Urinary System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the combining form 'Ureter(o)' refer to in medical terminology?

  • Urethra
  • Ureter (correct)
  • Kidney
  • Bladder

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

  • Filtration of toxins and waste from the blood (correct)
  • Storage of urine before excretion
  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Production of hormones only

Which process is involved in the formation of urine?

  • Osmosis only
  • Cellular respiration
  • Glycolysis
  • Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and secretion (correct)

Which of the following medical terms indicates a lack of urine formation?

<p>Anuria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Urethr(o)' refer to in urology?

<p>Urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the balance of electrolytes in the body?

<p>Electrolyte regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the abnormal discharge from the urethra?

<p>Urethrorrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical term is associated with the urge to urinate?

<p>Urgency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

<p>Filtering nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream to form urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of red blood cell production?

<p>Erythropoietin (EPO) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term accurately describes the shape of the kidneys?

<p>Bean-shaped (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does calcifero play in the urinary system?

<p>It regulates calcium levels in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the process of urine formation?

<p>Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does the term 'Ureterostenosis' imply?

<p>Narrowing of a ureter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to an abnormal discharge from the urethra?

<p>Urethrorrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Uria' generally pertain to?

<p>Urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these terms indicates a total absence of urine formation?

<p>Anuria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Urethr(o)' signify in medical terminology?

<p>Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct breakdown of the term 'nephrology' in medical terminology?

<p>Study of kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prefix in medical terminology signifies 'upon' or 'over'?

<p>Hyper- (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form refers to the bladder in urological terminology?

<p>Cyst(o)- (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'urinalysis' refers to which of the following?

<p>Examination of urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-uria' indicate in medical terminology?

<p>Condition of urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

<p>Stimulates red blood cell production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is primarily secreted by the kidneys to help regulate blood pressure?

<p>Renin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines the role of calcifero in the urinary system?

<p>It is involved in calcium metabolism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nitrogenous waste filtration by the kidneys?

<p>To produce urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Ureterostenosis' refer to?

<p>Narrowing of a ureter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Kidney' refer to in the context of the urinary system?

<p>Bean-shaped organs that filter nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

<p>Stimulating red blood cell production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Calcifero' best describe in relation to the urinary system?

<p>A substance related to calcium metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the meaning of the combining form in 'Nephrology'?

<p>Study of kidney function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately captures the meaning of 'Urethra' in medical terminology?

<p>The tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'nephrology' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>The study of kidney function and diseases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form refers to the bladder in medical terminology?

<p>Cyst(o) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-uria' typically indicate in medical terms?

<p>Condition of urine or urination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe an abnormal narrowing of the ureter?

<p>Ureterostenosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Urethr(o)' signify in urological terminology?

<p>Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of bile necessary for fat digestion?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

<p>Absorption of nutrients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure plays a crucial role in both digestion and the regulation of blood sugar levels?

<p>Pancreas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary digestive function of the oral cavity?

<p>Ingestion and initial digestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are amino acids primarily responsible for in the body?

<p>Building blocks of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the transportation of food from the mouth to the stomach?

<p>Esophagus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process takes place after digestion in the digestive system?

<p>Absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the liver in the context of digestion?

<p>Producing bile for fat digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of processes involved in the digestive system?

<p>Digestion, Absorption, Elimination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the removal of waste products from the body in the digestive process?

<p>Excretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

<p>To produce digestive enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs in the large intestine?

<p>Absorption of water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes mastication?

<p>Mechanical breakdown of food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the process of taking in food by the digestive tract?

<p>Ingestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?

<p>Liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of amino acids in the body?

<p>Building blocks for proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the removal of waste products from the body?

<p>Elimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is associated with the initial breakdown of food into smaller components?

<p>Digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of taking nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream?

<p>Absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are amino acids primarily formed during digestion?

<p>By digesting proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the presence of excess urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood?

<p>Uremia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is responsible for bile production?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system primarily functions in the absorption of nutrients?

<p>Small intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pharynx in the digestive system?

<p>Passageway for air and food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the digestive system?

<p>Kidney (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Mastication' refer to in the context of the digestive system?

<p>The physical process of chewing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for secreting digestive fluids?

<p>Pancreas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does the large intestine primarily serve in the digestive system?

<p>Water reabsorption and waste formation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the pancreas's function in the digestive system?

<p>It secretes enzymes and regulates blood sugar. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is directly involved in improving food digestibility?

