63 Questions
What is the primary purpose of maintaining serum drug levels above the minimal effective concentration (MEC)?
To halt the growth of the targeted microorganism
When a patient's recurrent urinary tract infection fails to respond to an antibiotic that has previously been effective, the most likely reason is:
Acquired bacterial resistance
If a patient has previously experienced a severe rash when taking penicillin, what is the most appropriate action when considering administering amoxicillin (a penicillin derivative)?
Contact the provider about using a different antibiotic
When a patient has been receiving an antibiotic for 2 days after a culture was obtained, the nurse should:
Verify if the antibiotic should be continued pending culture results
Which of the following best describes acquired bacterial resistance?
Bacteria develop resistance mechanisms through genetic mutations
Which of the following statements about cross-resistance is accurate?
It occurs when bacteria develop resistance to multiple antibiotics from different classes
What should a patient do if they develop a rash while taking a drug?
Stop taking the drug and call the provider
Which foods should a patient avoid when taking amoxicillin?
Acidic fruits and juices
What action should a nurse take when administering milky-colored penicillin G procaine?
Administer the medication as ordered by the physician
What effect can azithromycin have on digoxin and warfarin?
Increased effectiveness of digoxin
What is the best course of action if a patient reports having had a rash when taking penicillin?
Consider using erythromycin instead.
What could be a potential consequence of treating viral infections with antibiotics?
Development of acquired resistance.
How should a patient react if they experience gastric irritation when taking oral cephalosporins?
Take it with food.
What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take when noting increased erythema, swelling, and a persistent high fever in the patient?
Review the sensitivity results from the patient's culture
Before administering the first dose of an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection, which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity
If a patient is admitted for pneumonia but is unable to produce sputum for a culture, which antibiotic is the provider most likely to order?
A broad-spectrum antibiotic
When teaching a patient who will be discharged on amoxicillin twice daily for ten days, which statement by the nurse is correct?
Stop taking the drug and notify your provider if you develop a rash while taking this drug.
If a patient previously experienced a rash when taking amoxicillin, and the nurse is preparing to administer intravenous ceftriaxone, what is the most appropriate action?
Administer the drug and observe closely for hypersensitivity reactions
If a patient has been receiving a cephalosporin antibiotic for two weeks and the nurse notes ulcers on the patient's tongue and buccal mucosa, what is the most appropriate action?
Report a possible side effect of the cephalosporin, such as superinfection
When providing teaching to a patient who will begin taking a cephalosporin antibiotic, which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
I may stop taking the medication if my symptoms clear up.
Which statement regarding the administration of intravenous ceftriaxone is accurate?
It should be administered through a dedicated IV line.
Which statement regarding the use of cephalosporin antibiotics is true?
They are effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
When administering an antibiotic, which action by the nurse is most important?
Verifying the dose and route of administration
Which statement correctly describes the administration of azithromycin in relation to food?
Azithromycin should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
What is the appropriate action for a nurse to take when a patient taking warfarin is prescribed clarithromycin?
Request an order for INR testing.
Which macrolide antibiotic should be questioned by the nurse when a patient allergic to penicillin plans to take fluconazole concurrently?
Erythromycin
What type of drug requires monitoring of serum peak and trough levels?
Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index
If a patient's serum drug trough level is below the normal range, what effect should the nurse expect?
Inadequate therapeutic effects
How should doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, be administered in relation to food?
With food to improve absorption
What is the recommended timing for taking azithromycin in relation to antacids?
Take azithromycin 2 hours before or 2 hours after antacids.
Which statement is true regarding diarrhea as a side effect of azithromycin?
Watery diarrhea should be reported as it may indicate pseudomembranous colitis.
What is the appropriate action for a nurse to take if a patient taking azithromycin reports a dairy product restriction?
Reassure the patient that there is no restriction for dairy products when taking azithromycin.
Which statement correctly describes the appropriate action when a patient taking warfarin is prescribed clarithromycin?
Request an order for INR testing.
