Summary

This document provides an overview of the endocrine system, including its function, glands, and major hormones. It explains the role of hormones in maintaining homeostasis and provides a table of hormones with their functions. The document is well-structured for educational purposes.

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Endocrine System: Function: Produce hormones that work together to maintain homeostasis )‫وظيفة سيستم االندوكراين انه يفرز هرمونات بيحتاجها الجسم على شان يحافظ على التوازن‬ Endo- means within crine mean to secret Glands has two types: 1)endocrine gland>>en...

Endocrine System: Function: Produce hormones that work together to maintain homeostasis )‫وظيفة سيستم االندوكراين انه يفرز هرمونات بيحتاجها الجسم على شان يحافظ على التوازن‬ Endo- means within crine mean to secret Glands has two types: 1)endocrine gland>>endo- means within 2) Exocrine glands>>> exo -means out of ❖ Major Hormones ‫هذا الجدول حيكون فيه أهم الهرمونات يلي بيفرزها الجسم وسهلين على فكره عشان يصيرو سهلين اكثروتتذكروهم رح الون الكم‬ ‫المقاطع يلي الهم معنى بلون اصفر والمعنى بلون رمادي حرف الربط بلون ازرق والوظيفه لكل هرمون تحتها خطين‬...‫احكو بسم هللا ويال نبدأ‬، Hormone Explanation ACTH ‫الهرمون‬ Adrenocorticotropic hormone ‫المحفز للغده‬ -cortic/o means cortex ‫الكضريه‬ -trop means change Figure8 -ic means pertaining to GH ‫هرمون النو‬ Growth hormone (somatotropic hormone) released by anterior pituitary for stimulating Figure9 growth Somat/o means body -tropic means having an affinity for MSH ‫هرمون المحفز‬ Melanocyte stimulating hormone ‫يحفز انتاج صبغة الميالنين‬ ‫النتاج صبغة الميالنين‬ PRL/ LTH ‫هرمون‬ Prolactin/ lactogenic hormone ‫الحليب‬ ✓ Lact/o means milk ✓ Gen means producing ✓ ic means pertaining to ALD ‫األلدوستيرون‬ Aldosterone (hormone secreted by adrenal cortex which regulates sodium reabsorption Figure10 and potassium excretion by kidneys). ADH ‫الهرمون المانع‬ Antidiuretic hormone (posterior pituitary hormone that increases water reabsorption. ‫إلدرار البول‬ OXT Oxytocin: released by the posterior pituitary gland to aid in uterine contractions and lactation: oxy- means swift. -tocin means labor T3 ‫هرمون الغده‬ Triiodothyronine (thyroid hormone that stimulates growth). ‫الدرقيه‬ T4 ‫هرمون الغده‬ Thyroxine (thyroid hormone that helps regulate metabolism). ‫الدرقيه‬ PTH ‫هرمون جارات‬ Parathyroid hormone (hormone released by parathyroid glands to help raise blood calcium ‫الغده الدرقيه‬ levels). FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone: released by anterior pituitary to aid in production of ova and Figure9 sperm. ‫هرمون يحفز انتاج البويضات عند النساء والحيوانات المنويه عند الرجال‬ LH Luteinizing hormone (stimulate oocyte maturation, increase progesteron) ‫يحفز تمايز ونضوج البويضه ويزيد مستوى هرمون البروجستيرون‬ Endocrine System-Combining forms: Combining Meaning Example Form Adren(o), adrenal gland Adrenomegaly (enlargement of adrenal glands ‫تضخم الغده الكضرية‬ adrenal(o) ‫الغده الكضريه‬ Figure10 Gluc(o) Glucose ‫ الجلوكوز‬Glucogenesis ‫تكوين الجلوكوز‬ Glyc(o) Glycogen Glycolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose. ‫تكسر الجاليكوجين لتكوين‬ ‫الجاليكوجين‬ ‫الجلوكوز‬ Pancreat(o) Pancreas Pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas). Figure10 Gonad(o) sex glands Gonadotropin (hormone that aids in growth of gonads ‫الهرمون‬ ‫المحفز لنمو الغدد الجنسيه‬ Thyr(o), thyroid gland Thyrotoxic (excessive amounts of thyroid hormones ‫زيادة نشاط الغده‬ thyroid(o) ‫الدرقسه‬ Aden(o) Gland Adenopathy (glandular or lymph node disease ‫مرض الغده او العقد‬ ‫الليمفاويه‬ Integumentary System: Consists of: 1) Skin 2) Accessory organs: Hair/ Nails/Sebaceous glands /Sweat glands Function: Protection, Temperature regulation, Have sensory receptors, Fluid secretion Integumentary System-Terms: Term Definition Adipose Fatty; relating to fat ‫ دهون‬Figure12 Alopecia Lack of hair in spots; baldness ‫ الصلع‬Figure12 Collagen Major protein substance that is tough and flexible. ‫ الكوالجين‬Figure12

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