Endocrine System Study Guide PDF

Summary

This document provides an overview of the endocrine system, including its function, glands, and major hormones. It explains the role of hormones in maintaining homeostasis and provides a table of hormones with their functions. The document is well-structured for educational purposes.

Full Transcript

Endocrine System: Function: Produce hormones that work together to maintain homeostasis )‫وظيفة سيستم االندوكراين انه يفرز هرمونات بيحتاجها الجسم على شان يحافظ على التوازن‬ Endo- means within crine mean to secret Glands has two types: 1)endocrine gland>>en...

Endocrine System: Function: Produce hormones that work together to maintain homeostasis )‫وظيفة سيستم االندوكراين انه يفرز هرمونات بيحتاجها الجسم على شان يحافظ على التوازن‬ Endo- means within crine mean to secret Glands has two types: 1)endocrine gland>>endo- means within 2) Exocrine glands>>> exo -means out of ❖ Major Hormones ‫هذا الجدول حيكون فيه أهم الهرمونات يلي بيفرزها الجسم وسهلين على فكره عشان يصيرو سهلين اكثروتتذكروهم رح الون الكم‬ ‫المقاطع يلي الهم معنى بلون اصفر والمعنى بلون رمادي حرف الربط بلون ازرق والوظيفه لكل هرمون تحتها خطين‬...‫احكو بسم هللا ويال نبدأ‬، Hormone Explanation ACTH ‫الهرمون‬ Adrenocorticotropic hormone ‫المحفز للغده‬ -cortic/o means cortex ‫الكضريه‬ -trop means change Figure8 -ic means pertaining to GH ‫هرمون النو‬ Growth hormone (somatotropic hormone) released by anterior pituitary for stimulating Figure9 growth Somat/o means body -tropic means having an affinity for MSH ‫هرمون المحفز‬ Melanocyte stimulating hormone ‫يحفز انتاج صبغة الميالنين‬ ‫النتاج صبغة الميالنين‬ PRL/ LTH ‫هرمون‬ Prolactin/ lactogenic hormone ‫الحليب‬ ✓ Lact/o means milk ✓ Gen means producing ✓ ic means pertaining to ALD ‫األلدوستيرون‬ Aldosterone (hormone secreted by adrenal cortex which regulates sodium reabsorption Figure10 and potassium excretion by kidneys). ADH ‫الهرمون المانع‬ Antidiuretic hormone (posterior pituitary hormone that increases water reabsorption. ‫إلدرار البول‬ OXT Oxytocin: released by the posterior pituitary gland to aid in uterine contractions and lactation: oxy- means swift. -tocin means labor T3 ‫هرمون الغده‬ Triiodothyronine (thyroid hormone that stimulates growth). ‫الدرقيه‬ T4 ‫هرمون الغده‬ Thyroxine (thyroid hormone that helps regulate metabolism). ‫الدرقيه‬ PTH ‫هرمون جارات‬ Parathyroid hormone (hormone released by parathyroid glands to help raise blood calcium ‫الغده الدرقيه‬ levels). FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone: released by anterior pituitary to aid in production of ova and Figure9 sperm. ‫هرمون يحفز انتاج البويضات عند النساء والحيوانات المنويه عند الرجال‬ LH Luteinizing hormone (stimulate oocyte maturation, increase progesteron) ‫يحفز تمايز ونضوج البويضه ويزيد مستوى هرمون البروجستيرون‬ Endocrine System-Combining forms: Combining Meaning Example Form Adren(o), adrenal gland Adrenomegaly (enlargement of adrenal glands ‫تضخم الغده الكضرية‬ adrenal(o) ‫الغده الكضريه‬ Figure10 Gluc(o) Glucose ‫ الجلوكوز‬Glucogenesis ‫تكوين الجلوكوز‬ Glyc(o) Glycogen Glycolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose. ‫تكسر الجاليكوجين لتكوين‬ ‫الجاليكوجين‬ ‫الجلوكوز‬ Pancreat(o) Pancreas Pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas). Figure10 Gonad(o) sex glands Gonadotropin (hormone that aids in growth of gonads ‫الهرمون‬ ‫المحفز لنمو الغدد الجنسيه‬ Thyr(o), thyroid gland Thyrotoxic (excessive amounts of thyroid hormones ‫زيادة نشاط الغده‬ thyroid(o) ‫الدرقسه‬ Aden(o) Gland Adenopathy (glandular or lymph node disease ‫مرض الغده او العقد‬ ‫الليمفاويه‬ Integumentary System: Consists of: 1) Skin 2) Accessory organs: Hair/ Nails/Sebaceous glands /Sweat glands Function: Protection, Temperature regulation, Have sensory receptors, Fluid secretion Integumentary System-Terms: Term Definition Adipose Fatty; relating to fat ‫ دهون‬Figure12 Alopecia Lack of hair in spots; baldness ‫ الصلع‬Figure12 Collagen Major protein substance that is tough and flexible. ‫ الكوالجين‬Figure12

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