<p>Mastication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for removing waste products from the body?

<p>Elimination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'absorption' refer to in the digestive process?

<p>The uptake of nutrients into the bloodstream. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is digestion primarily focused on in the digestive system?

<p>The breakdown of nutrients for energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the components released during the digestion of proteins?

<p>Amino acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT part of the digestive system?

<p>Kidney (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the liver in the digestive system?

<p>Production of bile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the process of taking in food?

<p>Ingestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

<p>Small intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

<p>Production of digestive enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mastication in the digestive system?

<p>Mechanical breakdown of food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the intestinal tract is primarily responsible for water reabsorption?

<p>Large intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pancreas in the digestive system?

<p>Production of digestive enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of mastication?

<p>Physical breaking down of food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers specifically to the chewing process within the digestive system?

<p>Mastication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of amino acids in the body?

<p>Building proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes occurs after digestion?

<p>Elimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the removal of waste products from the body?

<p>Elimination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms correctly defines the process of taking nutrients into the body after digestion?

<p>Absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is best associated with the term 'ingestion' in the digestive process?

<p>Swallowing food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteins in the digestive system?

<p>To be broken down into amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients?

<p>Small intestine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form refers to urine in medical terminology?

<p>Urin(o) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pancreas?

<p>Secretes digestive fluids. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of mastication?

<p>Chewing of food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive system?

<p>Reabsorbs water from waste. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the function of mastication?

<p>Mechanical breakdown of food. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature is associated with the large intestine?

<p>It serves as a passageway for water reabsorption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is part of the digestive system and also plays a key role in detoxification?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

<p>Transportation of food to the stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

<p>Small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What functions does the gallbladder primarily serve in the digestive process?

<p>Stores and concentrates bile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of digestion in the digestive system?

<p>Breaking down food into smaller molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does absorption refer to in the context of the digestive system?

<p>The uptake of nutrients into the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between proteins and amino acids?

<p>Proteins are larger molecules comprised of amino acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'mastication' refer to in the context of digestion?

<p>The process of mechanical breakdown of food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for water reabsorption?

<p>Large intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In medical terminology, what does 'digestive organ' specifically refer to?

<p>A part of the body that assists in digestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of chewing?

<p>To break down food into smaller pieces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'Hysterectomy'?

<p>Surgical removal of the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Ejaculation' refer to in male reproductive terminology?

<p>Expulsion of semen outside the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms relates to the uterus in medical terminology?

<p>Hysteroscopy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term specifically indicates the expulsion of semen from the male reproductive system?

<p>Ejaculation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure is primarily affected in a Hysterectomy?

<p>Uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Vulvitis' specifically refer to?

<p>Inflammation of the vulva (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Uter(o)' relate to in medical terms?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term correctly describes a surgical procedure involving the uterus?

<p>Uteroplasty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medical terms indicates a manipulation related to the vulva?

<p>Vulvectomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the area associated with the female reproductive structure located at the entrance of the vagina?

<p>Vulva (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Mastitis' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Inflammation of breast tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical imaging technique is used for examining the breast?

<p>Mammography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Mamm(o)' indicate in medical terminology?

<p>Breast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of breast tissue?

<p>Mastitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of medical terminology, which of the following combines with 'Mast(o)' to describe a procedure related to the breast?

<p>Mastectomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Hysterectomy' refer to?

<p>Surgical removal of the uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms relates to the expulsion of semen from the male reproductive system?

<p>Ejaculation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is NOT associated with the male reproductive system?

<p>Hysterectomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component ejected from the male reproductive system during ejaculation?

<p>Semen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In medical terminology, what does 'hyster(o)' signify?

<p>Uterus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Vulvitis' specifically indicate?

<p>Inflammation of the vulva (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical term refers to surgical repair of the uterus?

<p>Uteroplasty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Uter(o)' signify in medical terminology?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form indicates the area of the vagina in medical terminology?

<p>Vulv(o) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the uterus in the female reproductive system?

<p>Support fetal development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Mastitis' refer to?

<p>Inflammation of the breast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of mammography?

<p>Imaging of the breast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prefix or combining form refers specifically to the breast in medical terminology?

<p>Mamm(o) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Mast(o)' convey in medical terminology?

<p>Breast-related conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical condition is primarily associated with the term 'Mammography'?

<p>Breast cancer detection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of ejaculation in males?

