Wound Healing & Chronic Inflammation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of macrophages in the granulation tissue?

  • To phagocytose and secrete factors for wound healing (correct)
  • To form new blood vessels
  • To provide Nutrition to the wound site
  • To produce collagen for wound repair

    • What is the primary component of the provisional matrix that is remodeled during the remodelling phase?

  • Fibronectin
  • Type III collagen (correct)
  • Glycoproteins
  • Type I collagen

    • What is the primary mechanism of wound contraction during the remodelling phase?

  • Type I collagen contraction
  • Type III collagen contraction
  • Fibroblast contraction
  • Myofibroblast contraction (correct)

    • What is the primary function of endothelial cells in the granulation tissue?

    <p>To form new blood vessels for nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the granulation tissue that gives it its name?

    <p>Its appearance in skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the reduction in cell and capillary density during the remodelling phase?

    <p>Due to the action of proteases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?

    <p>The mechanism of wound closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the wound healing process?

    <p>To restore tissue integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether the wound healing process results in regeneration or repair?

    <p>Cell type and tissue architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of haemostasis in wound healing?

    <p>To activate the coagulation cascade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of wound healing is characterized by vessel rupture and bleeding?

    <p>Haemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between regeneration and repair in wound healing?

    <p>Regeneration involves the restoration of tissue to normal, while repair involves the replacement of lost tissue with fibrous scar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does wound healing impose a huge financial burden on healthcare systems?

    <p>Because wound healing is a complex and lengthy process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between labile, stable, and permanent cells in wound healing?

    <p>Their frequency of cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of neutrophils during the inflammation process?

    <p>Phagocytosis of bacteria and foreign material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is responsible for synthesizing matrix proteins during granulation tissue formation?

    <p>Fibroblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cytokines and growth factors released during the inflammation process?

    <p>To act as chemo-attractants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of platelets in the inflammatory response?

    <p>Forming a thrombus at the site of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of macrophages during the inflammation process?

    <p>Phagocytosing remaining debris and secreting cytokines and growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and histamine during the inflammation process?

    <p>Inducing vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of granulation tissue?

    <p>Replacing damaged tissue with new tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines how quickly a wound heals?

    <p>Nutritional status of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the healing process between oral and skin wounds?

    <p>Oral wounds have faster epithelial cell migration and proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of chronic wounds?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of osteoclasts in wound healing?

    <p>Bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in wound healing?

    <p>To increase oxygen delivery to the wound site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the abnormal formation of scar tissue?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between oral and skin wound healing in terms of the immune response?

    <p>Oral wounds have a more rapid and quickly resolved immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maggot therapy in wound healing?

    <p>To debride the wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of recombinant growth factors in wound healing?

    <p>To enhance cell migration and proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where wounds become stuck in the inflammatory phase?

    <p>Chronic wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the wound healing process?

    <p>To restore tissue integrity and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether the wound healing process results in regeneration or repair?

    <p>Cell type and tissue architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of wound healing does vessel rupture and bleeding occur?

    <p>Haemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the healing process between oral and skin wounds?

    <p>Oral wounds heal faster and with less scarring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?

    <p>Primary intention involves suturing, secondary intention involves granulation tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that contributes to the huge financial burden of wound healing on healthcare systems?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of haemostasis in wound healing?

    <p>To stop bleeding and promote coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of platelets in wound healing?

    <p>To form a clot and trap themselves within</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells is short-lived and removes bacteria and foreign material during the inflammation process?

    <p>Neutrophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cytokines and growth factors released during the inflammation process?

    <p>To act as chemoattractants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibroblasts during the granulation tissue formation?

    <p>To synthesize matrix proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of keratinocytes in wound healing?

    <p>To proliferate and migrate over the wound bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of granulation tissue?

    <p>Its appearance in skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and histamine during the inflammation process?

    <p>To cause vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of type I collagen in wound healing?

    <p>To provide strength to the wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells is responsible for phagocytosis of remaining debris during the granulation tissue formation?

