro reflex is a startle response, and the tonic labyrinthine reflex helps with head righting based on head position.
More Information
The Moro reflex typically appears in newborns and rapidly integrates in response to sudden stimuli. The tonic labyrinthine reflex supports postural tone and head righting against gravity.
Tips
Confusing brainstem with spinal reflexes is common. Remember that brainstem reflexes are more about posture and equilibrium.
Sources
- Primitive Reflexes - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Primitive Reflexes - Physiopedia - physio-pedia.com
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