<p>Expulsion of semen outside the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers specifically to the uterus in medical terminology?

<p>Hyster(o) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is primarily involved in the male reproductive process?

<p>Ejaculatory duct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In medical terminology, which term refers to the surgical removal of a specific organ related to reproduction?

<p>Hysterectomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Vulv(o)' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>The external female genitalia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the surgical repair of the uterus?

<p>Uteroplasty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Vulvitis mean?

<p>Inflammation of the vulva (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context would the term 'Uter(o)' be used?

<p>Indicating structures related to the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the vulva?

<p>It is the external part of the female reproductive system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Mamm(o)' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Breast related terms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes inflammation of the breast?

<p>Mastitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mammography?

<p>To image the breast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms is associated with the breast?

<p>Mastitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Mast(o)' signify?

<p>Breast related terms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of hysterectomy in medical terminology?

<p>Surgical removal of the uterus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term ejaculation refer to in the male reproductive system?

<p>Expulsion of semen outside the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure is primarily involved in the expulsion of semen during ejaculation?

<p>Penis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term relates specifically to the surgical removal of the uterus?

<p>Hysterectomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the male reproductive system regarding ejaculation?

<p>To expel semen outside the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'Uteroplasty'?

<p>Surgical repair of the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term relates to the area of the vagina?

<p>Vulv(o) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms describes a surgical intervention for the uterus?

<p>Uteroplasty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical location does the term 'Vulva' refer to?

<p>External female genitalia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is associated with inflammation of the breast?

<p>Mastitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the surgical removal of breast tissue?

<p>Mastectomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms is associated with the study of the breast?

<p>Mastology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the integumentary system?

<p>Protection and temperature regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a lack of hair in spots or baldness?

<p>Alopecia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'thyrotoxic' refer to?

<p>Excessive thyroid hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is collagen primarily known for?

<p>A major protein that is tough and flexible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT considered part of the accessory organs of the integumentary system?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pancreas related to glycogen?

<p>Converts glycogen into glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Pancreatitis' refer to?

<p>Inflammation of the pancreas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs when glycogen is broken down?

<p>Glycogenolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the role of the pancreas in metabolism?

<p>Produces insulin and glucagon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of carbohydrate stored in animal cells?

<p>Glycogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

<p>Stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation PRL stand for?

<p>Prolactin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is responsible for promoting milk production?

<p>Prolactin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aldosterone?

<p>Regulate sodium and potassium levels in the kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form refers to the body as a whole in medical terminology?

<p>Somat/o (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth?

<p>Growth hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)?

<p>Increases pigmentation of the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'exo-' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Out of (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'Alopecia'?

<p>Lack of hair in spots; baldness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the major protein substance that is tough and flexible?

<p>Collagen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form 'Gonad(o)' refer to?

<p>Sex glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

<p>Digestion of food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Adenopathy' referring to?

<p>Disease of the glands or lymph nodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of breaking down glycogen to form glucose called?

<p>Glycogenolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'Pancreat(o)' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Pancreas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is primarily produced by the pancreas?

<p>Insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glucose in the body?

<p>Energy source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'endo-' in medical terminology indicate?

<p>Within (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating growth in the body?

<p>Growth hormone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aldosterone in the endocrine system?

<p>Regulates sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'exocrine' refer to in gland classification?

<p>Glands that secrete substances outside the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lact/o' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Milk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in the production of melanin?

<p>Melanocyte stimulating hormone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 'cortic/o' combining form in medical terminology?

<p>Cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes a function of the endocrine system?

<p>Secretes hormones for homeostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Alopecia' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Lack of hair in spots or baldness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a disease related to the glands?

<p>Adenopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the integumentary system?

<p>Protection and temperature regulation of the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is primarily described as tough and flexible in the context of skin anatomy?

<p>Collagen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'Gonad(o)' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Sex glands. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Support and connect bones to other bones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is primarily involved in body movement?

<p>Muscle tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the medullary cavity of a bone?

<p>Marrow rich in nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do muscles and bones primarily interact in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Muscles pull on bones through tendons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the overall system that includes both muscles and the skeleton?

<p>Musculoskeletal system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the structure primarily involved in mineral storage in the body?

<p>Bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'Hypodermic' indicate in medical terminology?

<p>Pertaining to under the skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form relates to the presence of sweat glands?

<p>Hidr(o) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the medical term 'Xanthoma' indicate in terms of skin condition?

