102 Questions
What is the primary function of macrophages in the granulation tissue?
To phagocytose and secrete factors for wound healing
What is the primary component of the provisional matrix that is remodeled during the remodelling phase?
Type III collagen
What is the primary mechanism of wound contraction during the remodelling phase?
Myofibroblast contraction
What is the primary function of endothelial cells in the granulation tissue?
To form new blood vessels for nutrition
What is the characteristic of the granulation tissue that gives it its name?
Its appearance in skin
What is the primary reason for the reduction in cell and capillary density during the remodelling phase?
Due to the action of proteases
What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?
The mechanism of wound closure
What is the primary goal of the wound healing process?
To restore tissue integrity
What determines whether the wound healing process results in regeneration or repair?
Cell type and tissue architecture
What is the primary function of haemostasis in wound healing?
To activate the coagulation cascade
Which phase of wound healing is characterized by vessel rupture and bleeding?
Haemostasis
What is the difference between regeneration and repair in wound healing?
Regeneration involves the restoration of tissue to normal, while repair involves the replacement of lost tissue with fibrous scar
Why does wound healing impose a huge financial burden on healthcare systems?
Because wound healing is a complex and lengthy process
What is the primary difference between labile, stable, and permanent cells in wound healing?
Their frequency of cell division
What is the primary function of neutrophils during the inflammation process?
Phagocytosis of bacteria and foreign material
Which cell type is responsible for synthesizing matrix proteins during granulation tissue formation?
Fibroblast
What is the role of cytokines and growth factors released during the inflammation process?
To act as chemo-attractants
What is the primary function of platelets in the inflammatory response?
Forming a thrombus at the site of injury
What is the role of macrophages during the inflammation process?
Phagocytosing remaining debris and secreting cytokines and growth factors
What is the primary function of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and histamine during the inflammation process?
Inducing vasodilation
What is the primary function of granulation tissue?
Replacing damaged tissue with new tissue
What is the primary factor that determines how quickly a wound heals?
Nutritional status of the patient
What is the main difference in the healing process between oral and skin wounds?
Oral wounds have faster epithelial cell migration and proliferation
What is a common complication of chronic wounds?
All of the above
What is the role of osteoclasts in wound healing?
Bone resorption
What is the primary function of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in wound healing?
To increase oxygen delivery to the wound site
What is the term for the abnormal formation of scar tissue?
All of the above
What is the main difference between oral and skin wound healing in terms of the immune response?
Oral wounds have a more rapid and quickly resolved immune response
What is the purpose of maggot therapy in wound healing?
To debride the wound
What is the primary function of recombinant growth factors in wound healing?
To enhance cell migration and proliferation
What is the term for the condition where wounds become stuck in the inflammatory phase?
Chronic wound
What is the primary goal of the wound healing process?
To restore tissue integrity and function
What determines whether the wound healing process results in regeneration or repair?
Cell type and tissue architecture
During which phase of wound healing does vessel rupture and bleeding occur?
Haemostasis
What is the main difference in the healing process between oral and skin wounds?
Oral wounds heal faster and with less scarring
What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?
Primary intention involves suturing, secondary intention involves granulation tissue
What is the main factor that contributes to the huge financial burden of wound healing on healthcare systems?
All of the above
What is the primary function of haemostasis in wound healing?
To stop bleeding and promote coagulation
What is the primary function of platelets in wound healing?
To form a clot and trap themselves within
Which of the following cells is short-lived and removes bacteria and foreign material during the inflammation process?
Neutrophil
What is the role of cytokines and growth factors released during the inflammation process?
To act as chemoattractants
What is the primary function of fibroblasts during the granulation tissue formation?
To synthesize matrix proteins
What is the primary role of keratinocytes in wound healing?
To proliferate and migrate over the wound bed
What is the main characteristic of granulation tissue?
Its appearance in skin
What is the primary function of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and histamine during the inflammation process?
To cause vasodilation
What is the primary function of type I collagen in wound healing?
To provide strength to the wound
Which of the following cells is responsible for phagocytosis of remaining debris during the granulation tissue formation?
Macrophage
What is the primary function of thrombus formation during the wound healing process?
To form a clot and stop bleeding
What is the primary difference between primary and secondary intention in wound healing?
Wound edge apposition
What is necessary for remodelling in wound healing?