    <p>Macrophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of thrombus formation during the wound healing process?

    <p>To form a clot and stop bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?

    <p>Wound edge apposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for remodelling in wound healing?

    <p>Proteases, such as collagenases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take for a wound to reach 70-80% of its original strength?

    <p>2-3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for the cross-linking of collagen I?

    <p>Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the formation of hypertrophic scars?

    <p>Excessive collagen synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of osteoclasts in tooth socket healing?

    <p>Bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of irradiation on wound healing?

    <p>It impairs wound healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between oral and skin wound healing?

    <p>Oral wounds heal faster than skin wounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of maggot therapy in wound healing?

    <p>To debride necrotic tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of wound healing on the skin architecture?

    <p>Macroscopic disturbance of the normal skin architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that contributes to the formation of chronic wounds?

    <p>Accumulation of pro-inflammatory signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of recombinant growth factors in wound healing?

    <p>To stimulate angiogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the provisional matrix in wound healing?

    <p>To provide a scaffold for tissue regeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of poor blood supply on wound healing?

    <p>It impairs wound healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone formation?

    <p>Synthesise the organic matrix of bone and control its mineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the canal in cortical bone that contains osteocytes and blood vessels?

    <p>Haversian canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is likely to be the main mechano-sensitive cell in bone?

    <p>Osteocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of osteoblasts finishing their bone formation process?

    <p>They differentiate into osteocytes or bone lining cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodelling?

    <p>Responsible for bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bone structure that is composed of bone cells, bone marrow, and erythrocytes?

    <p>Cortical bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bone lining cells?

    <p>Detect changes in loading environment and expose bone surface for resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of fluctuations in serum calcium on bone homeostasis?

    <p>It impacts bone homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the primary ossification centre?

    <p>Differentiation of perichondrial cells into osteoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chondrocytes in endochondral ossification?

    <p>To secrete cartilaginous matrix and proliferate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of longitudinal bone growth?

    <p>Growth plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone tissue is optimized to provide the greatest amount of support for minimum mass?

    <p>Trabecular bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of trabecular bone tissue?

    <p>To facilitate calcium exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that forms in the epiphyses?

    <p>Secondary ossification centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region of the bone where chondrocytes are arranged in columns?

    <p>Growth plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of compact bone tissue?

    <p>It is the main weight-bearing structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone formation occurs in long bones?

    <p>Endochondral ossification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of osteoblasts in bone development?

    <p>Bone formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone is the femur?

    <p>Long bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which bones grow in size?

    <p>Appositional growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of osteoclasts in bone development?

    <p>Bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the RANK/RANK ligand system in skeletal homeostasis?

    <p>Regulation of osteoclast activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone is the skull?

    <p>Flat bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the formation of bone tissue from mesenchymal cells?

    <p>Intramembranous ossification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodelling?

    <p>Breaking down mineral components of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Cl-/HCO3– exchanger in osteoclasts?

    <p>Regulating pH levels in the sealed zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of aberrant bone remodelling?

    <p>Skeletal pathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cathepsin K in osteoclasts?

    <p>Digesting collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dynamic process of bone resorption and formation?

    <p>Bone remodelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone remodelling?

    <p>Forming new bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of osteoclast activity in the bone?

    <p>Breakdown of bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of disruptions in alveolar bone remodelling?

    <p>Skeletal pathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts?

    <p>To resorb bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RANKL in osteoclast formation?

    <p>To bind to RANK on osteoclast precursors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of OPG in the RANKL-RANK axis?

    <p>To act as a soluble decoy receptor for RANKL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary regulator of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption?

    <p>Low serum calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cell surface receptor for RANKL on osteoclast precursors?

    <p>RANK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of M-CSF in osteoclast formation?

    <p>To promote osteoclast precursor proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of osteoclasts?

    <p>Osteoblast precursors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of PTH in regulating osteoclast formation?

    <p>To act indirectly through osteoblasts to stimulate osteoclast formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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