Anatomy Study Guide PDF

FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone: released by anterior pituitary to aid in production of ova and Figure9 sperm. ‫هرمون يحفز انتاج البويضات عند النساء والحيوانات المنويه عند الرجال‬ LH Luteinizing hormone (stimulate oocyte maturation, increase progesteron)...

FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone: released by anterior pituitary to aid in production of ova and Figure9 sperm. ‫هرمون يحفز انتاج البويضات عند النساء والحيوانات المنويه عند الرجال‬ LH Luteinizing hormone (stimulate oocyte maturation, increase progesteron) ‫يحفز تمايز ونضوج البويضه ويزيد مستوى هرمون البروجستيرون‬ Endocrine System-Combining forms: Combining Meaning Example Form Adren(o), adrenal gland Adrenomegaly (enlargement of adrenal glands ‫تضخم الغده الكضرية‬ adrenal(o) ‫الغده الكضريه‬ Figure10 Gluc(o) Glucose ‫ الجلوكوز‬Glucogenesis ‫تكوين الجلوكوز‬ Glyc(o) Glycogen Glycolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose. ‫تكسر الجاليكوجين لتكوين‬ ‫الجاليكوجين‬ ‫الجلوكوز‬ Pancreat(o) Pancreas Pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas). Figure10 Gonad(o) sex glands Gonadotropin (hormone that aids in growth of gonads ‫الهرمون‬ ‫المحفز لنمو الغدد الجنسيه‬ Thyr(o), thyroid gland Thyrotoxic (excessive amounts of thyroid hormones ‫زيادة نشاط الغده‬ thyroid(o) ‫الدرقسه‬ Aden(o) Gland Adenopathy (glandular or lymph node disease ‫مرض الغده او العقد‬ ‫الليمفاويه‬ Integumentary System: Consists of: 1) Skin 2) Accessory organs: Hair/ Nails/Sebaceous glands /Sweat glands Function: Protection, Temperature regulation, Have sensory receptors, Fluid secretion Integumentary System-Terms: Term Definition Adipose Fatty; relating to fat ‫ دهون‬Figure12 Alopecia Lack of hair in spots; baldness ‫ الصلع‬Figure12 Collagen Major protein substance that is tough and flexible. ‫ الكوالجين‬Figure12 Dermis Skin layer beneath epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves, and some glands. ‫تحت البشره الخارجيه‬Figure11 Diaphoresis Excretion of fluid by the sweat glands; sweating ‫التعرق‬ Epidermis Outer portion of skin ‫ البشره الخارجيه‬Figure11 Hair follicle Tube-like sac in dermis out of which hair shaft develops ‫ بصيلة الشعر‬Figure11 Integument Tube-like sac in dermis out of which hair shaft develops ‫غالف يحتوي الجلد‬ Keratin Hard protein that forms nails and hair ‫ بروتين الكيراتين‬Figure12 Melanin Pigment produced by melanocytes that determines skin, hair, and eye color. ‫صبغة‬ ‫الميالنين‬ Integumentary System-Combining Forms: Combining Form Meaning: Example: Dermat(o) Skin Dermatitis (inflammation of skin) Lip(o) Fatty‫دهني‬ liposuction (removal of unwanted fat by suctioning through tubes) Melan(o) Black, Melanoma (malignancy arising from cells that form melanin) very dark Xer(o) Dry‫جاف‬ Xeroderma (excessive dryness of the skin) Pil(o) Hair Pilocystic (relating to a skin cyst with hair) Seb(o) Sebum, Seborrhea (excessive sebum caused by over activity of sebaceous sebaceous glands) glands ‫غدد‬ ‫دهنية‬ Steat(o) Fat Steatitis (inflammation of fatty tissue) Trich(o) hair Trichopathy (disease of hair) Xanth(o) yellow Xanthoma (yellow growth or discoloration of the skin ) Myc(o) Fungus Mycosis (any condition caused by fungus) Hidr(o) Sweat, Hidrosis (production and excretion of sweat) sweat glands Kerat(o) Horny Keratosis (skin lesion covered by a horny layer of tissue) tissue Integumentary System-Prefixes: Prefix: Meaning: Cutaneous Pertaining to the skin Dermal Pertaining to the skin Epidermal Pertaining to upon the skin Hypodermic Pertaining to under the skin Intradermal Pertaining to within the skin Subcutaneous Pertaining to under the skin Ungual Pertaining to the nail Musculoskeletal System: Functions: 1) Supports body 3 ) Protects internal organs 2) Produces blood cell 4 ) stores minerals Musculoskeletal System-Terms Term Definition Bone ‫عظام‬ Hard connective tissue that forms skeleton of body Figure13 Articular ‫مفصل‬ Cartilage at a joint Figure13 Periosteum‫حول العظم‬ Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone Figure14 Calcium, phosphorus Minerals important in the formation of bone Cartilage‫غضروف‬ Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and lining of various parts of body. Figure13 Ligament ‫اربطة‬ Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone Figure13 Marrow‫نخاع‬ Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients Figure14 Muscle ‫عضل‬ Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement Musculoskeletal System of the body including the muscles and skeleton.. Osteoblast ‫خاليا‬ Cells that forms bone Figure14 ‫المصنعة للعضم‬ Musculoskeletal System-Combining Forms: CombiningForm Meaning: Example: Arthr(o) Joint‫مفصل‬ Arthrogram (x-ray of a joint)