World History: South Africa's Imperialism and Apartheid

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary motivation behind European colonization of Africa during the period of imperialism?

Desire to spread democracy

Establishment of diplomatic relations

Cultural exchange and integration

Access to and exploitation of resources (correct)

Which leader was instrumental in exposing the atrocities committed by King Leopold II in the Congo?

Desmond Tutu

Patrice Lumumba

E.D. Morel (correct)

Steve Biko

Which event marked the formal division of Africa among European powers?

The Boer War

The Great Trek

The Berlin Conference (correct)

The Rwandan Civil War

What system describes an authority regulating the conduct of those under its control, often seen in colonial governance?

Paternalism Signup and view all the answers

Who was the South African martyr known for his activism against apartheid before his tragic death?

Steve Biko Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main outcomes of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission established after apartheid?

It aimed to provide closure to victims and allowed some perpetrators to be freed. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the Sepoy Rebellion in India?

Religious objections to the use of animal fat in cartridges. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Partition of India?

It resulted in massive population displacement and conflict over Kashmir. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the principle of Ahimsa in the context of Gandhi's philosophy?

Non-violence and respect for all living beings. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary function of the Rowlatt Acts in British India?

To allow police to arrest individuals without warrant. Signup and view all the answers

Which event directly led to a stronger desire for complete independence from British rule among Indians?

The Amritsar Massacre during a peaceful protest. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Indian caste system, what role does Dharma play?

It refers to the social duties associated with one's caste and faith. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key practice associated with Sikhism?

Wearing the turban and maintaining uncut hair. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines the concept of Imperialism?

The belief that one nation should dominate others for economic, political, or ideological reasons. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of Guru Granth Sahib in Sikhism?

It serves as a living guru and is consulted regularly by followers. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

World History

South Africa:
- Imperialism: European powers divided Africa for resources, leading to cultural separation
- Berlin Conference: European powers met to divide Africa
- Effects of Imperialism: Disappearance of culture, oppression
- Paternalism: Authority regulates the conduct of those under its control
- Mobutu: Congolese general, took power via coup d'état
- Leopold II: Belgian king, controlled Congo ruthlessly, considered himself a "philanthropist"
- E.D. Morel: Exposed Leopold II's atrocities regarding Congo, campaigned for reform
- Rwandan Civil War: Hutu's attacked Tutsis, leading to conflicts in Congo
- Steve Biko: Anti-apartheid activist, martyr for the cause
- Donald Woods: White journalist, shared Biko's story, banned
- Boer War: South Africa rebelled against the British, Gandhi involved
- Great Trek: Boers moved away from British rule for better conditions
- Apartheid: System of racial segregation and discrimination favored white people and oppressed colored people
- Desmond Tutu: Archbishop who fought against apartheid; Truth and Reconciliation Commission head
- F.W. de Klerk: Shared Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela for ending apartheid -Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Body to provide closure to victims of apartheid
- Effects of apartheid: Racial segregation and oppression
India:
- Sepoy Rebellion: Soldiers forced to bite animal fat-coated cartridges, defying their religious beliefs
- Partition of India: Country's division, leading to significant conflicts
- Kashmir: Dispute over ownership, resulting in major wars
- Amritsar Massacre: Brutal incident where British forces killed many protesters
- Mahatma Gandhi: Influential leader of the independence movement, used principles of ahimsa (non-violence)
- Muhammed Ali Jinnah: Muslim leader, advocated for a separate Muslim state
- Rowlatt Acts: Laws that stripped people of basic rights
- Ahimsa: Doctrine of non-violence, fundamental to Gandhi's philosophy
- Civil Disobedience: Activism against unfair laws, important in India's freedom movement
- Boycott: Withdrawal of support to gain justice
Sri Lanka:
- Civil War: Thousands of people were killed and displaced
- India peacekeeping corps: Intervened and sent troops to support peace efforts
- Jawaharlal Nehru: Key figure in India's independence movement and first prime minister
- Mohandas Gandhi: Key figure in India's independence movements, advocated for Non violence
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah: Muslim leader
- Jainism: Lifestyle with strict codes of conduct, particularly non-violence
- Indian Caste System: Ranking of people in society. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras.
- Buddha: Siddhartha Gautama. Buddhist philosopher
- Dharma: Duties within caste system and faith
- Hinduism Main Gods: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
- Sati: Widow throws herself on husband's funeral pyre
- Sikhism: Religious practices outlined for Sikhs
- Guru Granth Sahib: Holy Book of Sikhs
- Islam meaning and beliefs
- Purdah: Practice of keeping women hidden
- Imperialism and Motives:
  - Economic: Desire for resources, markets, cheap labor
  - Political: Power, influence, competition
  - Religious: Spread faith
  - Exploratory: Research, adventure
  - Ideological: Belief of racial superiority

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Description

Explore the significant historical events in South Africa, including the impact of imperialism, the Berlin Conference, and the apartheid system. This quiz covers key figures such as Steve Biko and Mobutu, along with important conflicts like the Rwandan Civil War. Test your knowledge on the effects of colonial rule and resistance movements in the region.