<p>Yellow growth or discoloration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms describes an inflammation of fatty tissue?

<p>Steatitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combining form relates directly to fungus-related conditions?

<p>Myc(o) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'Dermatitis'?

<p>Inflammation of skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Adenopathy' refer to in medical terminology?

<p>Disease related to glands or lymph nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of collagen in the body?

<p>Providing structural support and flexibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms relates to the Integumentary System?

<p>Dermatopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does the term 'Alopecia' describe?

<p>Baldness or lack of hair in spots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of the Integumentary System?

<p>Muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>To attach bones to bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue type fills the medullary cavity and is often rich in nutrients?

<p>Marrow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do muscles play in the body?

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Which of the following correctly describes the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Is a system including both muscles and skeleton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ligaments contribute to the stability of joints?

<p>They connect bones and limit excessive movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to inflammation of the skin?

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What mineral is crucial for the formation of bone?

<p>Calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'Cutaneous' refer to?

<p>Pertaining to the skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures provides coverage for the surface of bone?

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Which condition is characterized by excessive dryness of the skin?

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What does the term 'Trichopathy' refer to?

<p>Disease of hair (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term specifically refers to a fatty substance in medical terminology?

<p>Adipose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function does the integumentary system NOT perform?

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What is the role of collagen in the body?

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Which of the following describes alopecia?

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What is the main role of muscle tissue in the body?

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What does the term 'marrow' refer to in the context of anatomy?

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Which anatomical structures are included in the musculoskeletal system?

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What function do ligaments provide in the body?

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Which of the following accurately describes muscle tissue?

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Which term describes inflammation of the skin?

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Which term means 'pertaining to under the skin'?

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What is the primary function of the musculoskeletal system?

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What does the prefix 'Epidermal' signify?

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Which combining form means 'yellow'?

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Which term refers to the hard connective tissue forming the skeleton of the body?

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Which prefix indicates a meaning related to the skin?

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What is the primary role of the musculoskeletal system?

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What term refers to the flexible connective tissue found in joints?

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Which mineral is particularly important in the formation of bone?

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What does the term 'subcutaneous' refer to in medical terminology?

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What is the primary function of the brain in the nervous system?

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Which part of the nervous system is NOT included in the peripheral nervous system?

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What is the function of ligaments in the body?

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What role does the brainstem play in the body?

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Which tissue type is primarily responsible for body movement?

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Sternodynia refers to which of the following conditions?

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What is the main function of marrow in the body?

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How many pairs of cranial nerves are found in the peripheral nervous system?

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How is the musculoskeletal system best defined?

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Which description best defines connective tissue?

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What does the prefix 'hypodermic' specifically refer to?

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Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the musculoskeletal system?

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What does the term 'periosteum' refer to?

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Which mineral is crucial for the formation of bone, according to the content provided?

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What does 'ungual' pertain to in medical terminology?

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What does the term 'sternodynia' refer to in medical terminology?

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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling heart functions?

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How many pairs of cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system?

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Which of the following correctly identifies the major components of the central nervous system?

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What is the primary role of the brain in the nervous system?

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Which term best describes connective tissue that fills the medullary cavity of bones?

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In the context of the musculoskeletal system, which of the following describes the nature of muscle tissue?

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What is the correct definition of the musculoskeletal system?

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Which of these statements accurately captures the role of fibrous tissues in the body?

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Which part of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?

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Which term refers to pain in the sternum?

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What does the prefix 'hypodermic' refer to in medical terminology?

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Which of the following materials is essential in the formation of bone?

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What function does the brainstem primarily control?

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What is the primary function of the musculoskeletal system related to blood?

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Which anatomical structure is classified as flexible connective tissue within joints?

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What is the primary role of the brain in the body?

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What does the term 'dermal' specifically refer to?

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Which type of tissue fills the medullary cavity of bones?

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Which component of the musculoskeletal system plays a major role in body movement?

<p>Muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the musculoskeletal system?

<p>It encompasses muscles and the skeleton. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue connects and supports bones?

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What does the prefix 'Intradermal' refer to in medical terminology?

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Which function is NOT associated with the musculoskeletal system?

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Which term describes the fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone?

<p>Periosteum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mineral important in the formation of bone?

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What does the prefix 'Subcutaneous' indicate?

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Which structure is part of the central nervous system?

<p>Brainstem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sternodynia' refer to?

