14 Questions
What is the main function of the muscles in the upper limb?
To move the hand, the fingers and the thumb
Which of the following muscles are responsible for flexion of the wrist and fingers?
Anterior compartment
What is the origin of the brachial artery?
At the arm
What is the function of the deep palmar venous arches?
Drain into the radial vein
Which of the following veins drain the dorsal venous network?
Basilic vein
What is the final destination of the brachial vein?
Axillary vein
What is the joint that connects the clavicle to the scapula?
Acromio-clavicular Joint (ACJ)
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the upper limb?
Sternum
What is the number of carpal bones in the human body?
8
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff muscles?
Teres major
What is the joint that connects the humerus to the radius and ulna?
Elbow Joint
Which of the following bones is the lateral bone in the forearm?
Radius
How many phalanges are in the thumb?
2
What is the name of the joint that connects the scapula to the posterior wall of the thorax?
Scapulo-Thoracic Joint
Study Notes
Upper Limb Structure
- The upper limb is suspended from the trunk by muscles and the sterno-clavicular joint (SCJ).
- It consists of the following bones:
- Scapula
- Clavicle
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
- Carpus (8 carpal bones)
- Metacarpals (5 metacarpals)
- Phalanges (14 phalanges)
Clavicle
- A long bone located in the chest anteriorly
- Articulates medially with the manubrium of the sternum (SCJ) and laterally with the acromion of the scapula (ACJ)
Scapula
- A flat triangular bone that articulates with:
- Clavicle (ACJ)
- Humerus (Gleno-humeral Joint)
- Posterior wall of the thorax (Scapulo-Thoracic Joint)
Humerus
- A long bone that articulates with the scapula forming the gleno-humeral joint and the radius and ulna forming the elbow joint
- Composed of head, neck, shaft, and condyles
Forearm
- Radius: lateral bone
- Ulna: medial bone
- Articulate with the humerus proximally, at the elbow, and the radius articulates with the carpus distally at the wrist joint
- Articulate with each other by the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints (RUJ)
Hand
- Composed of 8 carpal bones:
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Triquetral
- Pisiform
- Trapezium
- Trapezoid
- Capitate
- Hamate
- Metacarpals (5 bones)
- Phalanges (14 bones)
- Each finger has 3 phalanges: proximal, intermediate, and distal phalanges
- Thumb has only 2 phalanges: proximal and distal phalanges
Muscles of the Shoulder
- Rotator cuff muscles:
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Anterior muscles (flexors)
- Posterior muscles (extensors)
Blood Vessels
- Arteries:
- At shoulder: branches of the subclavian artery
- At arm: brachial artery
- At forearm: radial and ulnar arteries
- In the palm: radial and ulnar arteries communicate through the palmar arches
- Veins:
- Deep veins:
- At the palm of the hand: deep and superficial palmar venous arches
- The deep one drains into the radial vein while the superficial one drains into the ulnar vein
- Superficial veins:
- Basilic vein: drains the dorsal venous network and runs on the medial side of the upper limb
- Cephalic vein: drains the dorsal venous network then runs on the antero-lateral aspect of the upper limb to empty into the axillary vein
- Deep veins:
This quiz covers the structure and bones of the upper limb, including the scapula, clavicle, and joints. Learn about the anatomy of the upper limb and its connections to the trunk.
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