What is the appropriate action for the nurse to take when noting increased erythema, swelling, and a persistent high fever in the patient?
Report possible drug toxicity to the patient's provider
If a patient's serum drug trough level is below the normal range, what effect should the nurse expect?
The drug may be ineffective in treating the infection
When a patient's recurrent urinary tract infection fails to respond to an antibiotic that has previously been effective, the most likely reason is:
The causative bacteria has developed resistance to the antibiotic
Which statement correctly describes the appropriate action when a patient taking warfarin is prescribed clarithromycin?
Monitor the patient's INR and adjust the warfarin dose as needed
What is the primary purpose of maintaining serum drug levels above the minimal effective concentration (MEC)?
To ensure the drug is effective in treating the infection
Which statement regarding the use of cephalosporin antibiotics is true?
Cephalosporins have a higher risk of causing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea compared to other antibiotics
Which laboratory values will the nurse expect to monitor when caring for a patient receiving a high tetracycline dose?
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
What information will the nurse include when teaching a female patient about taking doxycycline to treat a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
Use a backup method of contraception if taking oral contraceptives.
If an infant receiving intravenous gentamicin has not had a wet diaper for several hours, what action should the nurse perform?
Assess the infant's renal function and notify the provider
Which of the following statements is true regarding the administration of doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic?
It should be taken with a backup contraceptive method if the patient is taking oral contraceptives.
What is the primary purpose of maintaining serum drug levels above the minimal effective concentration (MEC) when administering antibiotics?
To ensure therapeutic efficacy and minimize toxicity
What is the most appropriate action for a nurse to take if a patient previously experienced a severe rash when taking penicillin and is now being considered for amoxicillin (a penicillin derivative) administration?
Consult with the provider to determine if a penicillin skin test should be performed
Which of the following side effects should a patient taking acyclovir be instructed to report to their provider?
Dizziness and confusion
What is the most important instruction a nurse should give a patient prescribed acyclovir?
Increase fluid intake to maintain hydration
Which of the following viruses is NOT caused by a herpes virus?
Influenza
Which statement about metronidazole is FALSE?
Metronidazole is inappropriate for treating trichomoniasis because it is only indicated for bacterial infections
When a patient is prescribed ivermectin to treat onchocerciasis and is also taking warfarin and atorvastatin, which of the following should the nurse recommend monitoring?
Coagulation parameters
Which of the following is a common side effect associated with acyclovir use?
Acyclovir has very few side effects
What is the most appropriate dose and frequency for acyclovir in an immunocompetent patient diagnosed with herpes zoster virus?
800 mg five times daily for 7 to 10 days
Which statement is correct regarding the use of acyclovir for treating a herpes virus infection?
Acyclovir helps reduce the severity and duration of herpes virus outbreaks.
Which of the following is a common side effect of acyclovir that the nurse should educate the patient about?
Nausea and vomiting
When administering acyclovir, which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the patient?
Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
Which statement is true regarding the use of acyclovir in immunocompromised patients?
The duration of treatment may need to be extended.
Which of the following statements about acyclovir administration is correct?
Acyclovir can be crushed and mixed with food for patients with difficulty swallowing.
When administering clarithromycin to a patient taking warfarin, the nurse should:
Monitor prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) levels closely
If a patient reports watery diarrhea while taking azithromycin, the nurse should:
Discontinue the azithromycin and report the symptom
When administering azithromycin, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
Take the medication 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
If a patient has previously experienced a severe rash when taking penicillin, the appropriate action when considering amoxicillin (a penicillin derivative) is:
Avoid prescribing amoxicillin due to the risk of cross-reactivity
When monitoring a patient taking high doses of macrolide antibiotics, the nurse should expect to review which lab values?
Liver enzymes and urinalysis
When administering intravenous ceftriaxone to a patient with a penicillin allergy, the nurse should:
Avoid administering ceftriaxone due to the risk of cross-reactivity
Test your knowledge on the minimal effective concentration of antibiotics with this quiz question. Choose the correct statement that demonstrates an understanding of MEC.
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