<p>Pain in the sternum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

<p>Spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function is primarily associated with the brainstem?

<p>Managing heart and lung functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the role of marrow in bones?

<p>Fills the medullary cavity and is rich in nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is primarily responsible for body movement?

<p>Contractile muscle tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the musculoskeletal system?

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Which statement best describes ligaments?

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Flashcards

Ureter(o)

Prefix relating to the ureter, a tube carrying urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Ureterostenosis

Narrowing of the ureter.

Urethr(o)

Prefix relating to the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body.

Urethrorrhea

Abnormal discharge from the urethra.

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Uria

Suffix relating to urine.

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Medical Terminology

The study of words used in medicine, including prefixes, suffixes, and root words.

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Prefix

A word part added to the beginning of a root word to modify its meaning.

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Suffix

A word part added to the end of a root word to modify its meaning.

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Root Word

The main part of a medical term, representing the core concept.

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Combining Form

A root word used in combination with a prefix or suffix to create a medical term. Often ends in 'o'.

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Kidney

Bean-shaped organs that filter waste products from the blood to create urine.

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Erythropoietin (EPO)

A hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells.

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Calcifero

A hormone produced by the kidneys that helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.

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What is the function of the kidneys?

The kidneys filter waste products from the blood to create urine, regulate blood pressure, and produce hormones, like erythropoietin (EPO) and calcifero.

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What is 'Ureter(o)' a prefix for?

The ureter, a tube carrying urine from the kidney to the bladder.

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What is 'Urethr(o)' a prefix for?

The urethra, the tube that carries urine outside the body.

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Kidney Function

The kidneys filter waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure and produce hormones like erythropoietin (EPO) and calcifero.

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What is EPO?

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone made by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells.

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What is Calcifero?

Calcifero is a hormone made by the kidneys that helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.

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What are the "Bean-shaped Filters?"

The kidneys, which resemble beans, filter waste from the blood to make urine.

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What is the Ureter?

The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.

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What does 'Ureter(o)' indicate?

'Ureter(o)' is a prefix indicating the ureter, the tube carrying urine from the kidney to the bladder.

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What does 'Urethr(o)' indicate?

'Urethr(o)' is a prefix indicating the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body.

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Amino Acids

The building blocks of proteins. They are released when proteins are digested.

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Digestion

The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that your body can absorb.

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Absorption

The process of taking in nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.

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Elimination

The process of removing waste products from the body.

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What are the three steps of the digestive process?

Digestion, absorption, and elimination.

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Urin(o)

A prefix meaning 'urine' or 'related to urine'.

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What is the digestive system?

The digestive system is a group of organs that work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.

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What are the four main functions of the digestive system?

The four main functions of the digestive system are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.

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Mastication

The process of chewing food with your teeth, breaking it down into smaller pieces.

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Large Intestine

The final part of the digestive system where water is absorbed from undigested food. It also houses beneficial bacteria.

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What is the function of the pancreas?

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes that break down food, and hormones like insulin and glucagon that regulate blood sugar.

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What is the large intestine's role in digestion?

The large intestine absorbs water and minerals from the remaining food, forming stool.

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What is the final stage of digestion?

The final stage of digestion is elimination, where the waste products (stool) are removed from the body.

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Oral Cavity

The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body.

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Pharynx

The throat, a passageway for food and air.

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Esophagus

A muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach.

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Stomach

A muscular organ where food is churned and mixed with gastric juices.

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Pancreas

A digestive organ that releases fluids that help break down food.

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What does your body do with water absorbed in the large intestine?

The absorbed water is used to help form stool, which is then eliminated from the body.

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What is the purpose of the pancreas?

The pancreas releases digestive enzymes that help break down food and hormones that regulate blood sugar.

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What are the 3 steps of digestion?

The three steps of the digestive process are digestion, absorption, and elimination.

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What are the three steps of digestion?

Digestion, absorption, and elimination.

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Digestive System

A collection of organs responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste.

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What processes food in the body?

The digestive system processes food through ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.

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What does the large intestine do?

The large intestine absorbs water and minerals from undigested food, forming stool.

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What is absorption?

The process of taking nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.

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What is elimination?

The process of removing waste products from the body.

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What does the pancreas do?

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes that break down food, and hormones like insulin and glucagon that regulate blood sugar.

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What is the large intestine's role?

The large intestine absorbs water and minerals from the remaining food, forming stool.

