1. What is the name of John Dalton’s theory? 2. What are elements made of? 3. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of carbon are _________________? 4. What are compounds made of? 5. The... 1. What is the name of John Dalton’s theory? 2. What are elements made of? 3. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of carbon are _________________? 4. What are compounds made of? 5. The ratio of atoms in HCl is: a) 1:3 b) 2:1 c) 1:1 6. What did J.J. Thompson discover? 7. What is the charge of an electron? 8. What are cathode rays made of? 9. Why do electrons move from the negative end of the tube to the positive end? 10. What was Thompson working with when he discovered the cathode rays? 11. If the plum pudding model was a correct depiction of the structure of atom, what would have Rutherford found when he performed the Gold Foil experiment? 12. What is the charge of an alpha particle? 13. Why is Rutherford’s experiment called the gold foil experiment? 14. How did he know that an atom was mostly empty space? 15. What happened to the alpha particles as they hit the gold foil? 16. How did he know that the nucleus was positively charged? 17. Why could Bohr’s model be called a planetary model of the atom? 18. How do electrons in the same atom differ? 19. How many electrons can the fourth energy level hold? 20. Would an electron have to absorb or release energy to jump from the second energy level to the third energy level? 21. For an electron to fall from the third energy level to the second energy level, it must release energy.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking for information related to atomic theory and the models proposed by various scientists, including John Dalton, J.J. Thompson, Ernest Rutherford, and Niels Bohr. It includes questions about the nature of atoms, the composition of elements and compounds, and the historical context of atomic theory. Users are expected to have knowledge in chemistry, particularly concerning atomic structure and historical developments in the field.
Answer
1. Atomic Theory 2. Atoms 3. Different atoms 4. Two or more atoms 5. 1:1 6. Electron 7. Negative 8. Electrons 9. Attraction 10. Cathode ray tubes 11. No deflection 12. Positive 13. Used gold foil 14. Particles passed through 15. Mostly undeflected 16. Repelled alpha particles 17. Electron orbits 18. Energy levels 19. 32 electrons 20. Absorb energy 21. Release energy
- The name of John Dalton’s theory is the Atomic Theory. 2. Elements are made of atoms. 3. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of carbon are different atoms. 4. Compounds are made of two or more atoms. 5. The ratio of atoms in HCl is 1:1. 6. J.J. Thompson discovered the electron. 7. The charge of an electron is negative. 8. Cathode rays are made of electrons. 9. Electrons move from the negative end of the tube to the positive end due to attraction between opposite charges. 10. J.J. Thompson was working with cathode ray tubes when he discovered cathode rays. 11. If the plum pudding model was correct, Rutherford would have found that alpha particles passed through the foil with no deflection. 12. The charge of an alpha particle is positive. 13. Rutherford’s experiment is called the gold foil experiment because he used gold foil. 14. He knew that an atom was mostly empty space because most alpha particles passed through the foil undeflected. 15. The alpha particles were mostly undeflected as they hit the gold foil, some were slightly deflected, and very few were deflected back. 16. Rutherford knew the nucleus was positively charged because it repelled positive alpha particles. 17. Bohr’s model can be called a planetary model of the atom because electrons orbit the nucleus similar to planets orbiting a star. 18. Electrons in the same atom differ in energy levels. 19. The fourth energy level can hold 32 electrons. 20. An electron has to absorb energy to jump from the second to the third energy level. 21. For an electron to fall from the third to the second energy level, it must release energy.
Answer for screen readers
- The name of John Dalton’s theory is the Atomic Theory. 2. Elements are made of atoms. 3. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of carbon are different atoms. 4. Compounds are made of two or more atoms. 5. The ratio of atoms in HCl is 1:1. 6. J.J. Thompson discovered the electron. 7. The charge of an electron is negative. 8. Cathode rays are made of electrons. 9. Electrons move from the negative end of the tube to the positive end due to attraction between opposite charges. 10. J.J. Thompson was working with cathode ray tubes when he discovered cathode rays. 11. If the plum pudding model was correct, Rutherford would have found that alpha particles passed through the foil with no deflection. 12. The charge of an alpha particle is positive. 13. Rutherford’s experiment is called the gold foil experiment because he used gold foil. 14. He knew that an atom was mostly empty space because most alpha particles passed through the foil undeflected. 15. The alpha particles were mostly undeflected as they hit the gold foil, some were slightly deflected, and very few were deflected back. 16. Rutherford knew the nucleus was positively charged because it repelled positive alpha particles. 17. Bohr’s model can be called a planetary model of the atom because electrons orbit the nucleus similar to planets orbiting a star. 18. Electrons in the same atom differ in energy levels. 19. The fourth energy level can hold 32 electrons. 20. An electron has to absorb energy to jump from the second to the third energy level. 21. For an electron to fall from the third to the second energy level, it must release energy.
More Information
Dalton's Atomic Theory revolutionized the way we understand matter by introducing the idea that all matter is composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible particles. J.J. Thompson's discovery of the electron showed that atoms have internal structure and are not indivisible.
Tips
Confusing the ratios in compounds or the roles of different atomic models can lead to incorrect interpretations. Remember that Dalton's theory emphasizes indivisible atoms, while later models show more complexity.
Sources
- Dalton's Atomic Theory - Postulates, Significance and Limitations - flexbooks.ck12.org
- Dalton's Atomic Theory (article) | Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
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