Proteases, such as collagenases
How long does it take for a wound to reach 70-80% of its original strength?
2-3 months
What is necessary for the cross-linking of collagen I?
Vitamin C
What is the primary reason for the formation of hypertrophic scars?
Excessive collagen synthesis
What is the primary role of osteoclasts in tooth socket healing?
Bone resorption
What is the effect of irradiation on wound healing?
It impairs wound healing
What is the primary difference between oral and skin wound healing?
Oral wounds heal faster than skin wounds
What is the primary function of maggot therapy in wound healing?
To debride necrotic tissue
What is the primary consequence of wound healing on the skin architecture?
Macroscopic disturbance of the normal skin architecture
What is the primary factor that contributes to the formation of chronic wounds?
Accumulation of pro-inflammatory signals
What is the primary function of recombinant growth factors in wound healing?
To stimulate angiogenesis
What is the primary role of the provisional matrix in wound healing?
To provide a scaffold for tissue regeneration
What is the primary effect of poor blood supply on wound healing?
It impairs wound healing
What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone formation?
Synthesise the organic matrix of bone and control its mineralization
What is the term for the canal in cortical bone that contains osteocytes and blood vessels?
Haversian canal
Which cell type is likely to be the main mechano-sensitive cell in bone?
Osteocytes
What is the result of osteoblasts finishing their bone formation process?
They differentiate into osteocytes or bone lining cells
What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodelling?
Responsible for bone resorption
What is the term for the bone structure that is composed of bone cells, bone marrow, and erythrocytes?
Cortical bone
What is the primary function of bone lining cells?
Detect changes in loading environment and expose bone surface for resorption
What is the result of fluctuations in serum calcium on bone homeostasis?
It impacts bone homeostasis
What is the primary function of the primary ossification centre?
Differentiation of perichondrial cells into osteoblasts
What is the role of chondrocytes in endochondral ossification?
To secrete cartilaginous matrix and proliferate
What is the site of longitudinal bone growth?
Growth plate
What type of bone tissue is optimized to provide the greatest amount of support for minimum mass?
Trabecular bone tissue
What is the function of trabecular bone tissue?
To facilitate calcium exchange
What is the structure that forms in the epiphyses?
Secondary ossification centre
What is the region of the bone where chondrocytes are arranged in columns?
Growth plate
What is the characteristic of compact bone tissue?
It is the main weight-bearing structure
What type of bone formation occurs in long bones?
Endochondral ossification
What is the main function of osteoblasts in bone development?
Bone formation
What type of bone is the femur?
Long bone
What is the term for the process by which bones grow in size?
Appositional growth
What is the function of osteoclasts in bone development?
Bone resorption
What is the role of the RANK/RANK ligand system in skeletal homeostasis?
Regulation of osteoclast activity
What type of bone is the skull?
Flat bone
What is the term for the formation of bone tissue from mesenchymal cells?
Intramembranous ossification
What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodelling?
Breaking down mineral components of bone
What is the role of the Cl-/HCO3– exchanger in osteoclasts?
Regulating pH levels in the sealed zone
What is the consequence of aberrant bone remodelling?
Skeletal pathology
What is the primary function of cathepsin K in osteoclasts?
Digesting collagen
What is the term for the dynamic process of bone resorption and formation?
Bone remodelling
What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone remodelling?
Forming new bone tissue
What is the result of osteoclast activity in the bone?
Breakdown of bone tissue
What is the primary consequence of disruptions in alveolar bone remodelling?
Skeletal pathology
What is the primary function of osteoclasts?
To resorb bone tissue
What is the role of RANKL in osteoclast formation?
To bind to RANK on osteoclast precursors
What is the function of OPG in the RANKL-RANK axis?
To act as a soluble decoy receptor for RANKL
What is the primary regulator of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption?
Low serum calcium levels
What is the cell surface receptor for RANKL on osteoclast precursors?
RANK
What is the primary function of M-CSF in osteoclast formation?
To promote osteoclast precursor proliferation
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of osteoclasts?
Osteoblast precursors
What is the primary function of PTH in regulating osteoclast formation?
To act indirectly through osteoblasts to stimulate osteoclast formation
This quiz covers the four phases of wound healing, including cell types and signals, primary and secondary intention, healing in bone and tooth sockets, and factors that delay wound healing. Learn about the importance of wound healing and why oral wounds heal faster and without scarring.
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