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What is the role of the large intestine in digestion?

The large intestine absorbs water and minerals from the remaining food, forming stool.

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Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

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Ejaculation

The expulsion of semen from the body.

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Uterus

The organ in a female's body where a baby develops.

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Male Reproductive System

The system of organs responsible for producing and transporting sperm.

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What is the function of the urethra?

The urethra carries urine from the bladder out of the body. In males, it also carries semen.

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Vulv(o)

A prefix meaning 'vulva', referring to the external female genitalia.

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Vulvitis

Inflammation of the vulva, the external female genitalia.

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Uteroplasty

Surgical repair of the uterus, the womb.

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What are the prefixes for 'vulva' and 'uterus'?

The prefixes are 'Vulv(o)' for the vulva, and 'Uter(o)' for the uterus.

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Mammo-

Prefix meaning "breast"

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Mast-

Prefix meaning "breast"

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Mastitis

Inflammation of the breast tissue.

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Mammography

Imaging technique used to examine the breast.

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What is the connection between 'mammo-' and 'mast-'?

Both 'mammo-' and 'mast-' are prefixes that mean "breast".

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What does 'Uter(o)' mean?

'Uter(o)' is a prefix meaning 'uterus', which is the womb.

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"Uter(o)" prefix

A prefix meaning 'uterus'.

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What is the prefix for 'vulva'?

The prefix for 'vulva' is 'Vulv(o)'

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Mammo-/Mast-

Prefixes meaning 'breast'.

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'Uter(o)' Prefix Usage

The prefix 'Uter(o)' is commonly used in medical terms to indicate a connection to the uterus, such as 'Uteroplasty' (uterus repair) and 'Uterine' (related to the uterus).

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Gonad

A sex gland, responsible for producing sex cells (sperm or egg).

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Thyroid Gland

An endocrine gland in the neck, producing hormones that regulate metabolism and energy.

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Adenopathy

A condition affecting the lymph nodes or glands, often characterized by swelling.

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Adipose

Relating to fat or fatty tissue.

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Alopecia

Hair loss, especially in patches or areas.

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Glycogen Breakdown

Glycogen, a stored form of glucose in the body, is broken down into glucose for energy.

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Pancreat(o)

Prefix referring to the pancreas, a vital organ involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation.

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Pancreas Function

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes to break down food and hormones like insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.

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Pancreatitis

Inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by gallstones, alcohol abuse, or certain medications.

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What is the relationship between the pancreas and digestion?

The pancreas plays a crucial role in digestion by producing and releasing digestive enzymes that break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates in the small intestine.

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Endocrine System

A network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions and maintain homeostasis.

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Hormone

A chemical messenger produced by an endocrine gland that travels through the bloodstream to target cells, influencing their activity.

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GH

Growth hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, promotes growth and development.

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PRL/LTH

Prolactin/lactogenic hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, stimulates breast milk production.

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Aldosterone

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands, regulating sodium and potassium balance in the kidneys.

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Endocrine vs Exocrine glands

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands release substances through ducts.

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Integumentary System

The body's outer covering, composed of skin and its accessory organs (hair, nails, glands).

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Dermat(o)

A combining form meaning 'skin'.

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Melan(o)

A combining form meaning 'black' or 'very dark'.

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Xer(o)

A combining form meaning 'dry'.

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Seb(o)

A combining form meaning 'sebum' or 'sebaceous glands'.

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Steat(o)

A combining form meaning 'fat'.

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Xanth(o)

A combining form meaning 'yellow'.

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Gonadotropin

A hormone that stimulates the growth of the gonads (sex glands).

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Thyrotoxic

A condition characterized by excessive amounts of thyroid hormones.

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Ligament

A strong band of fibrous tissue that connects bones together, providing stability and support to joints.

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Muscle

A type of tissue that contracts and relaxes, enabling movement of the body.

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Musculoskeletal System

A system composed of bones, muscles, and joints, providing support, movement, and protection to the body.

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What is connective tissue?

Connective tissue is a type of tissue that provides support, connects, and binds other tissues together. It includes ligaments, tendons, cartilage, bone, and blood.

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What is the musculoskeletal system?

The system composed of bones, muscles, and joints that provides support, movement, and protection to the body.

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What does 'Musculoskeletal' mean?

It refers to the combination of the muscular and skeletal systems.

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What is 'Alopecia'?

