Questions and Answers
What is one of the long-term goals of the National Tuberculosis Control Program by 2035?
According to the medium-term goals set for 2022, what is the target for the number of TB deaths?
What is one of the specific objectives for TB elimination efforts by 2022?
Which administrative order is related to the control and elimination of rabies?
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What does the vision of the National Tuberculosis Control Program aim for?
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What is the objective regarding patient satisfaction with DOTS facilities by 2022?
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Which of the following represents the target incidence rate for TB by 2022?
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What key measure does the National Tuberculosis Control Program aim to reduce to 0%?
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What is the primary focus of the National Tuberculosis Control Program?
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Which group has the highest risk of developing active tuberculosis?
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What is the primary aim of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI)?
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Which conditions are primarily addressed by the IMCI strategy due to their preventable nature?
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What is Pulmonary Tuberculosis primarily characterized as?
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How does alcohol use disorder affect the risk of tuberculosis?
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What significant challenge do first-level health facilities in developing countries face in managing childhood illnesses?
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Which organization did NOT contribute to the development of the IMCI strategy?
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What is the significance of the Xpert MTB/RIF test in TB diagnosis?
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Which of the following programs aims to prevent rabies?
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Which of the following regions had the largest number of new TB cases in 2018?
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Which of the following is crucial for ensuring treatment adherence for active TB?
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How is the National Tuberculosis Control Program primarily concerned?
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What standard treatment protocol is used for drug-susceptible TB disease?
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What significant impact does malnutrition have on childhood illnesses according to the content?
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What is a key characteristic of first-level health facilities in less developed countries?
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Study Notes
Tuberculosis (TB) Overview
- TB primarily impacts the lungs, referred to as Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB).
- PTB is prevalent in crowded and poorly ventilated environments.
- Adults in their productive years are most affected, but all age groups are at risk.
- HIV-infected individuals are 19 times more likely to develop active TB.
- Undernutrition increases TB risk by threefold.
- Alcohol use disorder and tobacco smoking elevate TB disease risk by factors of 3.3 and 1.6, respectively.
Global Impact of TB
- In 2018, the South-East Asian region reported 44% of new TB cases globally, followed by the African region with 24%.
- Eight countries (India, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, South Africa) accounted for two-thirds of new TB cases.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Xpert MTB/RIF rapid test was recommended by WHO in 2010 for TB diagnosis.
- This test detects TB and resistance to rifampicin and provides results within 2 hours.
- It is now the initial diagnostic recommendation for individuals showing TB symptoms.
Treatment of TB
- TB is treatable and curable with a standard 6-month course of 4 antimicrobial drugs.
- Support from health workers or trained volunteers is crucial for treatment adherence.
- A Memorandum of Agreement on Interagency Implementation of NRPCP was signed in May 1991 involving various government departments.
National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTCP)
- Vision: A TB-free Philippines with zero deaths, disease, and suffering from tuberculosis.
- Long-term goal (2035): Reduce TB mortality by 95% and TB incidence by 90%.
- Medium-term goals (2022):
- Decrease TB deaths from 22,000 to 11,000.
- Reduce TB incidence from 554/100,000 to 470/100,000.
- Eliminate catastrophic costs for TB-affected households.
Objectives of the NTCP
- Enhance patient satisfaction at DOTS facilities to at least 90%.
- Improve utilization of TB care and prevention services.
- Achieve zero catastrophic costs for TB-affected households using DOTS facilities.
- Ensure sufficient and trained human resources for TB elimination.
- Utilize TB data effectively for elimination efforts.
- Improve the quality of all TB care and prevention services.
Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI)
- IMCI aims to reduce childhood mortality and improve care quality for major childhood illnesses, particularly in first-level health facilities.
- Approximately one million children under five die each year in less developed countries from preventable causes, such as pneumonia, diarrhea, and malnutrition.
- Many first-level facilities lack diagnostic tools, leading to referrals for more complex cases.
- WHO and UNICEF developed the IMCI strategy in 1995 to provide integrated case management for common childhood illnesses.
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Description
This quiz covers the essentials of Tuberculosis, focusing on its impact on health, particularly among vulnerable populations. It also discusses the diagnostic methods and the global statistics concerning TB prevalence. Test your knowledge on TB's risks, demographics, and control measures!