Alopecia refers to hair loss, especially in patches or areas.

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What do 'Seb(o)' and 'Steat(o)' mean?

'Seb(o)' refers to sebum, a substance produced by sebaceous glands, and 'Steat(o)' indicates 'fat' or 'fatty tissue.'

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What is the function of the 'gonads'?

Gonads are sex glands that produce sex cells, either sperm or egg cells.

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What connective tissue attaches bone to bone?

A ligament is a strong band of fibrous tissue that connects bones together, providing stability and support to joints.

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Cutaneous

Relating to the skin.

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Dermal

Pertaining to the skin.

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Epidermal

Pertaining to the outer layer of the skin.

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Hypodermic

Pertaining to the layer under the skin.

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Subcutaneous

Pertaining to the layer under the skin.

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Brainstem

The lower part of the brain connecting to the spinal cord, controlling vital functions like breathing and heart rate.

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Peripheral Nervous System

The network of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

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Central Nervous System

The control center of the nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord.

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What's the difference between a ligament and a tendon?

A ligament connects bone to bone, while a tendon connects muscle to bone.

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Intradermal

Pertaining to within the skin.

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Sternodynia

Pain in the sternum, often associated with conditions affecting the chest, like rib injuries, inflammation or heart problems.

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Central Nervous System (CNS)

The control center of the body, composed of the brain and spinal cord. It processes information, controls functions, and coordinates body activities.

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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The network of nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. It transmits signals between the CNS and the organs, muscles, and skin.

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What is the function of marrow?

Marrow is connective tissue found inside bones that produces blood cells, supplying the body with new blood.

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Supports the body

One of the main functions of the musculoskeletal system is to provide support for the body.

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What is the role of the musculoskeletal system?

The musculoskeletal system provides support, movement, and protection to the body, including the bones, muscles, and joints.

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What is the function of ligaments?

Ligaments connect bones together to provide stability to joints, preventing them from dislocating or moving too much.

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What are the functions of the musculoskeletal system?

The musculoskeletal system supports the body, produces blood cells, protects internal organs, and stores minerals.

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Periosteum

A fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.

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What is the main function of the Musculoskeletal system?

The Musculoskeletal system supports your body, allows you to move, and protects your vital organs.

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Study Notes

Urinary System

  • Kidneys: Bean-shaped organs filtering nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream to form urine.
  • Nephron: Functional unit of a kidney.
  • Reabsorption: Returning essential elements to the bloodstream.
  • Renin: Enzyme regulating blood filtration rate by increasing blood pressure.
  • Urea: Waste product of nitrogen metabolism, excreted in urine.
  • Urine: Fluid excreted by the urinary system.
  • Filtration: Separating solids from a liquid through a porous substance.
  • Glomerulus: Group of capillaries in a nephron.
  • Bowman's capsule: Capsule surrounding a glomerulus for urine collection.
  • Electrolyte: Chemical element with an electrical charge in water.
  • Catheter: Tube for injecting or removing fluids.
  • Bladder: Organ storing urine before excretion.
  • Potassium (K+): Electrolyte regulated by the kidney.
  • Sodium (Na+): Electrolyte regulated by the blood and urine.

Kidney Functions

  • Filtering nitrogenous wastes to form urine.
  • Maintaining water balance.
  • Maintaining electrolyte balance.
  • Maintaining acid-base balance.
  • Degrading and eliminating hormones.
  • Releasing hormones (e.g., Renin, erythropoietin and Calcifero).

Medical Terminology in Urinary System (Combining Forms)

  • Ureter(o): Ureter
  • Urethr(o): Urethra
  • Uria: Of urine
  • Vesic(o): Bladder
  • Cyst(o): Bladder
  • Glomerul(o): Glomerulus
  • Nephr(o): Kidney
  • Ren(o): Kidney
  • Ur(o), urin(o): Urine

Digestive System

  • Function: Converts complex molecules into simpler forms for absorption and energy generation.

  • Ingestion: Taking in food.

  • Digestion: Breaking down food.

  • Absorption: Passage of nutrients into the bloodstream.

  • Elimination: Removal of waste products.

  • Components of the Digestive Canal: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.

Digestive System - Terms

  • Amino acids: Small building blocks of proteins.
  • Amylase: Enzyme digesting starch.
  • Absorption: Passage into the bloodstream.
  • Bile: Fluid aiding in fat digestion, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
  • Bilirubin: Pigment in bile.

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